What are the organization process of foreign tourism, basic etiquette and common questions?

1. The basic concept of foreign-related etiquette

Etiquette is a comprehensive behavioral science. It refers to the use of certain and established procedures and procedures in interpersonal communication from beginning to end. The way to express the complete behavior of self-discipline and respect for others.

Foreign-related etiquette is actually the conventions we must abide by when participating in international exchanges, and it is a conventional practice. In other words, it is about norms, and norms are standards.

Due to regional and historical reasons, various regions and ethnic groups have different understandings of etiquette. In the long-term international exchanges, norms of foreign affairs etiquette have gradually formed, also called foreign-related etiquette. Foreign-related etiquette is the convention that people must abide by when participating in international exchanges, and it is a conventional practice. It emphasizes normativeness, objectivity, and skill in communication. With the acceleration of my country's reform and opening up, people have more foreign exchanges in life and work. It is particularly important to understand the content and requirements of foreign-related etiquette and master the skills of interacting with foreigners.

2. Basic requirements for foreign-related etiquette:

1. Respect comes first. It is necessary to emphasize self-respect and self-love, respect for one's own profession, and respect for one's own unit.

2． Have ideas that are good at expressing. In international exchanges, when receiving foreign guests, it is necessary to emphasize three greetings: "a greeting when coming, an answer when asking, and a farewell when leaving."

3. Etiquette in official activities

1. Introduction in official interactions

①Self-introduction - four key points

●It is best to hand over your business card first and then introduce yourself

●The self-introduction time should be brief. The shorter the better

●Be careful and the content should be comprehensive

●Tell the full name first, then the abbreviation

②Introduce others

● As is customary in social situations, the introducer should generally be the hostess

● There are generally three types of people in international interactions

A. Professional counterparts

B. Public relations Concierge staff

C. When distinguished guests visit, the etiquette emphasizes equality of status

●The order in which others are introduced

A. Those with lower positions, juniors, men, Unmarried people are introduced to senior people, elders, ladies and married people respectively.

B. When introducing colleagues, friends and family members, the family members should be introduced first, and then colleagues and friends.

C. When introducing guests to the host, the host should be introduced first, and then Introducing guests

D. When introducing guests who come first to the meeting and those who come late, the late comers should be introduced first, then the first comers

③Handshake etiquette

A. Handshake method

a. Expression: focused, serious, friendly

b. Posture: stand up, face the other person, extend your right hand about 1 meter away, and hold The palm of the opponent's right hand will then shake up and down once or twice, and make it perpendicular to the ground

c. Strength: not too light or too heavy. If you are too light, it will appear contemptuous, and if you use too much force regardless of the object, sometimes it will make people feel disgusted and annoying

d. Time: In ordinary situations, 3 seconds is appropriate

B. The sequence of reaching out

Under normal circumstances, "the distinguished person comes first", that is, the person with higher status reaches out first

a. When a woman shakes hands with a man, the woman should extend her hand first

b. When an elder shakes hands with a junior, the elder should extend his hand first

c. When a superior shakes hands with his subordinate, the superior should extend his hand first

d. Shake hands between host and guest : When a guest arrives, the host should be the first to extend his or her hand to show welcome; when the guest leaves, the guest should extend his or her hand first to show that the host can stay here

e. When one person shakes hands with multiple people, he or she can follow the rules. The order of respect and inferiority can also be followed from near to far.

C. Avoidances when shaking hands

Reach out your hands rashly and when you shouldn’t. When meeting superiors, elders, distinguished guests, or ladies, it is rude to extend your hand first; you should not extend your hand first when you should. When a superior meets a subordinate, a young man meets a young man, a woman meets a man, when a handshake is required, the former does not take the initiative to extend his hand first.

Shake hands with your left hand. Stretch out dirty or sick hands to shake hands. Wear sunglasses and shake hands with people. Wear gloves when shaking hands (except for women wearing gauze gloves to shake hands in social situations).

The eyes wander. It is rude to not concentrate when shaking hands, to look around, and to be absent-minded.

It is also rude to hold hands for a long time, there are many people around, and you only shake hands with one person, ignoring or indifferent to others, or influencing the other person to take out his hand to shake hands with others.

Cross handshake. When two people are shaking hands, it is impolite to run up to the person shaking hands. Generally, you do not need to shake hands with people, except between acquaintances.

2． The use of business cards in official interactions

①The importance of using business cards

● A person without a business card will be regarded as a person without social status.

● A person who does not carry a business card with him is a disrespectful person.

②Etiquette in using business cards

● Do not alter business cards at will;

● Do not provide private phone numbers;

● Generally do not provide two More than one title;

③Be careful when asking for a business card:

● Try not to ask for a business card;

● It is also best not to ask for a business card in a straightforward manner Expression;

④Methods for exchanging business cards

● Transaction method

● Encouragement method

● Contact method

⑤ Things to note when accepting other people’s business cards

● There is coming and going – return the favor

● If others don’t have business cards – you have to give them a way out

● Be sure to look at the business card after receiving it and be able to read it once

3. Titles used in official interactions

●Administrative titles – used in formal official interactions

●Technical titles – experts and scholars

●General honorifics – Mr. , Miss, Madam, Madam

4. Gift giving in official exchanges

①The role of gift giving

● To commemorate the exchanges and friendship between the two peoples and personnel of the two countries;

● To promote the culture of the country, Promote corporate image and promote national characteristics.

②Types and methods of giving gifts

Gift method time place

5. Banquets during official interactions

①Five issues to pay attention to

● Pay attention to the cost

● Pay attention to the menu

● Pay attention to the environment< /p>

● Talk about music

● Talk about manners

② Talk about a few taboos at the dinner table, four are not allowed

● Let the dishes be left alone Dishes

● Don’t encourage drinks when toasting

● Don’t dress up in public

● Eat without making a sound in front of outsiders

6. Dressing in official interactions

●Dressing requirements for male civil servants—neat, smart, and capable

●Dressing requirements for female civil servants—generous, decent, and capable

< p>7． Other issues to pay attention to in official interactions

●Meeting etiquette

●Business schedule arrangements

●Seating arrangements (meeting rostrum, banquet )

●Taboos

IV. Relevant information

(1) Drinking etiquette

At a formal banquet, after the waiter opens the bottle , first pour some and pass it to the host to taste. The host should take a small sip and taste it carefully, and then take another sip. When he feels that the served wine fully meets the requirements, he should signal to the waiter that he can pour wine for the guests. The order of serving wine is first the host, then the guest, and then other guests. When pouring wine, the wine glass should be placed on the table, and the wine bottle should not touch the rim of the glass. The posture of holding a wine glass varies with different wine glasses. For tall glasses, hold the legs with your fingers, and for short wine glasses, hold the glass with your palms. Regarding serving wine, there is a Chinese proverb that goes “full of wine, deep feelings”. That is to say, pouring wine to the full is a sign of respect. Therefore, no matter what kind of wine is on the wine table, it should be filled to the top as a courtesy. In fact, wine, champagne, brandy, liqueur, etc. should not be filled to the full, but should only be filled to 2/3 of the capacity of the glass. The purpose is to allow the drinker to swirl the wine in the glass when drinking. Let the aroma of the wine be fully brought out. As a drink served at banquets, there are certain rules in terms of the choice of drinking utensils and the method of drinking. The so-called tea has a tea ceremony, and wine also has a wine ceremony. First of all, you should leave room for drinking, drink slowly and carefully, especially if you drink strong alcohol, do not drink it all in one go.

In order to show off their strength and competitiveness, some people refuse to give in to each other. You try to trick me, and I try to trick you, so that you can "drink without losing", or "you can't be friends without being drunk", and end up getting extremely drunk. He even uttered obscene words, overturned tables and stools, and hurt his neighbors. He was so happy that he became sad. As a result, he was detained or paid compensation, and he regretted it. This not only destroys the friendly and joyful atmosphere of the banquet, but is also a disrespectful and uncultivated behavior. It is the most taboo aspect of drinking at a banquet. Secondly, you must understand the etiquette of drinking at banquets. As the guest of honor attending a banquet, you should understand the other party's toasting habits, that is, who is toasting, when to toast, etc. in order to make necessary preparations. When toasting, you should also be careful not to cross clink glasses. When the host and guest of honor are toasting, they should temporarily stop eating, stop talking, listen carefully, and do not take this opportunity to smoke. After the host and the guest of honor have finished speaking and clinking glasses with the VIP guests, they often have to go to other tables for toasts. In this case, you should stand up and raise your glasses, and pay homage visually to the other person. When making a toast, you should pay attention to the fact that the toast must not only satisfy the blessing but also be literary. For example, a long time ago, Jewish people raised their glasses and shouted "For life!" in their religious ceremonies. A toast in Charlie Dickens's "A Christmas Hymn" was very common: "God bless you all." The Chinese are used to saying "Congratulations" when clinking glasses, the British often say "Cheers" when clinking glasses, the French say "Sante", and the Spanish say "Sholus". ), there is such a wonderful toast in Shakespeare's works: "With good friends, good drinks and good hospitality, you become a good person." In addition to toasting, before and after drinking, it is generally suitable to talk about pleasant, healthy insights and true feelings to maintain The cordial, warm and optimistic atmosphere between the guests and hosts.

Thirdly, if you are not good at drinking, you can politely refuse when the host proposes a toast to you. If the host asks you to drink some wine, you should not refuse blindly. You can choose light wine or soda (such as Coke, Orange (water, etc.) drink a little as a symbol to avoid spoiling everyone’s fun. Of course, as a toaster, you should not force the other person to drink it all in one go. During a banquet, the amount of alcohol you drink should generally be controlled at about 1/3 of your usual amount.

Fourth, in Western food, on the dining table of each seat at a formal banquet, there are several tall wine glasses on the upper right side of the knife, fork and plate, including ice water glasses, red wine glasses, and white wine glasses. , champagne glasses, etc. The two glasses for red and white wine are basically the same or slightly different in size, while the glass for drinking champagne looks different. Usually it is a goblet or a slim tulip cup. The choice of wine glass must depend on the menu. The way Europeans and Americans eat when eating wine and food is often closely related to drinking. This is said to aid digestion, especially on major occasions such as banquets and receptions, where almost every dish is paired with a specific wine and a specific wine glass is used, which requires strict attention. France, a country of gourmet food, has always paired fish with white wine. The unwritten rule of pairing red wine with meat. Low-alcohol wines are generally consumed at cocktail parties, with champagne being the most common. Champagne is known as the "King of Wine" in Western cuisine. It tastes cool and sweet. Because the wine is full of gas, it can make a crisp sound when the bottle is opened. At high-end banquets, , bottles were opened at each table at the same time, making a banging sound, like firecrackers, adding a grand and warm atmosphere to the banquet.

(2) Dining Etiquette

The dining habits of the East and the West are very different, especially formal Western banquets, which have many rules. If you don't know anything about it, you will inevitably laugh at it. The famous scholar Mr. Qian Gechuan once cited two examples.

One is that at a banquet held by Hitler, a Chinese envoy used a napkin to wipe the knife and fork with a napkin in accordance with the custom of eating Western food at home. Little did he know that this approach was extremely impolite, as if he was scolding the knife and fork. Not clean. Upon seeing this, Hitler immediately ordered the waiter to change the tableware for all the guests, which embarrassed the Chinese envoy.

The second is Li Hongzhang’s foolhardy behavior when he was on a mission to Germany. Li Hongzhang went to the banquet at Bismarck's invitation. Because he did not understand Western food etiquette, he picked up a bowl of water for washing hands after eating fruit and drank it. At that time, Bismarck did not understand China's reality and reality. In order not to embarrass Li Hongzhang, he drank all the water he washed his hands in one gulp. Seeing this, other civil and military officials had no choice but to laugh. Today, the exchanges between the people of the East and the West are becoming more frequent, and it is also necessary to understand the etiquette at the dinner table.

You should pay attention to the following matters when attending a Western-style banquet:

1. The meal should begin after the dishes are served in front of all the guests and the hostess signals. No dish should be eaten until the hostess has taken her spoon or fork. This is an American habit, which is different from that of some European countries.

2． The napkin should be spread across your lap. If the napkin is larger, it should be double-folded on the lap; if it is smaller, it can be fully opened. Although the napkin can also be wrapped around the neck or tied to the chest, it does not look generous, so it is best not to do this. You can use the corner of a napkin to wipe away oil stains on your mouth or fingers, but never use a napkin to wipe tableware.

3. When eating, you should sit upright and do not lean forward too far, and do not put your arms on the table to avoid bumping into the guests next to you.

4． When using knives and forks, use the knife with your right hand and the fork with your left hand. When using only the fork, it can be held with the right hand. When using a knife, do not point the blade outward. Don't use a knife to put food into your mouth. When cutting meat, avoid making a sound when the knife cuts on the porcelain plate. When eating noodles, you can roll them up with a fork and eat them without picking. Put down the knife and fork halfway, and place the knife and fork on the plate in an "eight" shape. If you put the knife and fork together, it means the meal is finished.

5. Bread should be taken with your hands and placed on a small plate next to it or on the edge of a large plate. Never use a fork to pierce the bread. Use a butter knife to remove butter, not a personal knife. Take out the butter and put it in a small dish next to it. Do not spread it directly on the bread. Instead of cutting the bread with a knife or buttering the entire slice, pull off a small piece at a time and eat one piece at a time.

6. Only use a fork when eating salad. The fork should be held in the right hand, with the fork tips pointing upward. If the salad is served with bread or biscuits, you can hold a small piece of bread or biscuits with your left hand to help push the salad onto the fork.

7. When eating fish, you can hold the bread with your left hand and the knife with your right hand to remove the thorns. Do not spit meat bones or fish bones that have been eaten directly into the plate. Instead, catch them with a fork and put them gently into the plate, or take them out with your hands as unobtrusively as possible and place them on the edge of the plate. Do not throw them away. On the table or on the floor. Fruit cores should also be spit into the palm of your hand before being placed on a plate.

8． When you want to drink water, you should swallow the food in your mouth first. Do not rinse food in your mouth with water. When drinking from a glass, be sure to wipe off the oil stains on your mouth first to avoid staining the glass.

9. Do not lift dishes while eating. To drink soup, tilt the table and use a spoon. Do not put the spoon in the cup when drinking or drinking coffee.

10． Eat, especially soup. Don't make any noise. You should keep your mouth closed when chewing.

11. Don’t blow your nose or burp at the dinner table. If you sneeze or cough, you should apologize to those around you.

12. Don’t pick your teeth at the dinner table. If something is stuck in your teeth and must be removed, cover your mouth with a napkin. It is best to wait until no one else is around before taking it out.

13. It is impolite to remain silent while eating. You should talk to the people around you. But don't talk while chewing your food. Even if someone is talking to you, you should swallow the food in your mouth before answering. You don't have to put down your knife and fork when talking, but you can't swing it in the air.

14. At the dinner table, all food should be taken with a knife and fork. Only celery, radishes, green fruits, fruits, dried snacks, dried fruits, candies, fried potato chips, corn, frog legs and bread can be eaten with hands.

15． As the waiter serves guests, walk to your left. It's your turn to get the food. If the waiter is standing on your right, don't take it. It is the turn of the customer to your right. When taking the dishes, it is best to take a little of each, as this will please the hostess. If you really don't like a certain dish, you can also say: "Thank you, no more."

16. When the hostess wants to add food to you, you can hand the plate to her with the knife and fork on it or hand it to the waiter. You can't ask for more food if she doesn't ask you, it's rude.

17. Some foods on the table, such as bread, butter, jam, pickles, dried fruits, candies, etc., should be eaten upon the hostess's suggestion. When everyone takes turns to get the food, the male guest should ask the female guest next to him to get it first, or ask her if she would like to let you get some for you. When eating, do not reach over in front of others to get food. If you need something, pass it on behind someone else's back.

18. After the meal, the guests should wait for the hostess to stand up from her seat before leaving the table together. It is not polite to leave during a meal or before the party is over. After standing up, the male guest should help the woman return the chair to its original position. Place the napkin on the table and do not fold it as it is unless the host invites you to stay for the next meal.

To make the banquet full of pleasant and harmonious atmosphere from beginning to end, not only the guests must be well behaved and polite, but the attitude of the host and hostess is also crucial.

After the banquet begins, the responsibility of the host and hostess is to keep the conversation lively and interesting so that no guest is left out. If someone says something inappropriate, the host should immediately and tactfully try to change the subject.

When dining, evaluation should wait until the guest has finished one dish before changing to the next dish. The host should not eat too fast. If most people have finished eating but a few people have not finished eating, the host should slow down to avoid making the guests feel uneasy.

During the dinner, the host should try his best to make every guest feel comfortable and comfortable. If a guest drops his knife and fork on the floor, you should politely change it for him immediately. If a guest accidentally breaks a plate or dish, the hostess should clean it up calmly and comfort the guest without showing any displeasure.

Finally, the host must never calculate the cost of the treat in front of the guests.

(3) How to wear a suit

Suits originated in Europe and have unique dress standards. Dressing Principles Westerners wear suits and often choose different colors according to different occasions and seasons. Wear dark suits on important ceremonial occasions, and light-colored, dark-checked, and small-patterned suits when commuting, entertaining, and meeting friends. From the perspective of skin color, Chinese people should choose dark blue, dark gray, and black gray suits in social situations. These colors are not only dignified and elegant, but also make the complexion more radiant. There are four points to pay attention to when wearing a suit: first, it should be flat and without creases; second, the suit collar should be close to the back and about 1 cm lower than the collar of the shirt; third, the length of suit trousers should be moderate; fourth, suit pockets should not be placed Any clutter. The newness and style of the suit are secondary. The most important thing is the fit, so careful maintenance is very important. After wearing, use a special suit hanger to hang it. Good maintenance can make a suit fit forever.

Shirts Each suit generally requires two or three shirts. The collar of the shirt should not be too tight or too loose, and the length of the cuffs should be just up to the wrist, preferably 1-2 cm longer than the suit cuffs. The shirt should be close-fitting when wearing a tie, and the shirt should be looser when not wearing a tie.

Tie is the focus of men’s dressing. It can show the personality of the wearer. Different ties with the same shirt can produce different visual effects. The color of the tie should be selected according to the shirt, which is usually the best. Easily matched are red, blue or yellow-based floral ties. In informal situations, you can wear a suit without a tie, but the first button of your shirt must be unbuttoned. What length is appropriate for a tie? Generally, it should be slightly longer than the waistband of the pants. Tie clips used to be important accessories for suits, but are now rarely used abroad. If you want to fix the tie, you can put the second layer into the sign behind the tie.

Suit Buttons The buttoning method of suit buttons is very particular. When wearing a double-breasted suit, all buttons must be buttoned; for a single-breasted two-button suit, only the first button can be buttoned, or not buttoned at all; for a single-breasted three-button suit, only the middle button can be buttoned or not buttoned at all; Wear a one-button suit, buttoned or unbuttoned; if you wear a three-piece suit, you should button all the buttons on the vest and leave the coat unbuttoned.

(4) Taboos

Etiquette and taboos are always connected. There are countless taboo things in foreign countries. When communicating, be careful not to violate each other's taboos, so that you can gain mutual respect and dependence.

The number "13" is regarded as an ominous symbol by Westerners. It is said that it originates from religious allusions: Judas, who betrayed Jesus, was the thirteenth disciple of Jesus, so people are concerned about "13". Disgusted. And because the crucifixion of Jesus occurred on Friday, Westerners generally do not hold activities on the day that is both the 13th and Friday. Even house numbers, hotel room numbers, floor numbers, and banquet table numbers must avoid "13". No. 13 seats in row 13 are not found in British theaters, and even if there are seats with No. 13 seats in American theaters, they are sold at half price. In addition, Ghana and Egypt in Africa, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Singapore and some Latin American countries in Asia also don't like this number. But not all Westerners reject "13". On the 13th, planes still fly and trains run as usual. Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher chose the 13th to hold her wedding for her son.

Flower taboos Sending flowers is very common abroad. Due to different customs, the meaning of certain flowers also differs in different countries.

For example, the lotus is known as the "gentleman among flowers" in China, but in Japan it is considered an unlucky thing and is only used for memorial purposes; tulips are seen as a symbol of love in Turkey, but Germans think they have no emotions. flower. The chrysanthemum is a special flower for the Japanese royal family. However, in the eyes of Belgians, Italians and French people, chrysanthemums are associated with death and can only be used in cemeteries or before funerals. In France, don't give carnations because it means misfortune; in Japan, you can't give white flowers when visiting friends in the hospital, because it means unlucky. When interacting with foreign friends, it is customary not to offer chrysanthemums, azaleas, mangosteens and yellow flowers to the guests.

Religious taboos Whether in the East or the West, religion has penetrated into many aspects of social etiquette. The influence of Christianity must be considered in European and American countries, the influence of Islam must be considered in the Middle East, and the existence of Buddhism cannot be ignored in Southeast Asia. Muslims in Muslim countries have to pray five times a day. At this time, no matter what important matters they have, they should put it aside for the time being. Although outsiders are not required to pray, they must not show impatience or interfere with the prayers of the locals. For Thais who believe in Buddhism, all statues of gods are sacred and photography is not allowed without permission. Before entering a Japanese shrine or temple premises, you should take off your shoes, hats and scarves.

Reception preparation

In order to successfully complete the reception task, foreign affairs reception units generally need a dedicated reception team to be fully responsible for all reception matters.

In the reception work, you should first understand the basic situation of the visitor, and clarify the country, name, member list, purpose of the visit, etc. of the delegation. If you need to book a hotel or return air ticket according to the guest's request, you should also obtain a copy (fax) of the guest's passport. After mastering the above situation, make a careful written reception activity schedule (table) (in Chinese and foreign languages), including welcome and farewell, meetings, talks, signing ceremony, banquets, tours, transportation, meal and sleep time, and accompanying persons Wait for details. The schedule should be arranged with the guests' opinions in advance as much as possible, and the customs, habits and religious beliefs of the guests should also be taken into consideration. After the schedule is properly printed, have a copy ready for guests upon arrival.

Welcome and send-off

Determine the welcome and send-off specifications based on the identity of the visitor. According to international practice, the main greeter and farewell person usually have the same status as the guests. When high-level foreign guests come to visit Yichang, party and government leaders must be arranged to greet and see them off according to the notification requirements of the superior reception department, and organize the welcome and send-off ceremony, venue decoration, flower presentation, photography, TV shooting, and organization of mass scenes, such as airplane ( The arrival and departure times of cars and boats, the selection of flower presenters and the preparation of flower bouquets (garlands), the way to introduce the guests and hosts to each other, the arrangement of the order of vehicles, the arrangement of seats, the hoisting of the national flag, etc., must be implemented one by one.

When welcoming guests, after the foreign guests get off the plane (car, boat), the concierge staff should take the initiative to introduce the names and positions of the greeters to the guests one by one, and the greeters will immediately shake hands with the guests to express welcome. If a foreign guest takes the initiative to hug our staff, I can respond accordingly and do not retreat or force the hug. If you need to present flowers, they should be arranged after the main greeting leader shakes hands with the guests. Do not use chrysanthemums, azaleas, dianthus or yellow flowers as flowers.

When taking a bus, guests should first get on the bus from the right side, accompany the host and then get on the bus from the left side. After all foreign guests and accompanying persons have boarded the car, drive to the hotel. On the way, the accompanying person should choose an opportunity to introduce things that are conducive to promoting Yichang to the outside world, such as welcome slogans, cultural landscapes, etc. seen along the way.

When important foreign guests and large groups come to visit, special persons and cars should be arranged to pick up the luggage and deliver it to the guest's room in a timely manner. After foreign guests arrive at the residence, it is not advisable to arrange activities immediately. They should take a short rest and give them time to change clothes.

Meeting

When a person of high status meets a person of low status, or when a host meets a guest, it is called an interview or summons. On the contrary, when a person of low status meets a person of high status, or a guest meets a host, it is called a visit or a visit. The return visit after the reception and visit is called return visit.

The person who arranges the meeting with one party should take the initiative to inform the other party of the time, place, attendees of the meeting, other specific arrangements and relevant precautions. If there is a group photo, the group photo must be compiled in advance. Generally, the host is in the middle. According to the protocol order, the host’s right hand is on top. The host and guest are spaced apart, and the host personnel are at the sides at both ends.

Before the meeting, the host should greet the guests at the door, either at the main entrance of the building or in the living room. If the owner does not greet him at the door of the building, the staff should greet him at the door of the building and lead him into the living room.

At the end of the meeting, the host should send the guest to the car or say goodbye at the door and watch the guest leave.

For meetings between leaders, except for the accompanying person and necessary translators and record-keepers, all other staff should exit after arrangements are made. During the conversation, others should not come in or out at will.

When arranging the seats of the guest and host, the guest of honor should sit on the right side of the host, and the translator and recorder should sit behind the host and guest of honor. Other foreign guests should sit on the side of the guest of honor in accordance with the protocol order, and the host's companions should sit on the side of the host. If there are not enough seats, you can add extra seats in the back row.

Talk

Talk refers to the exchange of views between the two parties on certain major political, economic, cultural and other issues of mutual concern. The content of the talks was relatively formal and highly political or professional.

First of all, a special team must be formed to determine the lead negotiator. The position of our negotiator must be the same or similar to that of the other party's negotiator. The number of people attending the meeting was roughly equal. The second step is to prepare the outline of the talks. If both parties need to sign the "Minutes of Talks" or "Letter of Agreement" at the end of the talks, the text should be drafted in advance.

The talks are chaired by the chief negotiator, and other personnel are not allowed to express opinions without the permission of the chief negotiator. If you have different opinions, you can write a note and hand it to the negotiator for the negotiator’s reference. If the main talker invites everyone to make supplementary remarks, other people can make appropriate supplements according to the main talker's conversational caliber, but they cannot put forward opinions contrary to the main talker's opinions.

For talks, a rectangular, oval or round table is usually used. The guests and hosts sit opposite each other as shown on their nameplates, taking the main entrance as the standard. The host occupies the back side, and the foreign guests face the main entrance. The main speaker is seated in the middle.

Signing Ceremony

Participating in the signing ceremony are basically all the people from both sides who participated in the talks. In order to show the importance of the signed agreement, both parties often have higher leaders attend the signing ceremony.

Generally, a rectangular table is set up in the signing hall as the signing table. The tabletop is covered with dark cloth. Two chairs are placed side by side behind the table for the use of the signatories of both parties, with the main left and the guest right. The texts they have saved are placed in front of the seats, the signature stationery is placed at the top, and a flag stand is placed in the middle to hang the national flags of the signing parties.

The persons participating in the signing ceremony from both parties enter the signing hall, the signatory takes a seat, the signing assistants stand outside the signatory, and the other personnel are divided into host and guest and stand behind the respective signatory's seats in order of identity. When signing, the signing assistant will assist in turning over the document and specifying the signature place. After signing on the document kept by one party, the signing assistant will pass the text to each other, and then sign on the text kept by the other party. After the signature is completed, the signers of both parties will Texts were exchanged, handshakes were exchanged. Sometimes champagne is provided, and after signing, everyone toasts to celebrate.

Flying the national flag

The national flag is the symbol of the country and the dignity of the nation. In foreign-related activities, we often express our love for our own country and respect for other countries by flying the national flag. In international exchanges, there are some generally accepted practices for flying the flag of another country within a sovereign country.

According to the norms of international relations, when a country’s head of state, head of government, or speaker of parliament visits the territory of another country, he or she has the diplomatic privilege of flying the country’s flag on his or her residence and means of transportation.

At international conferences, the national flag of each participating country must be hoisted outside the venue; in international sports, exhibitions and other activities, the national flags of all participating countries must also be hoisted on relevant formal occasions.

Hand the national flags of both sides, with the right at the top and the left at the bottom. The national flags of the two countries are hung together, whichever is the front, with the guest's flag on the right and the national flag on the left; when flags are hung on cars, the driver's left hand is the main flag and the right hand is the guest's flag. When the two sides sit down for talks, the host and guest hang their national flags on flag stands on their respective negotiator's tables.

The national flag cannot be flown upside down or backwards.

Banquets

Banquets can be divided into banquets, buffet receptions, cocktail parties, tea parties, etc.

The time of the banquet should be suitable for both the host and the guest, and attention should be paid to avoiding the other party's major holidays, taboo days and times. For example, don’t choose a banquet for Christians on the 13th, let alone a Friday on the 13th; Muslims fast during the day during Ramadan, so the banquet should be arranged in the evening.

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