Ninth grade Chinese extracurricular reading test paper

Ninth grade Chinese extracurricular reading test paper

1. Moving towards the 3D era

①The popular Hollywood blockbuster "Avatar" is known for its immersive 3D ( 3D) effect has won praise from movie fans around the world and set off a 3D movie craze. At the same time, many people who were skeptical about 3D technology have become supporters of 3D technology, and it has made people full of endless yearning for 3D home film and television life. . 3D technology, which has been lingering outside the mainstream market, has finally sounded the clarion call to enter the home entertainment industry.

②3D is the abbreviation of tlllree-dimensioilal, which is a three-dimensional image. In essence, the technical principle is not complicated. Humans observe subtle differences in objects through their left and right eyes, thereby perceiving the existence of objects in three-dimensional space. On the screen, as long as the picture seen by the left eye and the right eye is not one image, the entire picture will become three-dimensional.

③3D technology has developed rapidly in commercial applications. More and more 3D stereoscopic theaters will be invested in and built, and the number of 3D movies will also increase greatly. While 3D technology is developing rapidly, the mutual penetration of film, television, music, animation and online games has made 3D technology more powerful than ever in the field of consumer electronics. The trend of using 3D technology in consumer electronics has become very obvious.

④3D technology is not only accepted by the film industry, but also popular in the television field. Nowadays, various TV manufacturers are taking the opportunity to promote 3D TVs, hoping to lead the development trend of flat-panel TVs in the future. Television media are also rushing to introduce this advanced visual technology into sports broadcasts. The Premier League match started at 17:00 pm on January 31, 2010 local time in the United Kingdom. Arsenal faced Manchester United at home for the top spot. It has become the first sports game in British sports history to be broadcast by 3D technology.

⑤ In addition, 3D digital cameras and 3D digital photo frames were commercialized at the end of last year. 3D digital cameras can superimpose the same scene with dual lenses to produce three-dimensional images, or use the 3D function to compare different color modes. The 3D digital photo frame uses the principle of polarization to refract different images to both eyes at the same time. It can even act as 3D glasses to make ordinary photos three-dimensional. In January this year, Panasonic exhibited the world's first high-definition 3D camera, and its dual-lens design can be said to be very unique. Panasonic integrated the lens, camera front and dual memory card memory into one unit, making the body lighter and more flexible for users when shooting handheld. At the same time, the machine can automatically correct images and directly record 3D images without using any additional equipment.

⑥However, it will still take some time for the true 3D era to arrive. At present, although we can go to cinemas to experience 3D movies

, the resources are quite limited. 3D TV also faces the same problem. Without 3D program content, 3D TV is just a decoration. The formulation of technical standards is also a practical problem that needs to be faced and solved. In addition, health and safety are also difficult problems that 3D display technology urgently needs to overcome. Research results show that when viewers watch three-dimensional images, their eyes will move back and forth quickly, which can easily cause eye fatigue. Therefore, we still need to wait patiently for the visual enjoyment brought by lifelike 3D stereoscopic images.

1. Paragraph ①) of the selected article begins with the Hollywood blockbuster "Avatar". What is the purpose?

2. Read paragraph ② and define 3D in simple language. .

3. Combined with the meaning of the text, what are the constraints on the arrival of the true 3D era?

4. In what other fields can 3D technology be applied in the future? Please use your imagination and give examples Explain with an example.

2. The spatial beauty of garden architecture

① The artistic processing of garden architecture is the art of processing space.

②Chinese gardens are very developed. Next to the three main halls of the Forbidden City in Beijing, there are the Three Seas, and in the suburbs there are the Old Summer Palace, the Summer Palace, etc., which are the emperor's gardens. Old-fashioned folk houses always have patios and yards, which can also be regarded as a kind of small garden.

③ In the Song Dynasty, Guo Xi discussed landscape painting and said, "Landscapes have things that are feasible, things that are promising, things that you can swim in, and things that you can live in." Feasible, promising, travelable and habitable are also the basic ideas of garden art. There are also buildings in the garden, which must be able to house people and provide people with rest. However, they are not just for housing people. They must also be travelable, feasible and desirable. "Hope" is the most important. All art is "looking" and appreciating. Not only "traveling" can play the role of "looking" (the corridor of the Summer Palace not only guides us to "travel", but also guides us to "look"), even "living" also requires "looking". Windows are not only for letting in air, but also for being able to look out and see a new realm, so that we can gain a feeling of beauty.

④ Windows play a very important role in the art of garden architecture. With windows, communication takes place between inside and outside. The bamboos or green mountains outside the window are like a painting when viewed through the window frame. There are windows on almost all four sides of the Leshou Hall in the Summer Palace. There are many small windows lined up on the surrounding white walls, facing the lake view. Each window is equivalent to a small painting. And from the same window, the scenery is different from different angles. In this way, the realm of painting increases infinitely.

⑤ There is a poem written by people in the Ming Dynasty that can help us understand the aesthetic function of windows: A piano is played and several bamboos are played, and the green is outside the window. There is no one behind the curtain, and the spring breeze blows in.

⑥This small room is isolated from the outside, but it is connected to the outside through the window. No one appears, which highlights the spatial beauty of this small room. This poem is like a still life painting, which can be appreciated as a still life painting of several apples painted by Cézanne.

⑦ Not only corridors and windows, but also all buildings, platforms, pavilions, and pavilions are all for "viewing", to gain and enrich the feeling of the beauty of space.

⑧There is a plaque in the Summer Palace called "Mountains and Lakes ***First Floor". This means that this building absorbs the scenery of a large space. This is the meaning of Su Shi's poem "Thanks to the tall buildings that can gather people far away, and temporarily clean up the idle people". There is also a pavilion in the Summer Palace called "Painting in the Middle". "Wandering in the middle of the painting", and said that the pavilion itself is a painting, saying that the large space outside the pavilion is like a big painting. When you enter the pavilion, you will enter the big painting. Therefore, Ji Cheng of the Ming Dynasty said in "Yuan Ye": "The pavilions are high and bright, and the windows next to them are empty. It takes in the vast ocean of thousands of hectares and absorbs the radiant beauty."

⑨ In summary, Chinese gardens The spatial beauty of architecture should be like what Shen Fu said: "In the big, you can see the small, in the small, you can see the big, there is reality in the void, there is void in the reality, it may be hidden or exposed, it may be shallow or deep..." This is also common in China. characteristics of art.

5. In the author’s opinion, in addition to following the ideas of the People’s Republic of China, Chinese garden architecture should especially meet the requirements of the People’s Republic of China.

6. Read paragraph ③ of the article. Please briefly describe what are the two main functions of windows in Chinese garden architecture?

7. Tell us about paragraph ⑦ of the article. What role does it play in the structure of the full text?

8. Based on the relevant knowledge provided in this article, talk about why the patios and yards of old folk houses can also be regarded as a kind of small gardens?

9. Please fill in a set of corresponding related words in the horizontal line of paragraph ⑧ of the article.

10. Accumulate links: When we were in primary school, we once learned a "quatrain" by Du Fu. Two lines of the poem describe the "hopeful" aesthetic effect of doors and windows. Please write down the relevant verse.

3. Food should not be too hot.

The mouth and esophagus are afraid of being hot, and hot drinks and hot foods will cause damage. Epithelial hyperplasia can lead to malignant transformation, so don't be too busy eating or drinking soup.

Temperature has many subtle effects on people. Life has its own optimal temperature during evolution. The higher the degree of evolution, the stricter the requirements for the optimal temperature. Human body temperature is 37. At around C, metabolic activity is at its best, and human cells are less tolerant to high temperatures than to low temperatures. Heat also has subtle biological effects on tumor cells. Many experiments have proven that the lethal temperature critical point of tumor cells is 42.5. C～43. C. Within this temperature range, extending the heating time can inhibit the growth of tumor cells, thus producing thermotherapy to treat tumors.

But everything has two sides. Epidemiological surveys have found that esophageal cancer, cardiac cancer, and oral cancer in some areas may be related to hot drinks and hot food, which means that some mucosal epithelial tumors may be "hot".

The Kazakhs in Xinjiang, my country, like to drink hot milk tea several times a day; residents in the Chaoshan area on the southeast coast like to drink "Kung Fu Tea" and drink it while it's hot; people in the Taihang Mountains are accustomed to drinking large bowls of porridge while it's hot. ①These areas are the areas with high incidence of esophageal cancer in my country. Of course, the causes of tumors are complex and not a single factor. Epidemiological surveys show that the high incidence of esophageal cancer in Taihang Mountains is not only related to hot food, but also related to dietary characteristics such as thick, fast, and hard food.

Research has found that the human body is at 37. When the temperature is around C, the temperature of the mouth and esophagus is mostly 36.5. C～37.2. C, the optimal eating temperature is 10. C~40. Around C, the maximum temperature it can tolerate is generally 50 degrees Celsius. C～60. C. When it feels very hot, the temperature is usually around 70. About C. ② People who often eat hot food do not feel hot even when the temperature is very high, but when exposed to 75. When eating hot food or drinks around C, the delicate oral and esophageal mucosa will be slightly burned. The burned mucosal surface will fall off and renew in time, and the basal cells will rapidly proliferate, renew, and replenish. Over time, the proliferating cell speed will be as Abnormally accelerated or mutated under adverse stimulation, ultimately producing adverse consequences. In addition, because the mucosa will thicken as thermal stimulation continues to increase, the thickened mucosa will become less and less sensitive to thermal stimulation. In addition, the nerve reflexes of the esophageal mucosa are inherently slow and pure, making them less and less afraid of heat. The less afraid of heat, the more likely you are to eat hot food, and the hotter you eat, the thicker your oral mucosa will be. In such a vicious cycle, people will involuntarily accept more and more severe burn stimulation. The damage caused by this kind of stimulation may also cause esophagitis that cannot be cured for a long time. This kind of esophagitis is sometimes accompanied by anaplastic cells. Some people suggest that this may be one of the precancerous lesions. Researchers have found that esophageal cancer is often complicated by esophagitis, and esophagitis often precedes esophageal cancer by 10 years.

Hot drinks and hot foods are not only related to the occurrence of tumors, but are also detrimental to the digestion and absorption of food. Food that is too hot will remain in the mouth for a short time, stimulating reduced saliva secretion, and the mixing process of saliva and food is insufficient, which is not conducive to the digestion and absorption of food. In addition, warm stimulation can mask the full experience of taste, making it often difficult to savor the delicious taste of various foods.

Eating too hot food is a bad living habit from the perspective of cancer prevention or general dietary hygiene. Efforts should be made to correct it, especially those with a family history of esophageal and cardiac cancer, and they should change course as soon as possible.

It is delicious when eaten warm and cold, but it is safe to eat it hot.

11. What is the role of starting the article with four lines of poetry?

12. Read the full text carefully and talk about the harm of "hot drinks and hot foods" to the human body? These conclusions are: Through what means?

13. What kind of explanation method is used in each underlined position? Please choose one to explain its function.

14. Can the word "possible" be deleted from the article sentence "Epidemiological survey found that esophageal cancer, cardia cancer, and oral cancer may be related to hot drinks and hot foods in some areas"? Why?

IV. Are you "low-carbon" today?

① Taking stock of the keywords in 2009, "low-carbon" is undoubtedly one of the words that people are familiar with. Concepts such as "low-carbon economy", "carbon trading" and "carbon sink" are increasingly entering public life.

② The so-called low carbon refers to lower (lower) greenhouse gases (mainly emitted by carbon dioxide). Low-carbon life as a way of life actually refers to reducing carbon dioxide emissions, low energy, A low-consumption, low-expense lifestyle. The most fundamental factor in realizing "low-carbon life" is people. Every citizen should start from every aspect of daily life and change their inherent living habits. Be a practitioner of "low-carbon life" and implement it in various consumption areas such as food, clothing, use, housing, and transportation.

③Low-carbon life is a way of life and a social responsibility. The significance of one person saving one kilowatt hour of electricity or one cup of water may not be obvious, but if everyone consciously practices it and gathers together, the benefits cannot be underestimated. Take the use of plastic bags as an example. It has been more than a year since the plastic restriction order was implemented. The use of plastic bags in supermarkets has been reduced by about 2/3, which is equivalent to saving 2.4 million to 3 million tons of oil and reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 1.2 million to 1.5 million tons. Take last summer's promotion of raising the air conditioner temperature as an example. According to calculations, when the air conditioner increases from 24°C to 26°C. Beijing alone can save more than 400 million kilowatt-hours of electricity consumption and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 350,000 tons.

Pure numbers can only illustrate the benefits of pooling efforts, while extensive publicity campaigns will awaken the public's awareness of environmental protection. Looking back on the 2009 "Lights Out for One Hour for the Earth" event, the Chinese people showed unprecedented attention and support. On the evening of March 28, 2009, 20:30_-21:30. The gorgeous lights of many night view projects were extinguished instantly, and the sudden darkness and silence made people feel even more beautiful and shocking. It also demonstrated the silent support of the general public for energy conservation, emission reduction, and response to global climate change. Perhaps the energy saved by this activity cannot be accurately calculated, but the publicity and demonstration effect produced by it is far greater than the significance reflected by the simple numbers.

④ Low-carbon life is a concept guidance and a conscious action. Whether it is led by the government or participated by the media, efforts should be made to create a public opinion atmosphere for a "low-carbon" environment, popularize the scientific and technological knowledge of low-carbon life to every citizen, and advocate citizens to develop a low-carbon lifestyle. For example, we encourage "public transportation priority" and promote demonstrations of energy-saving and energy-saving vehicles; drive fewer private cars and improve the bicycle rental service system in pilot urban areas; and compile a "Low-Carbon Living Family Behavior Manual." Not only tell people what you can do for low carbon, but also tell people how you can do it. The Chinese people have had the fine quality of diligence and frugality since ancient times. With a little guidance, they will form a cultural consciousness and produce huge social benefits. The care and love for our home planet is actually the care and love for human beings themselves. This is the value of low-carbon life.

⑤Low-carbon life is a living habit and an environmental protection concept. At the moment, you might as well start with the 7 small suggestions put forward by the United Nations Environment Program in 2008 for individuals to adopt a "low-carbon lifestyle" - use traditional wind-up alarm clocks instead of electronic clocks. Reduce carbon emissions by approximately 48 grams per day; use a traditional toothbrush instead of an electric toothbrush. Carbon emissions can be reduced by 48 grams per day; changing a 45-minute exercise on an electric treadmill to jogging in a nearby park can reduce carbon emissions by nearly 1,000 grams: taking rail transit to a place 8 kilometers away can save 1,700 grams compared to taking a car Grams of carbon emissions: Not using a washing machine to dry clothes can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 2,300 grams; turning off computers and monitors during lunch and after get off work not only saves electricity, but also reduces carbon dioxide emissions from electrical appliances by one-third. 1. Switching to a water-saving shower head can not only save water, but also reduce the carbon dioxide emissions caused by a three-minute hot shower by half. Low-carbon life can not only accurately calculate the carbon dioxide emissions in people's lives. And he can prove it through the changes in the details of his life: climate change is not only a matter of concern to government officials, experts and scholars, but is also closely related to everyone.

15. This article is an explanatory text. What is the central content of its explanation?

16. The three examples in paragraph ③ are given to illustrate ______________________________________.

17. The underlined sentences in the article use a variety of explanation methods. Please point out two of them and explain their functions.

Description method ( ) function: __________________________________________________

Description method ( ) function: __________________________________________________

Material link

China Ministry of Environmental Protection Press Statement Tao Detian informed the media on April 20 that the Chinese theme of the 2010 "Sixth Five-Year Plan" World Environment Day is "Low Carbon Emission Reduction and Green Life", calling on the public to start from me and contribute to building ecological civilization and building an environment-friendly society.

18. (1) Combined with the original text, use concise language to explain the meaning of "low-carbon emission reduction" advocated by the government in the linked material.

(2) Please write a slogan advocating "low-carbon life" for the "Sixth Five-Year Plan" World Environment Day.