Tips on garbage sorting for middle class students

1. What are some tips on garbage classification?

The benefits of garbage classification

The benefits of garbage classification are obvious. After the garbage is sorted, it is sent to the factory instead of the landfill, which not only saves land, but also avoids the pollution caused by landfill or incineration, and can also turn waste into treasure. For example, waste batteries are called "micro-killers". It is well known that batteries in daily life contain heavy metals such as mercury or cadmium. If these heavy metals are left underground, they will easily enter the groundwater through rainwater leaching and have a negative impact on water resources. and land causing severe persecution. However, waste batteries contain a variety of useful metal minerals, and their recycling value is very high. Because of the serious hazards and special recycling value of waste batteries, many countries strictly prohibit them from being mixed with garbage. Japanese communities have special yellow buckets to put button batteries and other materials separately. Another example is biological waste such as leftover lettuce, eggshell peels, vegetable leaves and other kitchen waste, which can be used to make good organic fertilizers. For example, the Da Nameng biological waste treatment machine in Huaibaishu Community can dry and crush biological waste to make efficient organic fertilizer. Residents can use it to grow flowers and grass. The vegetables grown using them are safer and healthier than food grown with chemical fertilizers, and are quite popular in supermarkets. Biological waste usually accounts for 40% of the total waste. If they can be turned into organic fertilizer, it will not only save land used for landfills, but also save vehicles and energy to transport them, and prevent them from breeding mosquitoes, flies and bacteria.

Therefore, there are many benefits to garbage classification.

Introduction to environmentally friendly classified trash cans

Generally speaking, common environmentally friendly classified trash cans are divided into green, yellow, and red.

The green ones are for recyclable garbage: paper, plastic, rubber, metal, glass, etc.

Yellow is non-recyclable garbage. Non-recyclable garbage: mainly kitchen garbage, including fruit peels, vegetable

peels, leftovers, etc.

Put away toxic and hazardous waste in red Toxic and hazardous waste: batteries, fluorescent lamps, mercury thermometers,

paint buckets, medicines, cosmetics, etc.

Promotional slogans about garbage classification

1. There are many benefits to garbage classification, and environmental protection depends on you and me 2. Please find a suitable home for the garbage

3 .If garbage can be turned into treasure, sorting and recycling is indispensable. 4. If everyone is willing to sort, garbage can also be turned into gold. 5. Garbage classification can be done with a little effort

6. Divide the garbage into a small part, and the environment will be beautiful

7. A little effort, a sustainable source of resources

8. Throw away "white pollution" and become "white resources" 9. Develop civilized dining habits and reduce kitchen waste 10. Garbage Children need to separate their families, and it is up to everyone to live and work in peace and contentment

2. Ask for some knowledge on garbage classification

Recyclable garbage

Mainly includes waste paper, plastic, glass, and metal and fabrics in five categories. Waste paper: mainly includes newspapers, periodicals, books, various packaging papers, office paper, advertising paper, cartons, etc. However, it should be noted that paper towels and toilet paper cannot be recycled because they are too water-soluble. Plastics: Mainly include various plastic bags, plastic packaging, disposable plastic lunch boxes and tableware, toothbrushes, cups, mineral water bottles, toothpaste wrappers, etc. Glass: mainly includes various glass bottles, broken glass pieces, mirrors, light bulbs, thermos bottles, etc. Metal objects: mainly include cans, cans, etc. Fabrics: mainly include discarded clothes, tablecloths, face towels, school bags, shoes, etc. Through comprehensive processing and recycling, pollution can be reduced and resources saved. For example, every ton of waste paper recycled can make 850 kilograms of good paper, save 300 kilograms of wood, and reduce pollution by 74% compared with the same amount of production; every ton of plastic beverage bottles recycled can obtain 0.7 tons of secondary raw materials; every ton of scrap steel can be recycled Smelting 0.9 tons of steel, saving 47% of the cost compared with ore smelting, reducing air pollution by 75%, and reducing water pollution and solid waste by 97%.

Kitchen waste

Including food waste such as leftovers, bones, roots and leaves, peels, etc., which are composted on-site through biotechnology and can produce 0.3 tons of organic waste per ton. fertilizer.

Hazardous waste

Including waste batteries, waste fluorescent tubes, waste mercury thermometers, expired medicines, etc. These wastes require special safe treatment.

Other garbage

Including bricks, ceramics, slag, toilet waste paper, paper towels and other waste that are difficult to recycle in addition to the above categories of garbage. They are usually incinerated according to the characteristics of the garbage. Or disposed of in landfill.

3. Tips on garbage classification

Judging from the methods of classifying domestic waste in various cities at home and abroad, they are generally based on the composition and production volume of garbage, combined with local garbage Classify resource utilization and processing methods. For example, in Germany, it is generally divided into paper, glass, metal, plastic, etc.; in Australia, it is generally divided into compostable garbage, recyclable garbage, and non-recyclable garbage; in Japan, it is generally divided into combustible garbage, non-burnable garbage, and so on. Today, domestic waste in China can generally be divided into four major categories: recyclable waste, kitchen waste, hazardous waste and other waste. Currently commonly used garbage disposal methods include: comprehensive utilization, sanitary landfill, incineration for power generation, composting, and resource return.

Recyclable garbage

Mainly includes five categories: waste paper, plastic, glass, metal and cloth.

Kitchen waste

Including leftovers, bones, roots, leaves, peels and other food waste

Hazardous waste

Including waste batteries, waste fluorescent tubes, waste mercury thermometers, expired medicines, etc. These wastes require special safe handling.

Other garbage

In addition to the above categories of garbage, including bricks, ceramics, slag, toilet paper, paper towels and other difficult-to-recycle waste, hygienic landfilling can be effective Reduce pollution to groundwater, surface water, soil and air.

4. Little knowledge about garbage classification

Knowledge about garbage classification

In Germany, throwing away garbage is very particular. If you accidentally throw it in the wrong place, the entire community may suffer. I have been studying in Germany since 2002, pursuing a master's degree in environmental engineering. After school, I also worked in a garbage recycling company, and I personally felt the importance that Germans attach to environmental protection.

It took me a month to figure out how to throw away garbage

Germany has the highest garbage recycling rate in Europe, and the garbage classification system is also very complicated.

Domestic waste can be divided into 5 major categories: organic waste, recyclable packaging, paper, glass products and batteries. Different garbage is collected by different garbage bins, and in order to facilitate collection, the garbage bins are often placed in different places. The first thing I did after finding a house in Germany was to ask my neighbors for advice on how to properly throw away garbage. It took me a whole month to fully understand it.

Trash cans are rarely open-top, and most are of sliding-lid design. When throwing away garbage, push the lid open with force. The lid will automatically return to its original position after you let go. This has two benefits: First, it prevents rainwater from falling into the box and turns the trash can into a water tank. Secondly, it can reduce the odor escape.

Trash cans on the street are usually covered with plastic bags in yellow and blue colors. The former collects recyclable waste such as paper packaging, while the latter accommodates household waste such as fruit peels.

The trash can in the kitchen is generally required to be covered with a blue plastic bag. The usual leftover meals, melon peels and fruit scraps, etc. are thrown here. When the bag is full, tie it into a knot and carry it to a designated place outside the house. The cleaning staff will know how to sort and dispose of the plastic bag just by looking at its color.

For organic waste (food, etc.), Germany usually incinerates or buries it, but since 2005, the European Union has banned landfilling of organic waste. Incineration causes little pollution, and the heat can be used to generate electricity or heat. There is usually a green box next to the organic trash can, which is where paper is thrown. Unnecessary waste paper, newspapers, magazines, books, etc. are thrown there.

However, it should be noted that cartons and cartons cannot be thrown in. Because they are recyclable packaging, they should be thrown into special yellow plastic bags. Chinese people who have just arrived in Germany often don’t know this. This kind of plastic bag with an eye-catching recyclable logo can be obtained for free from the nearest post office and supermarket. Other recyclable packaging such as can shells, plastic boxes, etc. can be placed in this bag regardless of their material as long as they are printed with a recyclable logo.

There is a box at the door of every supermarket in Germany to collect used batteries. Glass bottles and jars are thrown into different trash bins according to color. Glass trash bins usually come in groups of three, and the bins are marked with eye-catching color signs: brown, green, transparent and colorless to remind you not to throw away the wrong ones.

We won’t do it again if it happens a second time

The vast majority of German people support Germany’s complicated garbage classification. A friend of mine is studying at the University of Dresden. He said that when he first arrived in Germany, he lived in a student apartment. Since he didn’t have this habit in China, he mixed the garbage together and threw it out. One day, he saw the dormitory administrator wearing gloves opening his discarded garbage bags and resorting them. He was shocked and ashamed.

If you don’t follow these rules, trouble will come. Once, I was working in a garbage recycling company and followed my colleagues to a community. A German colleague opened a yellow plastic bag that said it was recyclable and found a large ball of moldy flour inside. Because the flour was too heavy, it burst the plastic bag. It was sprinkled all over the ground. According to regulations, flour should be packed in blue bags. Soon, the staff posted a warning sheet at the door of the community with the following meaning: Someone in your community littered and made a mistake. Now the first warning is issued. If it happens a second time, we will not come back.

I heard from the Germans that once the garbage recycling company occurs for the second time, the garbage collection company will "***" punish the entire community. The community management personnel have to spend a lot of energy to coordinate, so everyone is extra careful.

The salary of German cleaning workers is generally 12 euros per hour, which is about 3,000 euros a month, which is no lower than that of office white-collar workers. (Source/"City Express")

5. Let children learn how to classify garbage

"Mom, peels should be placed in the green kitchen waste bin, and beverage bottles should be placed In the blue recyclable trash can, the paper should be placed in the black other trash can, and the used batteries should be placed in the red hazardous trash can." After school at noon on May 16, Class 4 of the county kindergarten Ya Ya. A child held her mother's hand, pointed her little finger at the trash cans of different colors, and spoke to her mother seriously.

One point of garbage separation, ten points of beautiful environment. In order to better promote the classification and disposal of domestic waste and guide children to correctly identify and put away garbage, the county government kindergarten started with publicity and education, combined with actual conditions, organized all teachers in the kindergarten to conduct garbage classification knowledge training and practical exercises, and actively carried out "Thanksgiving to Nature" , Give back to nature, I take the lead in garbage classification" theme series of activities, equipped with special garbage classification bins, placed in classrooms, offices, corridor corners, kitchens and other places, promoting the effective implementation of garbage classification work.

Kindergarten children are young and illiterate. How to make children understand the types of garbage and dispose of it correctly is the most important thing that kindergartens need to do in garbage classification. In the theme education of children's garbage classification knowledge, the county government kindergarten created a garbage classification theme wall in each classroom to create a garbage classification environment atmosphere. Through PPT animations, garbage can body logo patterns, garbage can color classification, small garbage classification, Stories, "Little Trash Can" melodrama performances, children's paintings and other light and lively forms are both educational and entertaining, allowing children to better understand the types of garbage, and through on-site practical training, they can help children dispose of garbage correctly.

At present, most children in government kindergartens can accurately distinguish what type of basic garbage in daily life belongs to which color trash can. The reporter randomly interviewed several children on campus, and the children's answers were accurate. Suo Linzhuo from Guoguo Class 1 told reporters: "I had to tell my mother about the garbage classification knowledge I learned at school when I got home. Because there were no classified trash cans at home, I drew a sign myself and posted it at my house. "He helped his mother sort the garbage on the trash can." The child's young face showed a proud look.

In addition to cultivating children's awareness of garbage classification, government kindergartens also pay attention to home education, using LED displays, home contact columns, publicity display boards, and issuing letters of advice to parents to carry out extensive "garbage classification" "Into the Family" publicity and practice activities promote the basic knowledge of garbage classification and disposal to parents, and use small hands to hold big hands to mobilize parents and children to work together on garbage classification, garbage reduction and garbage reuse.

In the government kindergarten, the clean and tidy campus environment makes people feel very comfortable. Groups of small and exquisite trash cans can be seen everywhere. The garbage classification patterns on the buckets are very clear, becoming a unique scenery on the campus. .

In the distance, the cleaning aunt poured the green leaves she had just cleaned into the "wet garbage" bucket; in the classroom, the children threw the remaining banana peels from the meal into the "kitchen waste" bucket, and the paper scraps generated during class Put it in other trash cans...

Deputy principal Shi Fen told reporters: "Protecting the environment is everyone's responsibility. Garbage classification is not something that happens overnight. We have incorporated garbage classification into the teaching of young children. In the plan, through continuous learning and practice, children will develop good habits of garbage sorting from an early age, make garbage sorting a normal practice, and contribute to protecting the environment. ”

< p> 6. Ask for a science lesson plan for large classes on garbage classification "Wet Waste" (kitchen waste)

Activity objectives

Understand the meaning of "garbage classification"

Understand the classification of garbage

Be able to learn how to classify and place garbage in daily life, and improve the ability to analyze, classify and compare

Key points and difficulties

Key points: Know the garbage Simple classification, understand the meaning of "garbage classification"

Difficulty: Classification and processing of domestic waste

Activity preparation

Experience preparation: Have done landfilling Experiment on growing flowers with waste batteries

Material preparation: making paper mache tools, physical garbage and three trash cans, video recorder, paper and watercolor pens

Activity process

1. Introduce the topic

Question: What is garbage? Why do sanitation workers clean up garbage every day? How should we deal with the garbage we picked up today? Why?

2. Understand the decay and decay of different garbage Reuse

1. Understand organic waste

①Question: What are the uses of vegetable leaves and other garbage after they rot (Learning word: organic waste) What other organic waste is also?

② Watch video 1, recall the changes of vegetable leaves, and understand that vegetable leaves and other garbage will rot in the soil. These garbage can slowly be turned into fertilizer, allowing other plants to grow better.

2. Understand harmful and toxic waste

① Watch video 2, observe the changes in plastic bags, compare them with the changes in vegetable leaves, and draw the conclusion: plastic bags will not rot , will only accumulate more and pollute the environment, causing white pollution. It will be dangerous for animals to accidentally eat it. We call these garbage harmful garbage, so we should try not to use these things or use them as little as possible to protect the environment.

② Question: We children all know that there is another kind of poisonous garbage. What is it? Who can tell us the harm of waste batteries to us? ③ Watch video three to understand the poison of waste batteries. Know that batteries require special handling.

④Question: What other types of toxic and harmful garbage are also toxic and hazardous?

3. Children observe teachers doing paper pulp experiments and learn about recyclable garbage.

Question: What did the teacher do? What did you find?

Draw the conclusion: Paper can be turned into pulp to make new paper, and paper can be recycled. (Learning words: recyclable garbage)

Question: What other recyclable garbage

3. Garbage classification

1. Ask children to design organic garbage, toxic garbage Hazardous waste, recyclable waste signs.

2. Ask children to sort the garbage into three buckets.

Activity extension

Invite children to look for some garbage information that cannot be classified. Place garbage sorting bins in a corner of the activity room to help children continue to learn to classify and dispose of garbage in their daily lives.

Activity Analysis

1. Design Intention

This lesson is the theme activity - the third activity in garbage. Two activities have been done before. This is an experiment, so this lesson is a summary of the entire theme activity and a refinement of key contents. In this activity, it is mainly accomplished by watching videos, recalling the experimental process and results, and doing experiments. This is mainly due to the intuitive nature of children's understanding of things, and also taking into account children's great interest in watching videos and doing experiments. Several children have come to me and asked me when they can watch experimental videos. The intuitive video can attract children's attention and generate great attention to the content. At the same time, the experiment is very operable and practical, allowing children to gain common sense about garbage through personal experience. The focus of this class is on cognition and skills, mainly to let children understand the different characteristics of garbage, so as to learn how to classify garbage.

2. Effect Analysis

Through this teaching activity, the first two experimental activities are summarized. Children know more about garbage and understand the characteristics of different garbage. processing methods and learned simple classification. During the activity, the video and experimental teaching methods used made the classroom atmosphere very active. The children thought actively and spoke boldly, and the group teaching gave the children more opportunities to speak. The design of the garbage classification sign diagram also gives children the opportunity to actively participate and continue to think, and the teaching effect is better!