6? 1 How to turn waste materials into treasure? [

In a corner of our life, we often hoard some waste items, which are just like chicken ribs and have little value. It's a pity to throw them away. However, it is these things that are very common and commonplace around us. When we re-examine and use them from the perspective of creation, their different materials, diverse shapes, rich colors and interesting textures will often stimulate students' infinite imagination and creativity and become good materials for students' creation. Diderot, an educational theorist, said: "Knowing what things should look like means that you are a smart person; Knowing what things actually look like shows that you are an experienced person; Knowing how to make things better shows that you are a talented person. " Personalized material selection and expression skills will make art classes interesting and encourage students to be willing to explore and be good at hands-on.

First, the types of waste.

There are many kinds of waste materials, covering all aspects of life, including food, clothing, housing and transportation. In terms of materials, there are soft materials and hard materials, such as paper, cloth, wood, plastic and metal. They each show their own aesthetic feeling of materials, such as soft and rich fabrics, crystal clear glass, soft and delicate plastic and neat and clean metal. Using waste materials for design can choose some of the most common and easily collected items in our daily life, mainly including the following categories:

Paper materials: all kinds of old packaging boxes and paper tips, such as toothpaste boxes and calendar paper;

Glass materials: old glass bottles, cups, etc.

Cloth material: all kinds of cloth heads, wool, etc.

Plastic materials: waste beverage bottles, plastic plates, plastic belts, etc.

Metal materials: iron wire, cans, small parts, etc.

Other materials: eggshells, stones, shells, straws, beans, feathers, etc.

In short, as long as we actively use our brains, give full play to creativity, make it with our heart, and use proper methods, any material can be transformed into a surprise in our hands!

The second is the reuse design of waste materials.

How to find "new highlights" in these ordinary and commonplace things is the starting point of our art classroom creation. Generally speaking, the reuse design of waste materials can be divided into two categories: decorative design and small invention design.

1. Decorative design: The demand for decorations in modern life is getting higher and higher, and people use them to beautify the environment and cultivate sentiment. Some decorations made by folk craftsmen, such as straw handicrafts, shell handicrafts, bamboo handicrafts and root carving handicrafts, are widely welcomed because of their unique sense of materials and beautiful shapes. In our art class, making various decorations with waste materials can not only cultivate our ability to feel and observe beauty, but also exercise our imagination and creativity and improve our practical ability. This is a very interesting and meaningful training. So, how should we use them to reflect their decorative beauty skillfully?

⑴ Reflected from the material: Many articles have their natural material beauty, and the decorative effect should be reflected by retaining and highlighting the main characteristics of the material beauty as an ornament. Any method that destroys their natural materials and blindly pursues modeling is inappropriate. If shells are used to make handicrafts, shells have their unique natural shapes and colors, so there is no need to render them more intriguing. If you cut and paint at will, it will only destroy the shell crafts, just like gilding the lily, not to mention the beauty of decoration.

⑵ Reflection in form: Before starting to transform the object, carefully observe and expand the association. You can try to observe its appearance from horizontal, vertical, left and right directions, and then use its original form to create, so that the decoration will be more ingenious and vivid. Many children like "painting stones" very much, which is actually "pebble painting". In our Taihu Lake and the riverside, those unremarkable and bare pebbles left us many happy childhood memories. Some of them are complete in shape, some are uneven and some are grotesque. Some of them look like birds, some look like animal faces, and some look like silhouette of people. Through the wonderful imagination and design of our children, they became "Swallow", "Lion King", "Longevity Star" and "Little Girl", and the pebbles came to life at once.

⑶ Reflected from the texture and color: the texture and color of the article itself have a strong decorative effect and a good decorative effect, such as the simple color of the straw woven fabric and the beautiful woven lines; Linen and sack cloth are rough because of their rough texture, and the wall hanging made of them has a rough and wild grassland atmosphere. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid being covered up as much as possible in design and production.

In our primary school art textbooks, there are many lively and interesting handicraft classes. On the basis of these three points, teaching students to design and use waste materials can not only better reflect the decorative beauty of works, but also further improve students' aesthetic ability.

2. Design of small inventions: People who are good at inventions have active thoughts and rich imaginations. Therefore, when instructing students to make small designs and inventions with waste materials, it is important to learn how to cultivate the methods of discovery and imagination, so that students can design and make things and methods that are unsatisfactory and inconvenient to use from their daily life, study, work and labor. Or improve existing things and methods, so as to bring convenience to others' study, life, work and labor. The following are several common design methods:

⑴ Function transformation method: Since it is an invention design, the first thing to consider is the soul of the work-function. Some waste materials have lost their original functions or they are no longer interesting. At this time, if the design only restores its function, the effect is not very good, but if it can be replaced by flowers and given new uses, it will be wonderful. In this year's art festival in our experimental primary school, under the advocacy of the theme of "building an economical campus", students used their brains to come up with many good ideas that even teachers could not think of, and made many wonderful and ingenious works by using the transformation function of waste materials. For example, a little girl in grade one used a lot of beautiful wool to wrap evenly on an empty wine bottle, and wrapped it regularly layer by layer. She also made some flowers with different patterns from old cloth ends and fine wire and inserted them in the wine bottle. A group of beautiful vase bouquets appeared in front of us. Some students are even smarter. They regard the old CD as a clock plate, write the time numbers on it, cut it into an hour hand, a minute hand and a second hand with a thin plastic piece, and then put an old movement on the back of the CD plate. A ticking little alarm clock was born! Other students use the remaining cans of drinks to cut and roll them, and make a small flower basket to put small items such as soap. This method not only inspires students' design, but also stimulates their creative enthusiasm, creating a unique "beauty" in their study and life.

⑵ Idea: Trying to combine or reduce the surrounding waste by expanding the quantity, or simply thinking in reverse, will often have unexpected good results. We can often think like this: What will happen if we get bigger? What will happen if it gets smaller? How about a little longer? What happens if you try it backwards? Through such thinking, these old useless things have changed under your thoughts and become novel and interesting things. For example, the yard at home is big, there are many flowers and trees, and the flowers can't be watered farther if you water them. What should I do? If the faucet can be as long as possible, it will be as short as possible! So, there is a retractable watering can, and the nozzle for watering flowers can be extended and shortened like the antenna on the TV set in the 1980s. Isn't it great? !

In addition, we can design by recombining or separating objects and innovating some original objects. Only by breaking the routine and grafting skillfully can we design novel works. For example, it is tiring and troublesome to mop the floor at home on weekdays, so someone invented slippers. The appearance of these slippers is the same as that of ordinary slippers, but a layer of silky chemical fiber material with anti-slip, wear resistance and strong dust-playing ability is added at the bottom, which is "long" under the sole like a mop. When you put on these slippers, you will also clean the floor when walking around the room, which becomes an "automatic sweeper"! For example, a common brush will stain books, tables and clothes. Deng Yunli, a middle school student in Pingyao County, Shanxi Province, invented the telescopic writing brush. It has more shapes than ordinary brush with cap and clip. When in use, the pen tip protrudes when the pen cap is pressed. After use, as long as the pen cap is pressed, the pen tip will automatically retract. This invention won the third prize in the National Youth Scientific Creation and Invention Competition.

These examples show that small inventions are not difficult. "Nothing is difficult in the world. "As long as you put your heart into it, you can come up with the theme and method of invention. After more practice, you can achieve the success of small inventions.

At present, the reuse design of waste materials has become an important part of building a circular economy and a conservation-oriented society in China. Proper disposal of garbage and turning waste into treasure are closely related to our lives. This activity not only inspired young people's innovative consciousness, but also improved their practical ability, enriched their cultural life, advocated young people to pay attention to environmental protection and thrift, and became a "small model" of new social civilization.