How to guess the price by looking at used cars? What do you mainly look at? Why can some people tell the year of the car by looking at the glass? !

On February 6, 2000, the relevant ministries and commissions of the state jointly issued the new "Car Scrapping Standard". Accordingly, the main factors affecting the price of used cars are:

1. service life 2. Mileage 3. Vehicle damage or technical condition 4. Vehicle status (refers to the price and supply of accessories) 5. Automobile fuel consumption and emission quality. Among them, the service life is the main factor affecting the price of used cars. The longer the general service life, the worse the car condition, the more depreciation and the lower the price, and vice versa. So is the service life. Vehicle damage and technical conditions should be investigated by professionals on the spot. In addition, the factors that affect the car price are the car condition of the model (mainly referring to the supply of accessories). If there are few models, the supply of accessories is not timely or the price is relatively high, there will be fewer buyers and the price will be low. For example, from 1994 to 1996, Nanjing bought a batch of Korean Daewoo 2000 and Salon with a market value of only 30,000-50,000, which was difficult to supply because of the high price of accessories. The technical performance and emission quality of the vehicle are closely related to the failure of the vehicle, so it should be carefully inspected when purchasing. First, second-hand cars are increasingly favored by the majority of automobile users because of their price advantages, and the identification of automobile technical conditions is a barrier for non-automobile professionals to buy second-hand cars. We will gradually and systematically introduce the knowledge of buying used cars, hoping to help you buy satisfactory used cars. The technical condition detection of used cars mainly includes the following three categories:

1, static inspection 2, dynamic inspection 3, auxiliary tool inspection

Among them, static inspection includes counterfeit inspection and appearance inspection of automobiles. Today, we will first introduce the inspection. Car inspection fraud is to judge whether the used car you want to buy now is a genuine car produced by a regular manufacturer or a "parallel" car. The so-called "parallel" cars refer to those imported through smuggling or unofficial formal channels. Some of these cars are complete, some are assembled with parts, and some are even assembled with old cars. Authentic cars are modified cars that meet the requirements of China market and use conditions. They are imported directly from automobile manufacturers through channels approved by China. Therefore, there are yellow commodity inspection marks on the windshield of genuine cars. For old cars, they will fall off with the increase of service life, and some human factors will make us unable to find the yellow commodity inspection mark when buying second-hand imported cars. In addition, according to China's "Product Quality Law", genuine cars are accompanied by Chinese operating instructions and maintenance manuals, while parallel cars are not. At present, we usually go to the used car supermarket to buy it, which is the used car market that everyone is familiar with. At present, there are two in Nanjing, one is on Garden Road in the east of the city 1 near Nanjing Vehicle Management Office, and the other is in the south of the city. Vehicles parked in the used car market waiting for trading are generally genuine, and brokers who do used car trading in the market are also registered.

2. Last time, we introduced the detection of counterfeit products in the static detection of automobile technical conditions. This time, we will introduce another inspection in static inspection-appearance inspection.

Appearance inspection items can be basically divided into two categories, one is qualitative understanding, and the other is quantitative inspection. The former usually adopts visual inspection, while the latter needs the help of instruments and equipment and objective inspection methods. Our users generally adopt the former, while the latter method is unrealistic and easy to operate. After all, we are not a professional testing manufacturer.

Users should try to buy clean used cars when shopping, otherwise it is not easy to find hidden defects in cars. In addition, the items that need to be tested under the chassis are best carried out at stations with ditches and jacks or elevators. The following focuses on qualitative inspection:

First, open the hood of the engine, then take out the driving license of the car and start checking the engine number and frame number. Find out the nameplate of the car to see if it indicates the brand, model, engine power, total mass, carrying mass or number of passengers, etc. And whether it is consistent with the actual situation of the car. Once you find inconsistencies, don't consider buying a car. You can't buy stolen cars, assembled cars or illegally qualified cars just because the map is cheap.

Second, check the technical condition of the car body, especially the car body value of cars and buses accounts for a large weight in the whole vehicle, and the maintenance cost is relatively high, so checking the car body is an important content of technical condition appraisal.

The inspection sequence starts from the front of the car and is usually carried out in the following ways:

(1), check whether there is collision damage on the car body. Stand in the front corner of the car, look at the rear of the car and observe the joints of the car body. If there are straight gaps of different sizes, curved lines, decorative strips falling off or inconsistencies between the old and the new, it means that the car may have been repaired.

(2) Check whether the door is balanced, whether there are gaps around it, and whether the rubber edge is hardened, otherwise water will enter.

(3), check the body metal corrosion. Mainly check the protective plate, window, sink, floor and joints, etc. If the corrosion is serious, it means the car is old.

(4), check the paint off. Check the exhaust pipe, legs, windows and tires for excessive paint. If so, the car has been painted or renovated. Use magnets to move around the body. If the magnetic force suddenly decreases, it is partially filled with ashes. Where the paint is finished. When knocking on the car body by hand, if the knocking sound is crisp, it means that the car body is not brushed with ash; If the knocking sound is dull, it means that the car body is painted with gray.

3. Check the interior of the carriage: (1). Check whether the seat is old or new, whether the seat is sunken, whether the roof canopy is cracked, whether the carpet or rubber blanket board is worn, and whether the interior of the carriage is dirty and moldy.

(2) Uncover the carpet or rubber sheet to see if the floor of the carriage is wet or rusty. If so, it means that the car may leak water when it rains.

(3) Open the trunk, and check whether the waterproof glue edge of the box cover is damaged and falls off, whether the trunk leaks, whether it is rusty, and whether there are welding marks. (4) Check whether the glass is flexible.

(5) Check whether the instrument panel is original, and whether the traces of wires at the bottom of the instrument panel have been altered. Pay special attention to reading the odometer. At present, the annual mileage of vehicles is about 30,000-40,000 kilometers. If the average annual mileage is too much, it means that the vehicle is difficult to drive. If there are too few, you can replace the dashboard.

3. Last time, I introduced how to check the interior of the car body and carriage during the appearance inspection. This paper introduces how to check the heart of the car-the engine, and how to check it with common measuring tools.

1. Look at the wires on the ignition cover. Do you have engine oil? Is there any sign of rupture? Depending on the date of purchase, the battery life is generally more than 2 years. There should be no white powder (sulfate) attached to both ends of the battery, and the battery body should be dry and absolutely crack-free.

2. Check whether there is oil leakage outside the cylinder head. A small amount is not a big problem, but if there is a lot of engine oil, it means that the engine oil may be on the basin or the cylinder gasket is broken.

3. Check the engine oil quantity. Take out the dipstick to see if the oil is turbid or frothy, and pay attention to the height of the oil. If the height is too high, it may mean that the cylinder gasket is burnt out and the water in the water tank is mixed into the crankcase. If the height of the oil is too low, it may be put in a basin and burned with gasoline, which means that it will be overhauled sooner or later. Try the viscosity of the oil by hand to see if there is any gravel, and the color is preferably dark yellow.

4. Open the water tank cover. If the water in the water tank is all yellow rust water, or there are traces of rust water leakage outside the water tank, special attention should be paid. See if the fan belt is tight and the rubber pad is loose. After driving for a period of time, check whether the tank cover is stained with oil stains. If so, there is a leak in the gasket at the top of the cylinder. Pay attention to whether the water tank has been hit and whether the radiator has been welded.

5. Check accessories, such as wipers, radios, meters, mirrors, heaters, lamps, turn signals, sprinklers, air conditioning equipment, etc. Damaged or incomplete; And dynamically check the accessory equipment. For example, the action of wiper, water spraying device, air conditioning and refrigeration, and whether all lights and instruments work normally. Four, 96, 97 Santana is divided into ordinary type and optional type (with electric glass and alloy wheels), and the basic performance is similar. Judging from the reaction of the whole used car market, the price of this car is reasonable, the speed-up performance is excellent among similar models, and the car is also "leather". However, due to the older model and some technical problems, this car also has some problems that are easy to be found. In short, just like the sales ranking of the new car market, Old Santana has always been the "leader" of the used car market. Used car professionals believe that this car is reasonable in price and is a better car for families to buy used cars at present.

Price: At present, the price of Santana 96 and 97 on the market is about 70,000 yuan, depending on the car condition.

Problem: without ABS system, the brakes are not very good, which is more "meat"; Poor shock absorption; Brake pads are easy to wear; The steering wheel is heavy; The noise is relatively loud. Wear-resistant parts: ball cage; Cross tie rod; Brake pads; oil seal

Features: There are many Santana, and it has always been the "third place" in the market. The after-sales service is better and the accessories are cheaper and more common, which is why most people choose this car. Choose a trick:

1. Let's see if this car has been hit. Generally, just open the cover and look carefully in the trunk. Professionals believe that the car body that has been hit is easy to deform, so it is most afraid of collision.

2, the car does not burn engine oil, this situation is more in this car. 3, interior: look around, air conditioning is good, sound, especially to see if the radio is original.

After buying: If there is no serious problem, it is not necessary to maintain it after buying, but it is essential to replace the three filters, tank oil and engine oil, so as to find the problem in time.

Consumers who buy second-hand cars often consider the price advantage, and they can buy a higher grade or even many grades of vehicles at the same price. "Brand effect" plays a very important role, so many classic cars that have been used for more than 8 years still have a huge buying group. Although the prices of these vehicles are attractive and can show their "status", the use and maintenance of these famous brand old cars should be fully considered to avoid "buying classic cars". In Beijing's second-hand car market, generally speaking, the prices of famous cars such as Mercedes-Benz, BMW and Cadillac, which have been used for more than 65,438+00 years, are between 80,000 and 65,438+05,000 yuan, and the car condition still has great advantages compared with some domestic cars. The price of sports cars used by Honda, Toyota, Mitsubishi and other brands for more than 10 is also around 10 million yuan, which is a good "show off" for some young people who pursue appearance. Consumers who buy these vehicles should be prepared in three aspects before they can consider buying them, rather than simply looking at the price and brand effect. Vehicles with long supply time and high price of vehicle parts will encounter the problems of less spare parts and high price, and even some imported automobile parts need to be directly transported by air from abroad, which greatly increases the cost. For the old models, the appearance can still be repaired in China, but whether the commonly used replacement parts are common or not will greatly affect the price. The engine, gearbox, chassis and other parts of classic cars generally don't need to be completely replaced, but if the commonly used brake discs, suspension springs, three filters and one core are hard to find in China, the use cost of these classic cars will be staggering, so you must consider whether there are spare parts to be replaced when buying, at least the commonly used spare parts should be available. Relatively speaking, Japanese used car parts have better performance and lower prices, while European and American old models have fewer parts and higher prices, so consumers need to be "biased" when buying vehicles. Vehicle insurance tax level Some rare sports cars and luxury models have very high insurance costs in China, which makes it inconvenient to maintain them in China. Therefore, although the purchase cost of these old brand-name models in the used car market is low, the tax insurance is very high. For example, an American version of Japanese brand sports car used in 1993, the price of used cars in the market is120,000 yuan, but the annual insurance cost is as high as 30,000 yuan, and the state stipulates that some of these vehicles have high insurance. The annual tax cost of the old model should be considered. Spending money on used cars is for the sake of cheapness. If the use cost is too high, it will violate the original intention of "affordable". Environmental protection requirements and vehicle sources Big cities such as Beijing and Shanghai have higher environmental protection requirements for vehicles, and brand-name cars have stricter environmental protection requirements for vehicles. /kloc-Some models manufactured before 0/0 adopted technologies such as multi-point injection, closed-loop design, exhaust gas recirculation and three-way catalytic converter. According to common sense, these cars can now meet the environmental protection standards of big cities. However, because there was no corresponding environmental protection requirement for vehicles in China at the beginning, car dealers had dismantled these equipment when importing vehicles in order to reduce costs and make more money. So last year, Mercedes-Benz and BMW couldn't get on the road in Beijing. Before buying these used cars, consumers must see whether the environmental performance of the vehicles meets local requirements and whether they can drive normally on the road. When buying old brand-name used cars, we should also consider the source of the vehicles. At the beginning, some imported cars did not enter China through formal channels, and some smuggled parallel cars entered circulation. This kind of problem will not be encountered in the formal market in Beijing, but if consumers trade among themselves, they should pay close attention to these problems to avoid the unknown source of vehicles and the inability to go through the road formalities. Six, introduce three simple and practical methods of second-hand car valuation for readers' reference.

1. According to the service life of vehicles, the economic service life of general vehicles is 10 years, and the sum of 1 to 10 is 55 (1+2+3+...+10 = 55).

Automobile depreciation 10/55 in the first year, 9/55 in the second year, 8/55 in the third year, and so on. If a car has been used for 4 years, its valuation is:

Total price of new car-total price of new car × (10/55+9/55+8/55+7/55), in which the total price of new car is the current market price of the same type of car plus additional taxes, insurance premiums, road maintenance fees, license fees, etc.

For example, the current market price of the basic Santana is 77,000 yuan, and the total cost after completing various procedures is about 90,000 yuan. The appraisal of this car after four years' use is: 9-9× (10/55+9/55+8/55+7/55) = 34,400 yuan.

2. Evaluate according to the market price

Give the car a 30% discount in the first year of listing and a 20% discount in two years, depending on the condition of the car. For example, the price of the car evaluated above is 9× 0.7× 0.8× 0.85× 0.9 = 3.85 (ten thousand yuan) according to the market price.

3. Assessment by mileage (5432 1 method)

The average car's economic journey life is 300,000 kilometers (30,000 kilometers per year). If it is divided into five sections, each section is 60,000 kilometers, then the value of each section is 5/1 5,4/15,3/15,2/15,1. For example, the car evaluated above has traveled10.2 million kilometers (about 4 years), so its evaluation price is 9× (3/15+2/15+0/15) = 3.6 (ten thousand yuan).

Experts also remind everyone that these valuations are only the abstract price of cars at present, and the quality of vehicles and the income of agents have not been taken into account. Therefore, the specific operation should also consider the performance and market situation of the car and make corresponding adjustments. The general adjustment range is about 30% of the valuation. In this way, if you have a clear concept of the car price range, you can mark your highest psychological bearing price and avoid blindly impulsive placards. Seven, eight criteria for buying used cars

The standard of car selection-market price can be used as a reference for estimation.

But it depends on the actual car condition. In fact, the so-called market price mentioned above can be found, but it is still based on a rough estimate. About 30% discount within one year after listing, 20% discount after two years, and 8.5% discount in the third year, depending on the car condition (because the car condition will change with the driver's car habit and maintenance concept, etc.), it is worth visiting. Never discount all cars like this, because the market price depends on the condition of the car, the popularity of the car, whether the car has stopped production, the convenience of maintenance, the price of parts and so on.

Choosing a car rule 2

Don't pay attention to the appearance of the car body when buying. When you have a general understanding of the market price, then make a comment on the appearance of the car body that enters your eyes. Don't think that the appearance of the car body is just about the appearance. In fact, it is the first step to see if it is an accident car. The accident car mentioned here is not a general slight collision, but an "accident car" that seriously hurts important parts such as beams and engines. When you look at it, it may actually be.

It is necessary to carefully check whether it is consistent with the tightness of the fender or whether the gap left between the cover and the left and right fenders (there should be no different sizes), whether the engine cover is uneven and flush with the headlights, whether the gap between the hood and the windshield is consistent or whether the glue paint of the original car is left. These are the key points of inspection.

The third criterion of car picking can be used to check whether there are some welding marks in the engine room, which is the key point. When opening the hood, first check the inside of the hood. If there are traces of paint, it means that the probability of hitting this cover plate is not low, because ordinary people will not be idle to paint here because this place has no aesthetic value, and then they can cross the beam above the engine room (that is, the I-beam above the water tank cover). If you look at the two longitudinal beams under the engine block or the two auxiliary beams inside the engine room, there should be traces of circular spot welding in these places without accident. If the spot welding shape is not round or different in size, it may have been hit, and the joint of each steel plate is also the focus of inspection. Whether the waterproof rubber strip is smooth is also the basis for judging whether the car has love injury.

Choose a car rule four

Try to see if the door is smooth and noisy. The opening of the trunk is also the focus of inspection. From the door frame and B-pillar, observe whether it shows a straight line. If there are no waves (commonly known as orange peel), it means that there is nothing wrong with this car. Besides, you can see it from the door. When the door is not opened, you can check whether the seam of the door is flat first. If the joint is naturally flat, it means that there is no big problem with the car, but it cannot be concluded that the car is fine. You can open it from the door again.

It is necessary to examine the A, B and C columns in detail, that is, to see whether the door frames are in a straight line. If there are waves on the uneven surface (commonly known as orange peel), it means that the car has been gilded, and you can also open the black water belt to see if it is flat. If there are traces of nails when the original car is added near the door, it means that the car is the original car. If there is no trace, the car has been painted. Finally, you can open and close the door back and forth to check the smoothness of the door opening, which means that there is no big problem, but it does not mean that the car is driving smoothly. For the sheet metal parts at the left and right sides of the luggage compartment opening or the joint with the rear bumper, first open the carpet under the luggage compartment to see if there are any welding marks. Although the sheet metal technology of the passenger compartment has made great progress, you can find some clues as long as you are careful, but I want to remind you that as long as it is not a serious accident car, there must be no strict requirements, but the value of this car should be measured by the purchase price.