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1948 In March, with the hope of liberating all China, Yang Qi, a soldier of the People's Liberation Army who used to be a printer, received a special task. The nature of the task is top secret, and the content is to design the first set of RMB after the founding of New China.

At that time, in China, apart from the monetary system issued by the National Government, there were also legal tender and silver dollar in circulation, and the amount of money circulating in the vast liberated areas was even more numerous. Almost every liberated area has its own currency, such as Zhongyuan currency, Jianghuai currency, Shandong Beihai currency and so on. Solving a unified monetary system is the primary problem faced by every new regime, and so is Qin Shihuang 2000 years ago.

So at the end of March 1948, Dong, then chairman of the North China government, was appointed by the central government to develop the first set of RMB after the founding of New China, and Dong found Yang Bingchao, then president of Beihai Bank, and finally Yang Bingchao handed over the specific task to Yang Qi.

Just after receiving the task, Yang Qi said that the design and size of coins should be different from those in the old days, and they should conform to the environment at that time, so it was extremely difficult. He finally found Zhai Ying, a comrade who studied sculpture. It is hard to imagine that these two young people in their twenties can undertake such an important job. Finally, Yang Qi and Zhai Ying, as people's representatives, printed their photos on the first set of RMB permanently.

Yang Qi, 1925, from Baoshan, Shanghai. 1932, the Japanese army launched 1.28 aggression against Shanghai, which was the beginning of the first battle between Shanghai and Songsong. At that time, seven-year-old Yang Qi was carried by his parents and fled to a foreign concession in Shanghai with the whole village. Along the way, we 19 Route Army will go to the front.

Yang Qi said: He was very impressed by the 19 Route Army, because in countless marching teams, although the dress of the 19 Route Army was tattered, everyone wore a uniform hat, very young and full of energy. It was from this time that Yang Qi had the desire to join the army, but at the age of seven, he didn't know what happened to the country and people at that time.

1In the autumn of 937, Yang Qi's family, 12 years old, had been begging for a living in the concession. Although it is far from the war, it is also displaced. In September of the same year, China-US Daily was published in Shanghai, where Yang Qi was lucky enough to find an apprenticeship. It was from this so-called job that his life was completely changed. After entering China-US Daily to study typesetting, Yang Qi met several underground comrades in the same unit. At that time, Yang Qi was only 12 years old, but he already knew what family hatred was and what national hatred was.

After getting to know underground comrades, he kept asking them to send him to the team. Finally, Yang Qi came to Shajiabang, an anti-Japanese base area more than 200 kilometers away from Shanghai. But when he was young, he was worried that his mother wouldn't agree and didn't leave a word. It was the spring of 1949 that he saw his mother again after this parting. Yang Qi said: Since ancient times, loyalty and filial piety cannot be satisfactory. Without so many bloody men who resolutely rushed to the battlefield, China people can only become conquered.

However, after Elgin came to Shajiabang, he couldn't beat the enemy on the battlefield. At that time, a popular newspaper was being published in the liberated areas of southern Jiangsu, and the organizational task for Elgin was to print the newspaper. Their printing work has been carried out on the boat in Yangcheng Lake for fear of Japanese and puppet sabotage. 1941March, the Japanese troops stationed in Suzhou began to sweep the Yangcheng Lake area, and the reeds used to hide the base areas and publishing equipment were completely burned by the Japanese army. More than 30 comrades in the newspaper were trapped, and only 10 people escaped, including Yang Qi. On the way to escape, Elgin met a team of hundreds of people led by Tan Zhenlin, the commander of the 6th Division of the New Fourth Army.

Yang Qicai knew that these people were coming to save them. In the end, the New Fourth Army rescued 25 people from more than 30 trapped comrades. In the following days, Yang Qi and the comrades of the newspaper came to Wuxi to continue their work. However, only three months later, after the Japanese army swept through, the president led Yang Qi and them to burn equipment and publicity materials, and then dispersed to break through. On the way to the breakthrough, the President always took Yang Qi with him because he was still young, but unfortunately, in a mulberry field, Yang Qi and them were surrounded by Japanese troops. The president was also found and taken away by the Japanese. Yang Qi said: He still remembers the last sentence that the President said to him, that is, don't say anything and go after dark. When Yang Qi finally saw the president again, his head was cut off and hung in the gatehouse of Wuxi. This scene made him dream countless times in the next few decades.

After this incident, a female Red Army came to Wuxi to represent the organization and prepare to send Yang Qi and other young comrades back to their hometown. However, this move met with fierce resistance from Yang Qi, who said that if I was afraid of death, I would never leave home. He wants to live to avenge the president. Later, he learned that the Red Army woman was Xie Fei, the wife of Comrade Liu Shaoqi during the Long March. At that time, he was the minister of propaganda department in southern Jiangsu.

Finally, at the insistence of Yang Qi, he was assigned to the northern Jiangsu base area to be responsible for the printing of the party newspaper. But when passing by the Yangtze River, it was once again surrounded by the Japanese army. In desperation, he was rescued by an old woman in a village, and finally he escaped by pretending to be the grandmother's grandson. After the victory of liberation, Yang Qi specially came to her aunt's house to kowtow to the dead old man. After several twists and turns, Elgin finally arrived at the base area in northern Jiangsu and began to work. 194 1 year, Yang Qi's dream finally came. Due to the task, peace preservation corps was established in Subei base area, and Elgin became the monitor of peace preservation corps. The name of this class is Kid Class. Members are 14, 5-year-old children, 9 people in the class. Only three shots were fired, a total of nine shots.

Yang Qi said that he took the soldiers in his class and dreamed of going to the battlefield to kill the devils all day, but the leader finally confessed that their task was only to patrol and keep watch. This arrangement puzzled Yang Qi and the small soldiers in the class, so in June of 194 1, 10, Yang Qi led the soldiers of this class to sneak up with the troops. No one thought that it was such a little devil class that after the battle, seven Japanese soldiers were killed and two Japanese prisoners were captured. Of course, Yang Qi's left leg was also hit by a bullet, and it was not taken out until 20 10.

After that battle, the leaders saw the fighting capacity of the imp class. In the following anti-mopping-up, the imp class also achieved good results, and everyone was assigned guns. Just as Elgin was going to go further, a paper order from his superior completely ended his short fighting career. 1943 jianghuai mint built a branch in northern Jiangsu, and yang qi was assigned to work in the mint because of his excellent typesetting, engraving and printing skills. Elgin, of course, was puzzled by this order and refused to accept it, which made many emotions once affect his normal work. Finally, Ceng Shan, then the organization minister of the Central China Bureau, personally did Elgin's work. Ceng Shan said that there are hundreds of regimental cadres here, but you are the only sculptor, and your responsibility is greater than the sky. Finally, these words moved Yang Qi.

Since then, Elgin has completely broken the idea of going to the battlefield again. I threw myself into this special work with peace of mind. From 1943 to 1946, Yang Qi studied and practiced engraving and plate-making techniques intermittently in the war environment. And provided valuable financial support for the East China Bureau at that time. 1946 with the full-scale outbreak of the civil war, the former ministries of the New Fourth Army retreated from northern Jiangsu to Shandong. Yang Qi's banknote printing factory had the best and most valuable banknote printing equipment and materials at that time, and they had to evacuate all of them quickly to ensure safety.

During the transfer process, due to the large number of personnel and heavy equipment, there was a dispute over whether to go by sea or by land. Yang Qi said: It is convenient for people to escape when they are attacked by land, but it is difficult to transport equipment. It is convenient for ships to transport equipment by sea, but all the seas are Kuomintang ships. In case of encounter, it can only be a dead end. In the end, the banknote printing factory decided to divide the troops into two ways, with personnel going by land and equipment going by sea. Heading for Yan' an and Northeast China respectively. At the same time, however, the superior ordered the printing factory to ensure printing money when transferring, so some comrades such as Yang Qi led a set of equipment and carried people from the mountain road. Along the way, more than 100 comrades who were in charge of escorting Yang Qi's team were killed or injured, while 7 regimental cadres died in the whole transfer process of the banknote printing factory, and more than 120 comrades in the banknote printing factory, leaving only about 70 in the end. It can be said that every step on the road to transfer is a dead end. No one knows that in this rear battlefield, so many people have made great sacrifices for the same goal.

1March, 947, after about seven months, Yang Qi's team finally arrived at the Northeast Base, and in March,1March, 948, they worked in Shandong Beihai Bank until they received the task of manufacturing the first set of RMB in New China. After receiving the task, he and Zhai Ying came to a small mountain village in Hongning Town, Wulian County, Shandong Province, and secretly started this plate-making work. After four months of work, the template for printing money has been basically completed, but the characters on the money have not been decided according to the arrangement at that time. Finally, Yang Qi decided to make a prototype with her and Zhai Ying's heads. Soldier Yang Qi designed the shape of carrying a gun for himself, and farmer Zhai Ying designed the shape of carrying a hoe on his shoulder. Dong personally wrote the calligraphy font of China People's Bank, and finally made it.

When the first ten-yuan sample note was sent to the North China Bureau, the following reply was received: This is not a revolutionary poster, and it is not suitable for impassioned slogans. In addition, after the peace, paper money has been circulated internationally, and it is not suitable for guns to appear on it. After getting the rectification suggestion, Yang Qi and his wife began to redesign the typesetting, removed the special propaganda signs of the revolutionary period, replaced the guns with farm tools, and got inspiration from a New Year picture of the house where they lived, drawing auspicious Chinese knots and jade-like shapes around the banknotes.

1September, 948, although the war of liberation was still going on vigorously, the domestic people already knew the fate of the Kuomintang and knew that the future capital was Beijing. Therefore, Yang Qi and others designed the symbols of the Summer Palace and the Great Wall on the banknotes of 100 yuan and 200 yuan. Surprisingly, Yang Qi and Zhai Ying have never been to Beijing, although they have made molds. The Summer Palace and the Great Wall were also completed by the two of them according to the pictures in the book. At the end of 1948, Yang Qi and Zhai Yingying made four sets of banknotes, namely, ten yuan, fifty yuan, one hundred yuan and two hundred yuan. However, the reason why it was not submitted for trial again was that the other three banknotes were all landscape photos on the front, but the ten-dollar banknote was the heads of Yang Qi and Zhai Ying. As for what is finally drawn on the ten-dollar bill, the North China Bureau can't make up its mind.

With the three major battles in full swing. The time for the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC) is also imminent. Finally, Chairman Dong of North China Bureau submitted four kinds of paper money samples to the Central Committee for decision. According to Yang Qi's memory, Chairman Mao only said that it was appropriate to use farmers' heads. The people are the masters! At this point, the heads of Elgin and Zhai Ying are permanently left on the first set of ten-dollar bills.

Recalling these past events, Yang Qi is still excited. He said that he often saw some people's casual reports on the first set of RMB heroes on the Internet. Guess the characters on the paper money have some special relationship with obscure words. Yang Qi said that the behavior of such people is really irritating, and he also hopes to set the record straight through reports. After the founding of New China, Yang Qi also married and had children, and lived a happy life. However, he didn't tell these stories to his family and wife until 20 10, because the task he received when making paper money was top secret. But no one told him the time of decryption. Just like Gu in the movie Assembly, he kept a task entrusted to him 60 years ago secret for half a century.

In this way, the first set of RMB was born on the battlefield and quickly went to the whole country at a peaceful pace. Although this edition of 1955 has completed its historical mission, those who fought for freedom and ideals on the front of printing money and sacrificed their youth and blood for it will also be remembered by history forever!