Washing powder, washing liquid, natural soap powder and soap, which has the best washing effect?

First of all, we need to know the chemical composition of these four things:

1. Washing powder

There are five components in washing powder: active component, washing aid component, buffer component, synergistic component and auxiliary component. The main components are: fabric fiber scale inhibitor, anionic surfactant, nonionic surfactant, water softener, dirt suspending agent, enzyme, fluorescent agent, perfume and so on. Inferior washing powder often contains harmful components such as phosphorus, aluminum and alkali. The role of surfactant in washing powder is to make washing powder dissolve, emulsify, soak, clean, sterilize, soften, foam and antistatic. Synthetic surfactants have long been found to have side effects such as thickening hands, and now they have been regarded as a major environmental hazard. In addition, phosphorus and aluminum alkali, especially phosphorus, have been banned in some developed countries. However, many domestic chemical plants, especially some foreign-funded enterprises, are still producing such products, and their local products cannot contain these harmful substances. In China, the law is not perfect, and people's awareness of environmental protection is not strong, so they boldly add these harmful substances.

effective constituent

Active ingredients are the main ingredients in detergents. Washing active ingredient is a substance called surfactant, whose function is to weaken the adhesion between stains and clothes, so that stains can leave clothes under the action of washing water flow and mechanical forces such as hand rubbing or washing machine stirring, so as to achieve the purpose of washing clothes. Note: 1. In order to achieve good decontamination effect, washing powder should contain enough active ingredients. In order to ensure the washing effect of washing powder, the national competent department has stipulated the minimum content of active ingredients in washing powder. According to the types of active agents and products used, the content of active ingredients in washing powder should generally be not less than13%; 2. Because many surfactants have strong foaming ability, consumers can judge the quality of washing powder from the foaming situation of washing powder after it is dissolved in water according to experience; 3. Some washing powders specially used for drum washing machines have much worse foaming ability than ordinary washing powders. This is because the drum washing machine mainly relies on the mechanical force generated by the clothes tumbling in the drum to achieve the purpose of washing clothes. Too much foam in the washing liquid will greatly weaken the mechanical force generated by the tumbling of clothes, which will greatly reduce the washing effect.

Washing aid component

The builder in washing powder is the most used component, which generally accounts for 15%-40% of the total component. The main function of builder is to soften the water by binding the hardness ions contained in the water, so as to protect the surfactant and make it play its greatest role. The so-called phosphorus-containing and phosphorus-free detergents actually refer to whether the builders used are phosphorus-based or non-phosphorus-based substances. Note: 1. Some provinces and cities have formulated local laws and regulations to prohibit or restrict the sale and use of phosphate-containing detergents. 2. In the phosphate-free builder, it is recognized by the industry that a substance called zeolite can better replace phosphate. 3. In addition, there are various "cheap" phosphorus-free builders, such as sodium carbonate (soda ash), sodium silicate (water glass) and their compounds in various proportions. Because these phosphorus-free additives will eventually form water-insoluble sediments, if they cannot be effectively suspended in water, they will sink on clothes. Long-term use of this phosphorus-free detergent will cause clothes to harden and turn yellow. In order to prevent this from happening, a well-designed phosphate-free detergent should use an effective dispersant in the formula, so that the insoluble particles formed will not be deposited on clothes.

Buffer component

The common dirt on clothes is generally organic stains, such as sweat stains, food, dust and so on. Organic stains are generally acidic, and making the washing liquid in alkaline state is beneficial to remove such stains, so a considerable amount of alkaline substances are added to the washing powder. Soda soda and sodium silicate are commonly used. Note: 1. Although alkalinity is beneficial to the washing of clothes, too much alkaline substances will do harm to clothes and skin, so the state has made corresponding regulations on the alkalinity of washing powder, and qualified washing powder should meet these requirements. 2. In addition, as mentioned above, these alkaline substances will form precipitation with hard water, and too much alkaline substances will cause a lot of precipitation in the washing process, which will make the washing effect worse.

Synergistic component

In order to make detergents have better and more washing-related functions, more and more detergents contain ingredients with special functions, which can effectively improve and improve the washing performance of detergents. According to the functional requirements, there are several synergistic ingredients used in detergents: those that improve the cleaning effect, such as enzyme preparations (protease, lipase, amylase, etc. ), bleaching agent, bleaching aid, etc. Improve whiteness maintenance, such as anti-redeposition agent, dirt dispersant, enzyme preparation (cellulase), fluorescent whitening agent and resist; Protect fabric to improve fabric feel, such as softener, cellulase, antistatic agent, fixing agent, etc. Note: 1. In fact, many brands of detergents have similar main ingredients, and the secret of each product is often in these synergistic ingredients. The use of various enzyme preparations can greatly enhance the ability of detergents to clean special and difficult stains, such as blood stains, sweat stains, food oil stains, vegetable and fruit stains and so on. Bleach can decompose and remove pigment stains; Anti-redeposition agent can ensure that clothes will not turn gray and yellow after repeated washing.

accessory

These ingredients generally do not improve the washing ability of detergents, but they play an important role in the processing technology and sensory indexes of products, such as making the washing powder white in color, uniform in particles, non-caking and pleasant in aroma.

Disadvantages: the washing powder can't be completely dissolved in the use process, and the residue is easy to damage the clothes and not easy to rinse; Laundry liquid can be completely dissolved and quickly dissolved, easy to bleach and wash, and will not harm skin and clothes. Washing powder is strongly alkaline (PH value exceeds 12). Wear gloves when using it to reduce skin irritation. The PH value of laundry detergent is neutral, and the formula is mild and does not hurt hands.

Washing powder that has been dissolved in water can be absorbed by the human body through the skin. Long-term accumulation is easy to damage liver function and even cause cancer. Washing powder is an alkaline chemical detergent synthesized from sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, sodium sulfate, sodium toluiodate, sodium tripolyphosphate and carboxymethyl fiber. Frequent contact with washing powder (water) can easily make the skin keratinized and chapped; Washing your hair with washing powder will make your hair yellow and brittle; It will affect the liver function after entering the human hematopoietic system. Alkaline protease is added to enzyme washing powder to hydrolyze protein on clothes, thus playing the role of decontamination and scale removal. This alkaline protease can also decompose protein on the skin surface, causing allergic dermatitis and eczema. Clothes and quilts washed with washing powder should be thoroughly rinsed with clean water; Baby diapers, underwear, underwear and adult underwear should not be washed with washing powder (but soap or natural soap powder can be used); Washing powder is also not suitable for washing cookware and tableware. People who have been exposed to washing powder for a long time should have the necessary protection and try not to contact washing powder directly.

2. Laundry liquid

The main active ingredient is surfactant.

Surfactant refers to a substance with fixed hydrophilic and lipophilic groups and oriented arrangement on the surface energy of solution, which can significantly reduce the surface tension. The molecular structure of surfactant is amphiphilic: one end is hydrophilic group and the other end is hydrophobic group; Hydrophilic groups are usually polar groups, such as carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, sulfuric acids, amino groups or amino groups and their salts, and can also be hydroxyl groups, amide groups, ether bonds, etc. Hydrophobic groups are usually nonpolar hydrocarbon chains, such as hydrocarbon chains with more than 8 carbon atoms. Surfactants are divided into ionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants.

The technical content of laundry detergent is higher, and it is convenient to add various effective ingredients. After washing, the clothes will be fluffy, soft, smooth and shiny, and have the effects of sterilization and fragrance retention. It is widely accepted by people because of its low comprehensive cost. The waste liquid produced by washing powder can not be completely degraded in nature, resulting in eutrophication of river water and great pollution to the environment. The laundry detergent can be completely degraded and will not pollute the environment.

Disadvantages; The price is expensive! Not as easy to store and transport as washing powder!

3. Natural soap powder

The active substance of natural soap powder is mainly fatty acid, and more than 90% of its raw materials come from renewable vegetable oil.

soap

The main component is sodium stearate, the molecular formula of which is C 17H35COONa (carbon 17 hydrogen 35+ carbon+oxygen+sodium) (it can also be written as RCOONa, which is generated by the reaction of sodium hydroxide [NaOH] with alkaline grease). If spices and dyes are added to it, it will make soap with good color and flavor; If you add some drugs (such as boric acid or carbolic acid), it becomes a medicated soap.

Soap is not good for washing machine, because it is solid!

From the above, we can see that washing powder is actually the worst, but it is still the dominant position in the washing products industry today because of its convenient storage and transportation and low price. I believe that with the deepening of environmental awareness and the innovation of manufacturing technology, environmental protection products such as laundry detergent and natural soap powder will be people's first choice!