Briefly describe the composition of urban rail transit stations and the principles of station design (answer two questions in two paragraphs)?

1. Station composition: For urban rail transit systems, stations generally include the main body, entrances and exits, passages, ventilation ducts, wind pavilions (underground) and other ancillary buildings. The main body of the station can be divided into the following two parts according to different functions:

1. Passenger space: Passenger space can be divided into non-paying area and paid area. The non-paying area is the activity area before passengers purchase tickets and officially enter the station. The paid area includes platforms, stairs and escalators, guide signs, etc. It is a facility for waiting passengers.

2. Station buildings: Station buildings include three parts: operation and management rooms, equipment rooms and auxiliary rooms. Operation and management buildings are office buildings used by station operation and management personnel, mainly including the station master's office, train duty room, public security room, etc.; equipment rooms include ventilation and air-conditioning rooms, substations, comprehensive control rooms, disaster prevention rooms, etc. Center, etc.; auxiliary rooms are rooms set up to ensure the normal work and life of staff within the station, mainly including toilets, changing rooms, lounges, tea rooms, etc.

2. Principles of urban rail transit station design:

(1) According to the station size, type and general layout, rationally organize people flow routes and divide functional zones.

(2) The public area of ??the station should be divided into paid areas and non-paid areas. The entry and exit ticket gates in these two areas should be separated. Transfers are generally located within paid areas.

(3) The passing capacity of the station hall, platform, entrance and exit stairs and passages, lifting equipment, ticket gates, ticket gates and other parts should be adapted to each other, and the passing capacity should be determined according to the long-term ultra-peak passenger flow .

(4) Rooms with noise sources should be away from rooms with sound insulation requirements and passenger areas; for rooms with high sound quality requirements, sound insulation and sound absorption measures should be taken.

(5) Stations should consider disaster prevention design and barrier-free design.

Extended information

Urban rail transit includes: subway system, light rail system, monorail system, tram, maglev system, automatic guide rail system, and urban rapid rail system. ? In addition, with the development of transportation systems, some other new transportation systems have emerged. Urban rail has the characteristics of energy saving, space saving, large transportation capacity, all-weather, no pollution (or less pollution) and safety, and is a green and environmentally friendly transportation system.

Station in the urban rail transit network should be a place for passengers to board, transfer and wait. They should ensure that passengers can enter and exit the station conveniently, safely and quickly, and have good ventilation, lighting and sanitation. , fire prevention equipment, etc., to provide passengers with a comfortable and clean environment.

The station should accommodate major technical equipment and operation management systems to ensure the safe operation of urban rail transit. Auxiliary equipment in subway stations include: escalators, elevators, passenger guidance, lighting, ticket collection systems, station equipment automatic control systems, etc.

A subway station consists of a platform layer, a station hall layer, an equipment layer and an entrance and exit. According to the line distribution, subway platforms can be divided into: island platforms, side platforms and mixed platforms.

Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia - Urban Rail Transit

Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia - Subway Station