The origin of EMU!

If the power unit is installed on each carriage in a dispersed way, so that it can not only have traction power, but also carry passengers, such a passenger car is called a motor train. EMU is a combination of several self-powered vehicles and several unpowered vehicles, that is, EMU. Vehicles with power are called motor trains, and those without power are called trailers.

EMU is an efficient means of transportation for intercity and suburban railways to realize small groups and high density. It is favored by railway transportation and urban rail transit all over the world for its flexible, convenient, fast, safe, reliable and comfortable grouping.

The proportion of using motor trains is the largest in Japan, accounting for 87%; The Netherlands and Britain followed closely, accounting for 83% and 61%respectively; France and Germany followed closely, accounting for 22% and 12% respectively. EMU is a new force in railway passenger transport.

We usually see electric locomotives and diesel locomotives, and their power devices are installed on the locomotives, and many buses without power devices are hung behind the locomotives. If the power unit is installed on each carriage in a dispersed way, so that it can not only have traction power, but also carry passengers, such a passenger car is called a motor train. EMU is a combination of several self-powered vehicles and several unpowered vehicles, that is, EMU. Vehicles with power are called motor trains, and those without power are called trailers.

Germany is the first country to manufacture and use motor trains, and its manufacturing technology has always been leading. 1On July 8th, 903, the first EMU was put into operation, which was made up of four motor cars and two trailers. In August of the same year 14, the OCS EMU was put into operation, which was the first single-phase AC EMU in the world. In the same year1October 28th, 10, the three-phase AC electric vehicle manufactured by Siemens was tested at high speed, setting a historical record of 210.2 km/h. ..

There are two ways to distribute the traction power of EMU, one is called power dispersion, and the other is called power concentration.

The advantage of decentralized EMU is that the power devices are distributed in different positions of the train, which can achieve greater traction and flexible grouping. Because there are more wheelsets with dynamic braking, it has high braking efficiency, good speed regulation performance and large braking deceleration, and is suitable for lines with more speed limit sections. In addition, the traction power failure of one motor car in the train has little effect on the traction index of the whole train. The disadvantages of decentralized EMU are: many traction devices and large total weight. EMU with concentrated power also has its advantages. The power unit is installed in 2 ~ 3 carriages, which is convenient for inspection and maintenance. The total weight of electrical equipment is less than that of emus with dispersed power. The disadvantage of concentrated power arrangement is that the moving axle is heavy, which is not good for the line.

The technical development of EMU is mainly manifested in the improvement of power, speed and comfort, the reduction of unit power weight and the application of electronic technology. In the future, EMU will continue to develop, especially all countries in the world are developing the interchange between suburban railways and underground railways, forming an urban high-speed railway network, in which EMU will play a major role.

Common emus include Japan Shinkansen, Germany ICE, France TGV, Eurostar, Sweden X2000, American ACELA, China Blue Arrow, Central Plains Star, China Star, New Dawn, Hong Kong KTT…… ... ...

Name: Great White Shark

Vehicle Description: The "Great White Shark" high-speed EMU is the first centralized high-speed EMU developed by Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works in China, and it is another excellent product of a powerful locomotive family in China. The cab of EMU is designed based on ergonomics. All the operation and display devices are distributed around the driver in an arc shape. Ducted air conditioner, adjustable soft chair and electric heating glass create a comfortable and safe driving environment. Streamlined head type is adopted, the front cover is made of composite material, the front window glass is made of double-layer explosion-proof electric heating glass, and the roof is equipped with airflow guide cover, and the aerodynamic resistance coefficient is less than 0.30. The EMU consists of 1 bullet train and 6 trailers (m+t22+t11+3t12+TC). Among the six trailers, there are 65,438 double-deck second-class cars 1 car, single-deck first-class cars 1 car and three single-deck second-class cars.

Driving machinery: electricity

Power mode: power concentration

Total power: 4000kW

Design speed: 200 km/h

Experimental speed: none

Basic capacity: 424 people

Name: blue arrow

Vehicle Description: "Blue Arrow" AC drive high-speed EMU is a new generation of AC drive high-speed electric passenger train set jointly developed by Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works, Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Research Institute, Changchun Bus Works and Guangzhou Railway Group in 2000 to meet the requirements of "small series, high density and high speed" on Guangzhou-Shenzhen Railway. DJ 1 Traction "Blue Arrow" is the first power in China. The electric drive system of this vehicle adopts advanced IPM water cooling unit, 1225kW asynchronous traction motor and distributed microcomputer network control system. The circuit design adopts modular structure, which can isolate the fault part and maintain the operation of EMU. The control system adopts a highly reliable two-level hierarchical train communication network. The foundation brake adopts shaft disc brake device, which has ABS anti-skid protection function. The brake adopts DK- 1B type, which has the functions of air-electric combined braking and train air-electric braking, and cooperates with safety devices to have automatic common braking function. In the form of marshalling, the basic marshalling is 1 mobile 5 trailer 1 control vehicle (M+5T+TC), and the two train trailers are 2 mobile 10 trailer (M+ 10T+M). The basic marshalling capacity is 42 1 person, and the trailer marshalling capacity is about 800 people.

Driving machinery: electricity

Power mode: power concentration

Total power: 4800kW

Design speed: 200 km/h

Experimental speed: 305 km/h

Basic capacity: 42 1 person /800 people

Name: China Star

Vehicle introduction: The "China Star" high-speed EMU will become the main train of the Beijing-Shenyang express passenger passage in China and the short-distance high-speed train and cross-line high-speed train of the future high-speed railway. The maximum running speed of the train can reach 270km/h, which is the fastest commercial EMU in China at present. On June 27th, 2002, 165438+ China Star successfully created the highest speed of China railway of 32 1.5km/h in the comprehensive test of Qinhuangdao-Shenyang Passenger Dedicated Line. DDJ2 traction "China Star" is a centralized high-speed power car with all intellectual property rights in China, and it is the first time to adopt a double-arch streamlined front shape. The whole train consists of two moving cars and nine trailers. The 9 trailers include: 2 first-class cars, 6 second-class cars, 1 rail car. This trailer is the first aluminum alloy wide-body drum section bus in China. Comprehensive tests show that "China Star" has good stability, comfort, safety and reliability when running at high speed. The EMU adopts advanced AC -DC- AC electric traction mode, and the two power cars grouped at the beginning and the end push and pull forward and backward respectively. The EMU widely adopts advanced technologies at home and abroad, and the overall technical performance of the train has reached the advanced level of similar products abroad.

Driving machinery: electricity

Power mode: power concentration

Total power: 7000kW

Design speed: 270 km/h

Experimental speed: 321.5 km/h/h.

Basic capacity: 700 people

Name: New Dawn

Vehicle Description: The New Shuguang quasi-high-speed double-deck diesel EMU was jointly developed by Qishuyan Locomotive & Rolling Stock Works and Nanjing Puzhen Rolling Stock Works in August 1999, and put into commercial operation on Shanghai-Nanjing Railway in June/999. The EMU adopts the fixed marshalling mode of 2 moving and 9 towing 1 1 section, with the first and second sections as motor trains and the middle section as trailers. The model of the motor train is NZJ 1.

Driving machinery: driven by internal combustion engine

Compulsory mode: centralization of power

Total power: 5520kW.

Design speed:180km/h

Experimental speed: none

Basic capacity: 1 140 people.