What does it mean to land successfully in the return capsule of China's new generation manned spacecraft test ship?

China's space industry has created miracles again and again, bringing us surprises. Recently, the return capsule of the manned spacecraft test ship successfully landed. What does this mean and what does it verify? Then let the constellation knowledge reveal the secret for everyone!

According to the China Manned Space Engineering Office, on May 8 13: 49, Beijing time, China's new generation manned spacecraft test ship successfully landed in the scheduled area of Dongfeng landing site, and the test was a complete success. This marks the complete success of the flight test mission of the test ship, and also means that China's manned spaceflight project has opened a new chapter.

Seven key technologies perfectly verify that the new generation of manned spacecraft is a new generation of shuttle transport aircraft for near-earth space station operation and manned lunar exploration in China. It has the characteristics of high safety, high reliability, multi-task adaptability and modular design, and adopts a new two-cabin configuration of "return cabin+service cabin". Spacecraft can be used in near-earth orbit to support the construction of China's space station, and can also be competent for more distant deep space exploration such as manned landing on the moon. It also has the powerful ability of "manned+freight", and can transport 6-7 astronauts at a time when performing low-earth orbit missions. A new generation of manned spacecraft has adopted many new technologies and products, especially in terms of reliability, safety, comfort, economy and intelligence. The main goal of this mission is to verify the correctness of the new generation manned spacecraft scheme. It is understood that in order to verify more technologies and equipment, the development team of the Fifth Academy arranged high-density flight activities for the test ship. During the in-orbit flight, the test ship has to complete dozens of key actions and carry out a number of carrying tests. It can be said that every minute is full. From successful launch to safe return, the test ship performed perfectly. For the Fifth Academy, the seven key technologies that they are most concerned about and related to the success or failure of the mission have been verified one by one, which points out the direction for the development of new spacecraft in the next stage.

China manned spacecraft technology, from following to manned spaceflight, represents a country's comprehensive national strength and scientific and technological strength, which can promote the development of multi-disciplinary and multi-technical fields. According to official data, China began to explore manned space technology in the 1960s. After the successful launch of Dongfanghong-1 satellite, the manned spaceflight project codenamed "Project 7 14" was fully promoted, and the development plan of the "Shuguang-1" manned spacecraft was officially launched. However, due to various reasons, the development of the "Shuguang-1" manned spacecraft finally stopped.

1992, China's manned spaceflight project was officially launched. 1999165438+1On the morning of October 20th, the Shenzhou-1 spacecraft was launched, and the curtain of China manned space flight was slowly opened. On June 5438+1October 65438+May, 2003, Shenzhou 5 launched. Astronaut Yang Liwei started the return procedure after flying around the earth for 14 laps and 2 1 hour in Shenzhou 5, and returned smoothly, realizing the dream of flying for thousands of years in China.

Since 1999, China has launched 1 1 shenzhou spaceship, including six manned spacecraft and five unmanned spacecraft, and also launched two space laboratories. * * * China astronauts/KOOC-0//KOOC-0/person, completed space travel/KOOC-0/4 person, the most. Achieve multiple firsts-astronauts' first space outing, first rendezvous and docking, and first space teaching? At the press conference of the first mission of the Long March V-B carrier rocket held on the evening of May 5, Ji, assistant director of the China Manned Space Engineering Office, introduced that the China Space Station will be completed around 2022, and it is planned to carry out 12 missions. After this mission, the core module and experimental module will be launched one after another to carry out on-orbit assembly and construction of the basic configuration of the space station; During this period, it is planned to launch four Shenzhou manned spacecraft and four Tianzhou cargo spacecraft for crew rotation and cargo replenishment.

Facing the mission demand of manned space flight in China to further develop into deep space, in 20 15, the Fifth Academy demonstrated and put forward the scheme of developing a new type of spacecraft test ship to carry out high-speed reentry flight test. In a short period of three years from June, 20 17 to February, 20 19, the fifth hospital completed the scheme design, product development, general assembly, comprehensive test and large-scale test, broke through a large number of key technologies, and built this new spacecraft test from scratch, bearing new hopes and opening up a new "celestial road".

After mission verification, the main technical indicators of the new generation manned spacecraft test ship have reached the international advanced level. Compared with the international advanced space shuttle spacecraft, China's new generation of manned spacecraft is not inferior in capability. They all have the ability to meet the needs of multi-mission, greater orbital maneuverability and the ability to land on land and water.

The new spacecraft is more intelligent, and the GNC system of the spacecraft can control the flight of the spacecraft autonomously, which further improves the autonomous operation capability, improves the on-orbit survivability and application potential, and reduces the maintenance and operation cost, which is of great significance to the follow-up deep space exploration and the development of China's manned space model. The new spacecraft can also "see a doctor" for itself. During the flight, it will pay attention to its own health in real time. Once there is a problem, it will "diagnose" itself through the intelligent algorithm of the system, find the lesion and remove it temporarily or permanently.

The new spacecraft is more cost-effective. The new spacecraft can be reused and the use cost is greatly reduced. In order to reduce the cost of entering space, the return cabin of a new generation of manned spacecraft is designed by aerospace engineers to be reusable. Some high-value equipment, such as star sensors and computers, are adjusted from the service cabin to the return cabin after optimization design, so that they can be recycled after returning with the return cabin. A new lightweight thermal protection structure independently developed by China is coated on the outside of the return cabin. After the mission is completed, only the lightweight heat-proof structure needs to be replaced, and the manned space mission can be carried out again after strict inspection. In order to achieve multi-functional use, the new spacecraft adopts the modular design of "building blocks". Through the same return cabin and different service cabin configurations, different mission requirements can be completed.

The successful mission of the test ship marks the formation of a new generation of manned spacecraft in China. It is understood that the Fifth Academy will, in combination with the mission requirements, carry out in-depth demonstration of the overall scheme of a new generation of manned spacecraft, improve and develop a new generation of manned spacecraft with high carrying capacity and cargo transportation capacity as soon as possible, adapt to the near-earth space station and manned deep space exploration missions, and make China's manned space transportation technology achieve a comprehensive leap from running to running, so that China people can explore space more stably and further, and make greater contributions to the early realization of the great dream of building a space power.

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