What are the four earliest military industrial enterprises in China?

AVIC

The Aviation Industry Corporation of China (hereinafter referred to as "AVIC") is a state-owned large-scale enterprise managed by the central government and a state-authorized investment institution. In November 2009 It was established on the 6th by the reorganization and integration of the former China Aviation Industry Corporation 1 and 2. The group company has industrial sectors such as aviation equipment, transport aircraft, engines, helicopters, airborne equipment and systems, general aircraft, aviation research, flight testing, trade logistics, asset management, engineering planning and construction, and automobiles, and has more than 200 member units. , there are more than 20 listed companies with about 400,000 employees. On July 8, 2009, the American Fortune magazine announced the latest ranking of the world's top 500 companies. AVIC applied for the first time and was successfully selected, ranking 426th, becoming the first Chinese aviation manufacturing company and Chinese military industry company to enter the world's top 500. In 2011, AVIC was shortlisted for the third time among the Fortune Global 500 companies, ranking 310th. As of June 2011, AVIC's assets were RMB 500 billion. AVIC develops fighters, fighter-bombers, bombers, transport aircraft, trainers, reconnaissance aircraft, helicopters, attack aircraft, general aircraft, UAVs and other aircraft, and comprehensively develops turboprop, turboshaft, turbojet, turbofan and other series of engines and air-to-air engines. , air-to-surface, and surface-to-air missiles, and strongly shape aircraft brands such as J-10, Feibao, Xiaolong, Falcon, and Shanying, as well as engine brands such as Taihang, Qinling, and Kunlun, and provide the Chinese military with advanced aviation weapons and equipment. Aviation Industry Corporation of China regards integrating the military with the civilians and military-civilian integration as important development principles, vigorously develops the military and civilian transport aircraft industry with new concepts, new ideas, and new measures, and develops and produces MA60, MA600, and MA700 series turboprops Regional aircraft, Y-8 aircraft, Y-12 aircraft, Z-9 helicopters and other types of aircraft, we are the main developer and supplier of the ARJ21 new regional passenger aircraft and the main force in major large aircraft projects. In accordance with the concept of only partners and no competitors, we conduct extensive cooperation and exchanges in the world's aviation industry. While carrying out international cooperation projects such as Xiaolong aircraft, K8 aircraft, EC120 helicopters, and ERJ145 turbofan regional airliners, we actively participate in major international projects. In the development of aviation projects, vigorously carry out aviation subcontracting production business; integrate aviation high technology into automobiles, motorcycles, their engines, spare parts and other fields, and vigorously develop mechanical and electrical products such as gas turbines, refrigeration equipment, electronic products, environmental protection equipment, new energy equipment, etc. , and provides tertiary industry service projects such as aircraft leasing, general aviation, transportation, medical services, engineering survey and design, engineering contracting and construction, and real estate development. Aviation Industry Corporation of China is one of the leaders in China's science and technology development. It has a high-level scientific research system composed of the China Aviation Research Institute and 33 scientific research institutes; it has a large number of academicians and national experts; It is an internationally leading national key laboratory and major scientific research and test facility; it has domestic member units of AVIC China Unicom, and has remote collaborative design and manufacturing capabilities and modern information transmission capabilities.

Ordnance Industry

The People's People's Arms Industry is the earliest military industrial department created by our party and the cradle of New China's national defense science and technology industry. In October 1931, the Central Military Commission established the Central Military Commission Arsenal, the first arsenal in the history of our party, in Guantian, Xingguo County, Jiangxi Province, thus opening a new chapter in the people's military industry. During the revolutionary war years, the vast number of soldiers, engineers and soldiers were not afraid of sacrifice and worked hard, and a group of heroic models represented by "Chinese Paul" Wu Yunduo emerged, making important contributions to the victory of the revolutionary war. After the founding of New China, the arms industry deployed a large number of management cadres and technical personnel to support the creation and development of aviation, aerospace, shipbuilding, electronics and other defense industry sectors, laying the foundation for the construction of the defense industry in New China.

China Ordnance Industry Corporation was reorganized and established in July 1999 on the basis of the former China Ordnance Industry Corporation in accordance with the major decisions of the Party Central Committee, the State Council, and the Central Military Commission on deepening the reform of the national defense science and technology industry system. The group company is not only the main R&D and production base for my country's army weapons and equipment, but also provides various weapons, ammunition and equipment for the navy, air force, second artillery and other services, as well as the armed police and public security. It is a strategic basic industry for my country's national defense modernization.

Aerospace Science and Technology

China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation is a state-owned large-scale high-tech company with independent intellectual property rights and famous brands in my country's strategic high-tech fields, outstanding innovation capabilities and strong core competitiveness. enterprise. Founded on July 1, 1999. Its predecessor originated from the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense of my country established in 1956. It has gone through the historical evolution of the Seventh Ministry of Machinery Industry, the Ministry of Aerospace Industry, the Ministry of Aerospace Industry and the China Aerospace Industry Corporation.

China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation is the leading force in my country's aerospace science and technology industry and one of the first batch of innovative enterprises in the country. It has China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Academy of Aerospace Power Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, and Eight large scientific research and production consortiums including the Propulsion Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Aerospace Technology Research Institute, Shanghai Aerospace Technology Research Institute, China Aerospace Electronics Technology Research Institute, China Aerospace Aerodynamics Technology Research Institute, as well as China Satellite Communications Group Corporation and China Great Wall Industry It has 11 professional companies including the head office, several directly affiliated units, 8 regional aerospace industry bases, and 8 domestic and overseas listed companies. It is mainly engaged in the research, design, production and launch of launch vehicles, artificial satellites, manned spacecraft and strategic and tactical missile weapon systems. It specializes in international commercial satellite launch services and has the ability and experience in large-scale system engineering management. Scientific research and production bases are located in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Xi'an, Chengdu, Inner Mongolia, Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Hainan and other places. China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation also actively uses aerospace technology to vigorously develop satellite applications, information technology, new materials and new energy, aerospace special technology applications, special vehicles and parts, space biology and other key areas, forming a development pattern of military-civilian integration. For a long time, it has made outstanding contributions to the country's economic and social development, national defense modernization and scientific and technological progress.

China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation currently employs 140,000 people. It has cultivated scientific and technological talents represented by leaders in key disciplines, management talents represented by outstanding entrepreneurs, and skilled craftsmen. Five talent teams including skilled talents. Among them, there are 33 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and 67 national-level candidates for the "Hundreds and Thousands of Talents Project". While producing results and talents, the spirit of space, the spirit of "two bombs and one satellite" and the spirit of manned space were nurtured and formed, and a spirit of "putting country first, people first, winning trust with quality, and strengthening with innovation" was cultivated and formed. Core values, corporate culture with distinctive characteristics of the times and aerospace characteristics.

China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation has 11 key national defense science and technology laboratories, 20 national-level engineering research centers, 8 system-level R&D centers and more than 30 key professional R&D centers. With the goal of mastering key core technologies with independent intellectual property rights, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation has formulated a core aerospace technology plan and achieved hundreds of landmark results, which has effectively promoted the national development represented by manned spaceflight and lunar exploration projects. Establishment and development of major aerospace science and technology projects. Since the establishment of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, *** has won 43 national science and technology progress awards, including: 3 special prizes, 9 first prizes, and 27 second prizes; the number of patent applications has increased from 19 in 1999 By 2009, there were 1,780 items. In particular, the proportion of invention patents in patent applications was as high as 80.7%, ranking first among military industrial groups. In 2006, as the only military enterprise, the Group Company was included in the first batch of national innovative enterprise pilot units, and won the title of "Innovative Enterprise" in 2008; in 2007, the Group Company won the "China Industrial Enterprise Award" established by the country for the first time. Grand Prize". In 2006, the Party Group of the Group Company was awarded the title of “Advanced Collective in Creating the ‘Four Good’ Leadership Teams of National State-owned Enterprises” by the Organization Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Party Committee of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission. In 2006 and 2010, the group company was awarded the title of "Outstanding Performance Enterprise" and the "Special Award for Scientific and Technological Innovation" by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council for two consecutive terms. In recent years, the group company has also won honorary titles such as "Outstanding Brand for the 30th Anniversary of Reform and Opening Up", "National Advanced Unit for Corporate Culture Construction", and "The Most Valuable Responsibility Model".

At present, the total assets of the group company reach 155.3 billion yuan. In 2009, the group company's operating income was nearly 70 billion yuan, and its total profit exceeded 7 billion yuan. Among the existing 125 central enterprises, the group company has been in the top ten for two consecutive years in the 2008 and 2009 operating performance assessments, firmly ranking in the first echelon of central enterprises.

Currently, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation is accelerating the construction of a new aerospace science and technology industry system, accelerating the development of its four main businesses: aerospace systems, missile weapon systems, aerospace technology application industries and aerospace service industries, and actively promoting domestic and foreign exchanges. We are committed to innovation and pioneering, and strive to build a world-class large-scale aerospace enterprise group, striving to make new contributions to the country's modernization and the great cause of mankind's peaceful use of space.

Aerospace Science and Industry

China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation (hereinafter referred to as "Aerospace Science and Industry") is a state-owned large-scale high-tech enterprise directly managed by the central government. Its predecessor was established in October 1956. The Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense has successively experienced the historical evolution of the Seventh Ministry of Machinery Industry, the Ministry of Aerospace Industry, the Ministry of Aerospace Industry, the Aerospace Industry Corporation, and the China Aerospace Mechanical and Electrical Corporation. There are currently 7 research institutes, 2 scientific research and production bases, 6 listed companies, and more than 600 enterprises and institutions spread across the country. There are currently 120,000 employees, with more than 40% of all types of professional and technical personnel, forming a scientific research, production and operation management team with high comprehensive quality, refined business skills, good style and strong professionalism; it has a complete set of professional scientific research facilities production system.

CASIC takes "strengthening the military with science and technology and serving the country through aerospace" as its corporate mission. It always adheres to the core value of "national interests above all else" and vigorously develops aerospace defense technology. After years of hard work, it has established a complete It has a technology development and production system for air defense missile systems, flight missile systems, solid launch vehicles and space technology products. The products developed involve land, sea, air, space, electromagnetic and other fields. The overall level of missile weapons and equipment leads the country. , some professional technologies have reached the international advanced level. CASIC has provided the country with dozens of advanced missile weapons and equipment, created twenty "firsts" in the history of my country's national defense weapons and equipment construction, and has been involved in many major national projects such as manned spaceflight and lunar exploration projects. It has made outstanding contributions in construction and greatly improved our country's national defense strength. At the military parade celebrating the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Group's 11-type missile weapon system, 5-type equipment chassis and 4 parade floats were inspected by the party and the people, which greatly inspired the national spirit.

Aerospace Science and Industry focuses on the development concept of "great defense and great security", strives to fulfill its solemn commitment of "releasing the magic sword and harvesting peace", actively expands the development space in the non-traditional security field, and develops in information technology, A series of high-tech products integrating military and civilian aspects have been developed in equipment manufacturing and other aspects. The independently developed anti-counterfeiting tax control system, Olympic security technology system, South-to-North Water Diversion simulation system, emergency rescue and support equipment, etc. are widely used in all aspects of the national economy and social development, producing good social and economic benefits. From "Safe Olympics" to "Safe City", business opportunities are beginning to emerge. Aerospace Science and Industry serves the country's economic security and creates three major systems: "Golden Harvest, Golden Card, and Golden Shield", and has become the security technology for the Shanghai World Expo, Guangzhou Asian Games, and Shenzhen Universiade. The general contractor of the system and the supplier of large commercial aircraft in China. In the process of fighting against freezing rain and snow disasters and the devastating earthquake in Wenchuan, Sichuan, and in the process of my country's successful hosting of the Beijing Olympics, the advanced technology and equipment of Aerospace Science and Industry played a very key role, demonstrating the strong aerospace high-tech strength and the "central enterprises" The role of "backbone".

The group company is a national-level innovative enterprise; it was rated as the most innovative enterprise in China in 2009 and ranked first among the top 100 independent innovation enterprises in China; it is the first quality management company awarded by the China Quality Association to a central enterprise Innovation base; won the honor of "Most Valuable Enterprise" at the 2009 China Management Conference, etc.

CASIC is committed to taking the road of military-civilian integration with Chinese characteristics, coordinating the development of both military and civilian industries, highlighting the three major business sectors of "aerospace defense, information technology, and equipment manufacturing", and implementing military-civilian integration, innovation-driven development, and talent development. The "four major strategies" of strengthening the enterprise and winning by quality, and strive to achieve good and rapid development. Today, Aerospace Science and Industry, which carries more than 50 years of profound cultural accumulation, is making strides towards the goal of "building a world-class aerospace and defense company" with full confidence.

Introduction to China's top ten military industry groups: China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation China Aviation Industry Corporation China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation China Ordnance Industry Group Corporation China Ordnance Equipment Corporation China National Nuclear Corporation China National Nuclear Industry Construction Corporation China Electronics Technology Corporation

The formation of China's top ten military industrial groups: several government departments in the 1970s and 1980s: Ministry of Nuclear Industry, Ministry of Aerospace Industry, The Ministry of Ordnance Industry, etc., were also called the Fifth Machinery Department, the Seventh Machinery Department, etc. This is the predecessor of China's top ten military industrial group companies. Later, in the process of reform and opening up, in order to transform government functions, these departments were changed into companies, namely: China National Nuclear Corporation, China Aerospace Industry Corporation, China Aviation Industry Corporation, China Shipbuilding Corporation, and China Ordnance Industry Corporation. , these are the original five major military industrial groups. In 1997, in order to introduce an internal competition mechanism, these five major military industry groups were divided into two, forming the top ten military industry group companies.

China National Nuclear Corporation is a very large state-owned enterprise established on the basis of some enterprises and institutions of the former China National Nuclear Corporation. It is a state-authorized investment institution, operates according to the operation mode of a state holding company, and is managed by the central government . The company has a complete nuclear science and technology industrial system, consisting of 246 industrial enterprises, companies, scientific research and design institutes and public institutions. It is mainly responsible for the processing and disposal of nuclear power, nuclear materials, nuclear power, nuclear fuel, spent fuel and radioactive waste, and the processing and disposal of nuclear mines. Scientific research, development, construction and production and operation in nuclear energy and related fields such as exploration, mining and metallurgy, nuclear instruments and equipment, isotopes, and nuclear technology applications.

China National Nuclear Corporation is a large state-owned enterprise that integrates scientific research and design, engineering construction, finance and trade, and was established on the basis of some enterprises and institutions of the former China National Nuclear Corporation. manage.

China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation is a state-owned large-scale enterprise established on the basis of some enterprises and institutions affiliated to the former China Aerospace Industry Corporation. It is a state-authorized investment institution and is managed by the central government. The company mainly develops, produces, and operates various aerospace products such as space vehicles, spacecraft, various strategic and tactical missiles, and satellite ground application systems; specializes in international commercial satellite launch services; develops, produces, and operates machinery, electronics, chemicals, communications, Transportation, computers, medical, environmental protection and other civilian products.

China Aerospace Mechanical and Electrical Corporation is a state-owned large-scale enterprise established on the basis of some enterprise units affiliated to the former China Aerospace Industry Corporation. It is a state-authorized investment institution, operates as a state holding company, and is managed by the central government . The company mainly deals in various types of missile weapon systems and other aerospace products, and also deals in various civilian products such as machinery, electronics, chemicals, communications, computers and their applications, satellite applications, transportation design, medical equipment and construction.

The Aviation Industry Corporation of China (often referred to as AVIC) is a state-owned very large enterprise (also known as a central enterprise) supervised and managed by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council. It was established on November 6, 2008 by the former Aviation Industry Corporation of China. It was formed by the reorganization and integration of Industrial Group No. 1 and Industrial Group No. 2. It implements a parent-subsidiary and business division management system and includes defense, aircraft, engines, helicopters, airborne equipment and systems, general aircraft, aviation research, flight testing, trade logistics, In the asset management, engineering planning and construction, automobile and other industrial sectors, it has nearly 200 subsidiaries (branch companies), more than 20 listed companies, and approximately 400,000 employees.

China State Shipbuilding Corporation is a super-large state-owned enterprise managed by the central government established on the basis of some enterprises and institutions affiliated to the former China State Shipbuilding Corporation. It is a state-authorized investment institution with 61 member units. Providing modern equipment for our country's navy is the sacred mission of CSSC. Providing ships and ship exports for our country's shipping industry is CSSC's main business.

China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation is a large state-owned enterprise managed by the central government. It is a state-authorized investment institution with 99 enterprise and institutional member units. China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation has my country's largest shipbuilding and ship repair base and strong scientific and technological development capabilities. It can undertake various civilian-owned ships including 300,000-ton large ships, large surface and underwater combat ships, various military auxiliary ships, underwater Research, design, construction and repair tasks of weapons and related supporting equipment.

China Ordnance Industry Corporation is a very large state-owned enterprise established on the basis of some enterprises and institutions affiliated to the former China Ordnance Industry Corporation. It is a state-authorized investment institution and operates as a state holding company. The company has 133 member units, which are responsible for the development and production of military products such as tanks and armored vehicles, artillery, missiles, and artillery shells. It also develops civilian products and is engaged in machinery, chemical industry, optoelectronics, especially heavy-duty vehicles, engineering machinery, power transmission, fine chemicals, etc. The field has strong technical strength and development and manufacturing capabilities.

China Ordnance Equipment Group Corporation (officially known as China South Industrial Group Corporation) is a very large state-owned enterprise established on the basis of some enterprises and institutions affiliated to the former China Ordnance Industry Corporation. It is a state-authorized institution and asset management entity. . The group company has 76 member units including Changan Automobile Co., Ltd. and Jialing Group Co., Ltd. At present, the company has initially formed a pattern of "military-civilian integration, focusing on vehicles, and all-round development". A military scientific research and production system focusing on artillery systems, light weapons and other individual weapon systems, ammunition and other products is the core of my country's national defense construction. An important force in converting the military into civilians, a pillar civilian product system represented by automobiles, motorcycles and their parts has been formed.

China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation is a large state-owned enterprise group with independent intellectual property rights, outstanding main business and strong core competitiveness. It has 8 large-scale scientific research and production complexes, including:

China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (First Research Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Beijing)

Aerospace Power Technology Research Institute (Aerospace Fourth Research Institute) Institute of Aerospace Technology (Xi'an)

China Academy of Space Technology (Fifth Research Institute of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Beijing)

Aerospace Propulsion Technology Research Institute (Sixth Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology in the southern suburbs of Xi'an)

Sichuan Institute of Aerospace Technology

Shanghai Institute of Aerospace Technology (Eighth Aerospace Institute)

China Aerospace Times Electronics Corporation (Ninth Aerospace Institute)

Aerospace Aerodynamic Technology Research Institute (Eleventh Research Institute, formerly Aerospace 701 Institute)

In addition, there are Great Wall Industrial Corporation, China Aerospace Engineering Consulting Center and several directly affiliated research institutes, factories, companies, etc. More than 140 enterprises and institutions are distributed across the country. The group company has more than 100,000 employees, and has cultivated a scientific and technological team represented by leaders in key subject areas, a management team represented by outstanding entrepreneurs, and an industrial worker team represented by skilled craftsmen. There are 32 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation is a large state-owned enterprise directly managed by the central government. The group company has 4 business divisions, 6 large-scale research institutes, and more than 180 enterprise and institutional member units. Among the nearly 100,000 employees, various professional and technical personnel account for 40%. The group company is based on missile weapon systems, with dual-use information technology, satellites and satellite applications, energy and environmental protection, and complete sets of equipment as its main businesses. In the 46 years since its establishment, it has provided the country with a large number of missile weapon systems of different types and advanced performance, which has greatly improved our country's national defense strength and military equipment level; marked by the successful launch of the "Space Tsinghua-1" satellite, the group company has made great progress in micro satellites Great progress has been made in the field of solid launch vehicles; various aerospace products with excellent performance have become an irreplaceable and important part of the Long March launch vehicle and manned space projects; high-tech products represented by aerospace golden tax, gold card and golden shield Products have played a huge role in promoting economic construction and improving people's quality of life.