Chinese reading problem solving skills (NMET)

Examination requirements and problem-solving skills of prose reading questions in college entrance examination

In recent years, with the strengthening of the literariness of Chinese examination papers in college entrance examination, prose, as a style, is increasingly favored by proposers. Many excellent prose works with sincere feelings, rich literary color and rich flavor of the times have become the first choice for proposers. Judging from the college entrance examination of 1998, the reading of modern literature and literary works has been an essay test for six years in a row, and the questions have not changed much, and the difficulty has gradually decreased. However, judging from the problem-solving situation of students, the scoring rate is generally low and the results are not satisfactory. There are two reasons: first, the students' requirements for the examination of the reading questions in the college entrance examination are not completely clear, so the training has no purpose; First, the problem-solving skills of college entrance examination application reading, students failed to master skillfully, so that the problem-solving followed the feeling. In view of these situations, the author tries to talk about the examination requirements and problem-solving skills of this kind of questions in combination with the reading questions of the college entrance examination in recent years.

Examination requirements of prose reading questions in college entrance examination

In the course of "Modern Literature Reading", the syllabus of Chinese examination for college entrance examination requires students to "be able to read articles and literary works of general social science and natural science", and puts forward nine specific examination requirements such as "understanding", "analysis and synthesis" and "appreciation and evaluation". Prose reading belongs to the reading of literary works. What are its specific requirements in the college entrance examination? Please look at the essay reading questions in the college entrance examination in recent three years.

Question 22 of the 2003 college entrance examination Chinese paper (omitted): Item A examines the students' ability to grasp the ideas and analyze the structure of the article, and the ability level is C; The other four tests students' ability to appreciate the image, language and expression skills of literary works, and the ability level is E.

Question 22 of the 2002 college entrance examination Chinese paper (abbreviated topic): It not only examines students' ability to analyze and summarize the central meaning and main content of the article, but also examines students' ability to analyze and appreciate the image, language and expression skills of literary works. The ability level is E-level.

200 1 college entrance examination Chinese test paper (abbreviated topic) Question 24: It not only examines the students' preliminary appreciation ability of the language and expression skills of literary works, but also examines the students' evaluation ability of the ideological content of the article and the author's attitude. The ability level is E.

Just observing these short reading appreciation questions, we can find that the college entrance examination questions not only examine students' comprehensive ability to understand and analyze articles, but also examine students' preliminary appreciation and evaluation ability. "Understanding" and "analysis and synthesis" include seven specific requirements, which are the basic ability requirements in reading. The ability level belongs to level B and level C respectively. "Appreciation and evaluation" includes two specific requirements, which require students to comment on the ideological content of a given article and appreciate its image, language and expression skills. This is a higher ability requirement developed in reading on the basis of memorizing, understanding and analyzing, and the ability level belongs to E level. Students have made clear the above requirements, so in the usual review training, they should be targeted, expand the amount of prose reading, and consciously improve their "understanding ability", "comprehensive analysis ability" and "appreciation and evaluation ability".

Problem-solving skills of prose reading in college entrance examination

Prose is a style that freely and flexibly expresses what you see and feel. It expresses the author's feelings about life or nature in a very concise and cordial form. If you can grasp the characteristics of prose and think about the relevant examination requirements, you still have the skills to answer the short reading questions.

First, the overall perception of the theme of the article.

The biggest feature of prose is "scattered in form but not in spirit". "God" refers to the theme of the article, that is, the author's thoughts and feelings run through the article. Although the materials of prose are scattered, it has never changed its original genre, and it must focus on the author's thoughts and feelings. Therefore, when reading prose, we should start with the whole article and grasp the author's thoughts and feelings between the lines, so as to understand the author's feelings and grasp the main idea of the article. Prose reading in college entrance examination papers has this proposition almost every year.

For example, the story that Yu Boya stopped playing the piano because he lost his bosom friend has become an eternal story, but why did the author "suddenly comfort him"? Answer briefly according to the context.

The essay "Talking about bosom friends" is the author's unique understanding of bosom friends. The author respects the lofty friendship during the Boya period, but disagrees with the practice of absence and no longer playing the piano during the Boya period. He believes that Boya should still play that "shocking soul" and "beautiful and moving music" and "cultivate" more "intimate friends. In addition, Boya's superb acting skills are hard to come by. How could he give up easily because of the absence of the factor period? So the answer to this question is: (1) The more friends, the better. Yu Boya can't stop looking for more bosom friends just because he lost Zhong Ziqi. (2) Hard-won skills should not be given up easily, and the pursuit of art must be persistent.

Second, in-depth analysis of the ideas of the article.

Mr. Ye Shengtao once said: "Thought has a path, sentence by sentence, paragraph by paragraph, and the author of a good article will never go anywhere." The materials of prose are organized in the works according to certain ideas, and the structure of the works is the concrete expression of their ideas. College entrance examination questions often test students' ability to grasp the ideas of works by asking questions about the structure of works. When reading prose, we should be good at capturing sentences that reflect time, space, people, events and feelings, and grasp the context of the article.

For example, in the 1998 college entrance examination paper, question 2 1: In the first paragraph, the author wrote that he saw Hosta blossom, "he was surprised first, then disappointed." (1) Why is the author surprised? (2) Why is the author disappointed?

To answer these two questions, we must combine the context and clarify the thinking of the article. Why is the author surprised to see Hosta flowers "sticking their heads out"? After this sentence, "first" is used as a sign to answer it, that is, "beginning of autumn will be in a few days after this flower blooms"; As for the reasons of "disappointment", "making people feel alert" at the end of the fifth paragraph and "always in an uneasy anxiety" in the sixth paragraph suggest the author's thinking. After a little induction, we can get the answer that "the harvest season is still empty-handed"

Third, carefully taste the language of prose.

The language description of prose is exquisite and profound, with rich connotations. There is an important principle in applying for the reading proposition in the college entrance examination, that is, to appreciate the language in prose which is informative, implicit, meaningful and expressive. To appreciate the language of prose, only by carefully tasting and pondering it according to the specific context of the context can we correctly understand its meaning. This is also the basis of reading prose.

For example, 200 1 No.21Title: The author said at the beginning: "Opening and closing doors are the most meaningful actions in life." Please write down the meaning of "opening the door" and "closing the door" according to the context.

The essay "Door" gives the "door" a symbolic meaning, and writes the author's unique understanding of life. To understand the meaning of "opening the door" and "closing the door", we must read the full text, sort out the context of the article and find out the relevant information. The article says that "the closing of every door means the end", which can be directly summarized as "the meaning of closing the door means the end". As for the meaning of "opening the door", there are many related sentences, such as "it contains some unknown interests, some perceptions of entering a new moment and new forms of tedious rituals of human beings", "it contains the highest happiness flash in the world, and even when you are sad, opening the door may bring comfort …", but in a word, the main meaning of "opening the door" is "indicating a new beginning"

Fourth, correctly appreciate the expressive skills of prose.

Prose writing generally pays great attention to the proper use of expression techniques, such as borrowing scenery to express emotion, borrowing scenery to express emotion, expressing ambition by supporting things, restraining before wanting to promote, comparing and contrasting, combining reality with reality, symbolism and rhetoric. The clever use of these techniques often makes the thoughts and feelings of the works more vivid and prominent. By appreciating these skills, college entrance examination questions can directly see through students' reading taste. Therefore, reading prose should also pay attention to appreciate the expression effect of common expression skills.

For example, in the essay (1), the author mainly writes about the Great Wall in the second person. What are the advantages of this writing? (2) The third person "it" is used at the end of the sixth paragraph. What is the reason?

This question is to examine students' initial appreciation of prose expression skills. The essay The Great Wall is mainly written in the second person. The advantage of this way of writing is that it personifies the Great Wall, which is convenient for the author to talk to the Great Wall directly and express his feelings. As for the third person "it" at the end of the sixth paragraph, it is because "it" said before that "people find that the side wall is a barrier, and the purple plug is no longer wonderful" Here, the perspective has changed. The Great Wall is seen through people's eyes, rather than the author expressing his feelings directly to the Great Wall. Therefore, this transformation is natural and necessary.

Fifth, carefully organize the answers that meet the requirements.

The reading questions of the college entrance examination have always been subjective questions, and the questions are basically the same, but the knowledge points examined every year are slightly different. Judging from the requirements of the test questions and the questions to be answered, the difficulty is gradually decreasing. The most outstanding performance is that the answers to most questions have been taken care of, hinted at or even directly hinted at in the original text. This tells us that answering questions should be good at extracting key sentences from the original text and integrating them appropriately according to the requirements of the topic, so that it is possible to write concise and accurate answers that meet the requirements.

For example, the second1title of the 2003 college entrance examination paper: The fourth paragraph of this article describes the trend of generations of Chinese descendants traveling far and wide, and praises their spirit of not forgetting their feelings of mulberry, generous dedication and sharing weal and woe with the motherland. Please combine the local complex and analyze the function and benefits of this writing.

This topic focuses on the comprehensive analysis ability of students' prose reading, which is difficult to some extent. Students should first be able to find the definition of "local complex" from the first paragraph of the original text: "Everyone's heart ... will not dilute this feeling." The second step is to extract several intersections between overseas wanderers and local complex: one is the "time factor" of leaving hometown, the other is the "space barrier" of overseas, and the third is the "long and intimate" love for hometown. This is the second point in the answer: "Specifically, the local complex will not fade because of the long time (history) and the barrier of space (geography)." However, to write the other two points in the answer, we must also consider the structure, theme and other aspects.