What safety measures should be taken when applying pesticides for landscaping pest control?

Chlorothalonil and mancozeb are used once every half month to mid-October. In the high temperature season from June to September, fentanin is used once every half month. Zinc, phosphorus and carbofuran are used alternately every half month. to kill underground pests. \x0d\ 1) What should be paid attention to when disinfecting? \x0d\ Those with skin allergies to pesticides or those in poor physical condition are strictly prohibited from engaging in disinfection work. ?\x0d\　When carrying out disinfection work, there must be disinfection work signs to clarify matters that customers should pay attention to. ?\x0d\ When working, workers should wear rubber gloves and masks, and pay attention to the wind direction. The spraying work should start from the downwind area, spraying high areas first and then spraying low areas. It is strictly forbidden to spray the liquid on pedestrians. Wash exposed areas of skin with soapy water after work. ?\x0d\ When carrying out disinfection operations outdoors, avoid strong sunlight at noon, and try to carry out the disinfection work in a cool and windless time on a sunny day. To prevent heatstroke or poisoning. (Specific time description selection)?\x0d\ Conducive to the effective implementation of disinfection work. ?\x0d\ When disinfecting garden plants, it is impossible to completely kill the pests and diseases at one time, so you should observe whether the pests and diseases have been controlled in time after disinfecting. If not, a make-up kill must be carried out once a week. At the same time, consider whether the selected medicine is appropriate. ?\x0d\ When garden plants are disinfected at the same time, it is strictly prohibited to use acidic pesticides and alkaline pesticides at the same time or in combination. ?\x0d\　To prevent pests and diseases from developing resistance to antibiotics, a drug should be replaced after five consecutive uses. \x0d\　2). Disinfection method? When plant leaves are mechanically damaged such as nicks, holes, or meshes, they are mostly caused by insects with chewing mouthparts such as borers and caterpillars. Use contact pesticides and gastric poisons (such as trichlorfon, dichlorvos , phosphorus, ammonium phosphorus) and other pesticides for prevention and control. When the hazard is serious, use 500-800 times the liquid for prevention and control; when the hazard is mild, use 800-1000 times the liquid for prevention and control; during prevention, use 1000-1500 times the liquid for spraying. ? When plant leaves are damaged such as deformation, curling, shrinkage, etc., they are mostly caused by systemic mouthpart pests such as aphids and scale insects. Systemic drugs (such as omethoate, dimethoate, and methamidophos) are used for prevention and control. . The required concentration is the same as above. ? When holes occur in plant trunks and there are obvious sawdust, they are mostly caused by stem-boring pests such as beetle larvae. Cotton heads can be dipped in fumigant (such as dichlorvos) to block the holes and fumigate for prevention and control. ? Plants wilting (except for lack of water) are mostly caused by pests stored underground (such as cutworms and grubs). 200-500 times of dichlorvos, trichlorfon, and clumantan can be used for irrigation control. In severe cases, the plants must be removed Carry out watering treatment. ? If the plant leaves are yellowing (except for lack of fertilizer), shrinking, discolored, or abnormal, it is usually pathological. If this occurs, chlorothalonil, carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, etc. can be used to treat pathological conditions. If the disinfection used is only preventive, lime sulfur mixture and Bordeaux mixture can be used for spraying, but this is generally only done in spring and winter. ? Sometimes when plants become sick, it is caused by the plant itself lacking certain elements or the soil being too acidic or alkaline. At this time, trace elements must be supplemented or the soil must be changed. ? Earthworm disinfecting should be carried out in rainy weather. Sprinkle the drug evenly on the surface of the soil, and then pour a small amount of water so that the drug can be fully dissolved and not seep into the soil. \x0d\　3) Management of disinfection tools? The squad leader or a designated person designated by the squad leader should be responsible for the disinfection equipment. The responsible person is responsible for regular inspection and supervision of the tools, facilities and equipment; when using them, the user should Register and inspect tools and facilities for borrowing, and confirm that there are no problems before lending them for use; Users need to clean and return disinfection tools after disinfection work. ? Strictly implement the recording procedures for receiving and returning disinfection tools. It is strictly prohibited to place tools, facilities and equipment in bicycle sheds, dormitories and other public areas. The squad leader should inspect and supervise the use of tools and facilities every time. \x0d\　4) Management of disinfectant drugs? Disinfectant drugs must be managed, distributed and used by designated personnel. If used by others, they must be approved by the squad leader and above.

? Medications being used at work must not be placed randomly and must be placed in a place where children and others cannot easily access them. ? Disposal of used medicine bottles: Do not throw them in the trash can at will. They should be disposed of by burying or incineration. ? It is strictly prohibited to place disinfectant drugs and tools in bicycle sheds, dormitories and other public areas. The squad leader should supervise the use of disinfectant drugs and keep records of the use of items. \x0d\　5) Disinfection evaluation? After each disinfection work is completed, the person responsible for the disinfection shall record the disinfection in the "Disinfection Work Record Form", and the supervisor will evaluate the disinfection the next day. The disinfecting effect is evaluated. The department must summarize the disinfection results every month and keep records. \x0d\　6) Five minor pests and their control: The five minor pests refer to five smaller sucking pests: mites, aphids, scale insects, whiteflies, psyllids, and thrips. In the past, because its occurrence was relatively minor and could not cause large-scale damage or tree death, it was often ignored by garden plant protection workers. However, if the climate is hot and dry, the five small pests will become rampant, posing a great threat to the normal growth of garden plants.　　\x0d\　Mites ——　\x0d\　1. Common species and symptoms: The more serious harmful mites include cinnabar spider mite, two-spotted spider mite, cypress spider mite, hawthorn spider mite, etc. These harmful mites have diverse feeding habits. In addition to directly causing symptoms such as chlorosis, yellow spots, brown spots, and fallen leaves on plants, they can also spread various pathogens and cause other diseases. ?\x0d\? 2． Occurrence rules: The number of generations that occur each year varies with different mite species and regions. Most common mites in the Tangshan area have about 10 generations a year. Most of the female adult mites (or eggs) overwinter in gaps in soil, weeds, bark gaps, dead branches, etc., and the next spring begins after the temperature rises in early April. Activity (or egg hatching) occurs under suitable environmental conditions, especially in hot and dry seasons. It usually causes damage on the underside of leaves. Use a stylet to puncture the plant tissue to absorb cell sap, destroying the chloroplasts, causing chlorosis and yellow spots on the leaves. In severe cases, the leaves will wither and fall off, and even the plant will die. 3． Prevention and control methods: \x0d\ (1) Strengthen cultivation management and enhance tree vigor. \x0d\　(2) From winter to before the winter eggs hatch, use a coarse brush to brush the cracks in the old bark, and then plow the soil deeply, so that the overwintering adults and eggs in the bark cracks, soil gaps, and fallen leaves are buried deep underground. Reduce overwintering pests. ?\x0d\? (3) Observe carefully and find at any time that when the number of mites is small, you can use high-pressure spraying of clean water on the back of the plant leaves. When the damage is serious, you can spray 2000 to 2500 times of erythemazolin or 1500 to 2000 times of pyridafen to achieve good control effects.　\x0d\　Aphids——　\x0d\　1. Common species and symptoms: Common species in North China include cotton aphid, peach aphid, rose tube aphid, cypress aphid, pine aphid, white hair aphid, etc. Plants affected by aphids often cause deformation of branches and leaves, spots, curling, shrinkage, slow growth, and in severe cases, leaf drop or even death. At the same time, the excrement of aphids can easily induce sooty stains. In addition, aphids can also transmit other plant viruses. ?\x0d\? 2． Occurrence rules: The number of generations that occur each year varies depending on the species, region, and climate of the year. In Tangshan area, cotton aphid and white hair aphid generally occur about 20 generations per year, green peach aphid and rose tube aphid generally occur about 10 to 20 generations per year, and cypress aphid generally occurs about 10 to 20 generations per year. Giant aphids and pine giant aphids generally have about 10 generations per year. Overwinter as eggs or adult aphids (nymphs) in weeds, bud bases, bud leaves, branch scars, and tree trunk cracks. The overwintering eggs hatch in the following spring (the overwintering adult aphids begin to reproduce on new leaves) and crawl to the backs of young leaves to cause damage (mostly at the base of leaves in coniferous trees). May, June and October are the peak periods of damage, and severe damage occurs to leaves and twigs. The top is covered with insects, and a large amount of excrement flows downward, which can easily lead to sooty disease. At the same time, the branches and leaves turn black, seriously affecting photosynthesis and ornamental value. Overwintering begins in November. ?\x0d\? 3. Prevention and control methods: \x0d\ (1) From winter to before the overwintering eggs hatch, \x0d\ manually brush out the eggs in cracks and scars below 2 meters on the trunk, and then burn them or bury them deeply. This can eliminate a large number of overwintering insect sources and save money. funds to reduce environmental pollution.

\x0d\　 (2) For places where it is inconvenient to spray pesticides, you can bury pesticides at the roots. Dig holes in three or four places within the projected edge of the plant crown at the end of April. The holes should be as deep as the fibrous roots. Apply 3% carbofuran evenly in the ditch. For granules, the dosage is based on the dry diameter of the seedlings, 4 to 6 grams per centimeter of dry diameter. ?\x0d\? (3) When the number of insects is not large, it can be rinsed with clean water. When the damage is serious, spray 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 2000 to 3000 times or 2000 times 4.5% beta-cypermethrin. \x0d\　 (4) Protect natural enemies such as ladybugs and control aphid damage.　\x0d\　Scale Insect——　\x0d\　1. Common species and symptoms: Common scale insects include Cao Lv Jie, Chui Mian Jie, Morus alba, etc. Because the scale insects are small in size, reproduce quickly, and have many types, and the larvae are protected by a waxy layer in the later stages, so it is difficult to control them, and it is difficult to control some plants. Caused serious harm. ?\x0d\? 2． Occurrence regularity: Occurrence regularity: Caolujie and Japanese turtle waxweed occur once a year in the Tangshan area. Chui Mian Jie and Mulberry Bai Jie generally have two generations a year. Eggs or adults overwinter in the soil or on stems, and hatch and lay eggs in the next spring. ?\x0d\? 3. Prevention and control methods: \x0d\ (1) Strengthen plant quarantine work and prevent and control insect-carrying plants from entering or exiting the country. ?\x0d\? (2) Strengthen cultivation and management to enhance plant resistance. In winter, the tree trunks are painted white, and the height is generally 1.1 to 1.2 meters, which can have a good control effect. \x0d\　 (3) In view of the characteristics of some scale insects (such as grasshoppers) that have the characteristics of climbing up and down the tree, grasp this period and apply a pesticide ring on the trunk: 40% omethoate of 1:1 can be used, and the width of the drug ring It is about 10 cm or tied with a poisonous weed ring. Be careful to stay away from crowded areas when applying this method. ?\x0d\? (4) When the number of insects is small, you can use a coarse brush to remove eggs and kill larvae. When the pest infestation is serious, pesticide control can be carried out in the nymph stage: spraying with 2000 to 2500 times of vitiligo or 1000 times of 50% fenitrothion, both can achieve good results. (Pay attention to spraying on sunny days and spray evenly) (5) Use natural enemies such as red-ringed ladybugs, Mongolian ladybirds, axyridis, etc. for biological control. ?\x0d\? (6) Bury pesticides at the roots, the same method as for aphids.　　\x0d\　Mealybugs and psyllids——　\x0d\　1. Common species and hazards Common ones include greenhouse whitefly (whitefly) and sycamore psyllid. The damage is manifested by piercing and sucking sap on the back of twigs or plant leaves, causing leaves to turn yellow, wilting, dry branches, and even death. In addition, large amounts of excrement or secretions can easily lead to sooty disease. 2. Prevention and control methods: \x0d\ (1) Strengthen quarantine work to prevent the spread of pests caused by the transportation of seedlings. \x0d\　 (2) For greenhouse mealybugs, you can use their tendency to yellow to trap and kill them by hanging yellow paper soaked in venom in different directions in the greenhouse, or close the doors and windows in the greenhouse and fumigate with 80% dichlorvos. The dosage is 1.5 ml/cubic meter, and it is best to keep it for one day. (Note that when entering the greenhouse after fumigation, you must open the doors and windows to ventilate before entering) \x0d\ (3) Remove weeds inside and outside the greenhouse, and provide regular ventilation and light. ?\x0d\? (4) When whiteflies and psyllids occur in large numbers, 2000 times 4.5% beta-cypermethrin or 1300 times cinmethrin emulsifiable concentrate can be used. ?\x0d\? (5) Pay attention to protecting natural enemies. Thrips are a general term for Thysanoptera insects, with many species and complex feeding habits. Common thrips in Tangshan area include thrips terminalis, which mainly harms alfalfa and other leguminous plants.　　\x0d\　 Prevention and control methods:? \x0d\　 (1) Timely clear weeds around green spaces. ?\x0d\? (2) Use drugs rationally and scientifically to protect natural enemies in green spaces. ?\x0d\? (3) When the insect population is large, spray the chemical agent 90% crystal trichlorfon 1500 times.