The new curriculum standard textbook is compulsory ⅱ "Autumn in the Old Capital"

Teaching objectives:

1. Learn the author's methods of expressing wonderful feelings with ordinary and representative scenery.

2. Know others and discuss the world, and deeply analyze the feelings contained in the author's article.

3. Touch a "city of literature" through words.

Emphasis and difficulty in teaching:

1. Learn the author's unique superb writing skills of not looking for autumn but making it meaningful.

2. Interpret the unique emotion in the author's writing.

Teaching ideas:

Autumn in the Old Capital is a text in Unit 1 of the new curriculum standard textbook required by People's Education Press, and it is a famous piece of scenery description and lyricism. This article was written in 1934, and more than 7 years have passed now. Over the past 7 years, the times have changed. What remains unchanged is that different versions of middle school Chinese textbooks in different periods must choose this one. Over the past 7 years, generations of middle school students have learned about the "old capital", "autumn in the old capital" and Yu Dafu through this article. According to Yu Fei, the son of Yu Dafu, Autumn in the Old Capital was written by Yu Dafu on the morning of August 17th, 1934 at the invitation of She Qi, the publisher of Human World. Yu Dafu received an urgent letter from Wang Sheqi on August 16th, and wrote this masterpiece on the morning of August 17th, which originated from Yu Dafu's superb writing skills. This has to make people admire Yu Dafu's meticulous and delicate observation of scenery and human feelings on weekdays. The scenery that Yu Dafu ingested in this article is very common, but it is also very representative. The characters written in this article are some ordinary people, and the conversations between the characters are also colloquial sayings. However, it is these ordinary scenery, ordinary people and colloquial sayings that give people a feeling that autumn tastes meaningful without looking for autumn. Tao yuan - Ming's language is dull, natural and natural, discard the fiber of the apply, revealing the true simplicity of the beauty, which makes the reading to be always new. In the thick autumn flavor of the old capital, Yu Dafu's unique feeling of "clearness, quietness and sadness" is conveyed. Therefore, we try to start with the topic, appreciate the unique emotion that Yu Dafu left in the text through the selection of scenery, and then understand the unique emotion that is left in the text by knowing people and discussing the world.

Teaching methods:

Independent, cooperative and inquiry learning

Teaching process:

First, introduce new lessons

A wisp of breeze, a leisurely cloud, a casual feeling, and feel the charm of the dream water town; A cup of fragrant tea, a broken moon, a leisure, and a close reading of the ancient charm of Jiangnan culture.

Jiangnan and water towns are a kind of temptation and attraction for people who live in the north. What about the northern and ancient capitals for southerners? Undoubtedly, it is also a temptation and an attraction.

a courtyard falls, a bowl of strong tea, and a few words of small talk, pointing out the street charm of the old capital; A tree, a few pigeons, and a few drops of autumn coolness, appreciate the unique taste of autumn in the old capital.

Today, let's follow Yu Dafu into Autumn in the Old Capital and feel the autumn flavor of the old capital, which is "clear, quiet and sad".

Second, read aloud independently, exploring the problem

1. Read aloud independently

Students read the text independently and feel the text. And with the task of correcting and accumulating.

gangsters (hùn) are confused (dùn)? Twenty (niàn) Four Bridges

rather critical: Metaphorically, through individual subtle signs, we can see the development trend and results of the whole situation.

2. Explore the topic

Question: The title of this article is Autumn in the Old Capital. After reading, everyone knows that the old capital refers to Beiping, so how about changing the title to Autumn in Beiping or Autumn in the Northland? Why?

Clear:

Although Beiping is a landmark city in the north, it is too concrete. Northland, too broad. Both lack imagination. Autumn in the Old Capital is better. "So" makes people think of old friends, hometown, old friends, hometown, etc., feel cordial, have a deep attachment, and have a deep yearning for them. "Capital" has a sense of historical vicissitudes and a rich cultural heritage. Taking Autumn in the Old Capital as the theme, the description of natural scenery is attached to the profound historical and cultural background. This "wonderful chemical reaction" is expected and easy to arouse readers' interest in reading. (hit it off at first sight)

Third, explore and analyze <; Question questioning >

1. Taste autumn

Question: The author Yu Dafu "has not met the autumn in the north for nearly ten years." In the south, every autumn, what representative autumn scenery does the author think of?

It is clear: "The reed flowers in Taoranting, the willow shadows on the fishing platform yu, the insect singing in the western hills, the jathyapple in Yuquan and the bells in Tanzhe Temple."

Question: The author "travels thousands of miles to catch up with Qingdao from Hangzhou, and even more to catch up with Beiping from Qingdao" to enjoy the autumn flavor of the old capital, but he didn't go to Taoranting, Yutai, Xishan, Yuquan and Tanzhe Temple to look for autumn. Why?

clear: because "even if you don't go out in Beiping", "in the sea of people in the imperial city", "rent someone a shabby house to live in", "make a bowl of strong tea", look at "the sky is very high and green, and you can hear the flying of pigeons in the green world", then look at the sunshine leaking from the leaves of Sophora japonica, look at the morning glory and look at the sparse slender autumn grass.

question: what does the author intend to highlight by writing like this?

Clear: You don't need to go to Taoranting, Yutai, Xishan, Yuquan and Tanzhe Temple to look for autumn, and you can feel the full autumn flavor in any place in the old capital, because any place in the old capital is "immersed" in autumn.

Question: Did the author also write about the representative scenery of autumn in the old capital?

clear: autumn locust, falling pistil, Qiu Chan, autumn rain, autumn wind and autumn fruit.

Question: What are the angles that the author cut into when writing these scenes?

clear: write autumn locust, highlighting its embellishment that can remind people of autumn; Writing the falling pistil, it is silent and odorless, and it feels fine and soft when you step on it, and you feel that "the long-term dream of a phoenix tree and the world knowing autumn is about in these deep places"; I also wrote about the weak residual sound of Qiu Chan, a specialty of the northland, highlighting that you don't have to go to the suburbs or the mountains to listen, and you can hear their singing everywhere. The author even regrets that "Qiu Chan is like a houseworm that every household keeps at home", which shows that Qiu Chan's sad cry is very representative and can well reflect the autumn sound of the old capital. Writing autumn rain highlights strangeness, flavor and is more decent.

Question: Next, the article talks about people and people's conversations. Who did you write about and what was the content of the conversation?

Clear: I wrote about the urban idlers wearing thick green cloth and jackets. These urban idlers sighed and answered each other in a slow and leisurely voice: "Alas, it's really cold-"and "Isn't it?" A layer of autumn rain is cold! "

Clear: The urban idlers belong to the common people, and their conversations are flat and even, with a strong Beijing accent and rhyme, and all they say are folk sayings, which highlights the cultural characteristics and regional characteristics on the basis of writing autumn scenery.

Summary: Taken together, in the paragraphs describing the scenery above, the author painted autumn scenery, composed autumn sounds and painted autumn colors, which made us appreciate the full autumn flavor of the old capital, and the author was clever in not deliberately looking for autumn, but "immersed" the readers in the autumn flavor without showing any traces, which made readers feel that there was no need to look for autumn, but the autumn flavor was meaningful and comfortable. This is due to Yu Dafu's choice of very representative scenery, people and words, which can well reflect the characteristics of the old capital autumn.

expansion: according to Yu Fei, the son of Yu Dafu, Autumn in the Old Capital was written by Yu Dafu on the morning of August 17th, 1934 at the invitation of Wang Sheqi, the publisher of Human World, and Yu Dafu only received a letter from Wang Sheqi on August 16th. Being able to write such a wonderful article in such a short time cannot but make us admire Mr. Yu Dafu's meticulous and delicate observation of scenery and human feelings on weekdays. This kind of kung fu is exactly what Mr. Lu Xun mentioned in "Answering the Question of Beidou Magazine": "Pay attention to all kinds of things, look more, and write if you don't see anything." Therefore, if we want to write a good composition, we should observe more and observe carefully. This is also the best writing method that Yu Dafu taught us.

2. Style autumn feelings

Question: Yu Dafu wrote the autumn flavor of his old capital so meaningfully. What are the general characteristics of autumn in his old capital?

clear: come clear, come quiet, come sad.

Question: What about the characteristics of autumn in the south of the Yangtze River?

clear: the vegetation withers slowly, the air is moist, the color of the sky is pale, it is often rainy and windy, and the color is not strong, and the aftertaste is not lasting.

Question: The article mentions autumn in the south twice at the beginning and end. What is the purpose?

clear: highlight the characteristics of autumn in the old capital by setting off.

Question: Wang Guowei said that "all scenery words are sentimental words" in "Words on Earth". Then, what kind of love language does this article convey through the autumn scenery of the old capital, "Come clear, come quiet and come sad"?

clear: attachment, loneliness and sadness.

question: it is not difficult to understand the feeling of attachment, as can be seen from the title. How is the feeling of loneliness and sadness revealed in the text?

Clarity: When writing about autumn locust falling, I mentioned that "the silk lines of brooms left on the dusty soil look delicate, leisurely, subconsciously and a little lonely." When writing autumn fruit, it is mentioned that "interesting human beings can always cause deep, distant, severe and bleak feelings for autumn."

Question: How do you understand this lonely and sad love story?

Clear: Autumn itself can arouse some people's sense of sadness, and Yu Dafu's own character belongs to the melancholy type.

Supplementary Introduction Author:

Yu Dafu lost his father at the age of three, two marriages and two children. These great changes in his life created Yu Dafu's melancholy character, which in turn potentially affected his writing. Yu Dafu was killed by Japanese military police in 1945. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Yu Dafu came to Singapore and then moved to Sumatra. Yu Dafu used his position to secretly protect and rescue many Indonesian people and overseas Chinese. Later, Yu Dafu negotiated for a person who was beaten by Japanese soldiers and was arrested by Japanese soldiers. At the end of the documentary film "Mr. Yu Dafu", when the Japanese invaders knew that the translator they caught at hand was actually Mr. Yu Dafu, they were taken aback. But at that time, Japan had been defeated, so they politely said to Yu Dafu: It is best to go back to Japan with them, and they don't want to hurt Yu Dafu-because Yu Dafu is a celebrity and has lived in Japan for many years, so he should have feelings for the Great Japanese Empire ... Yu Dafu didn't say a word after listening, but shook his head coldly. The Japanese invaders picked up the gun in the case of fruitless persuasion, and Yu Dafu's face did not show the slightest panic. He smiled faintly and looked natural and natural. His eyes crossed the mountains and rivers in front of him. Right in front of him was his motherland, Fuchun River, which gave birth to him and raised him.

Guan Shandi, a friend of Yu Dafu's, Mr. Liu Haisu, wrote a poem to commemorate the tenth anniversary of Yu Dafu's murder, praising his patriotic feelings and childlike heart.

gray is still childlike, and fame and fortune in the world are insignificant. At present, the pain poet dreams, and blood drinks the head of China as a bottle.

Question: Apart from natural seasons and personality traits, social reasons will also affect the author's writing. Such as "Moonlight on the Lotus Pond" written by Zhu Ziqing.

Question: What social reasons made Yu Dafu feel lonely and sad?

clear: in 193s, China was in constant war, people's livelihood was depressed, and scholars had no food, clothing and shelter. Yu Dafu moved from Shanghai to Hangzhou in order to avoid the threat of white terror from the national dang, and his thoughts were depressed and his creation dried up. Later, I had to travel thousands of miles, wandering from place to place, and suffering from the sorrow and sorrow of life. It can be said that the feeling of loneliness and sadness in Autumn in the Old Capital is also a reflection of the projection of social life in Yu Dafu's heart. In the words of Wang Guowei's "Ci Hua on Earth", it is "to look at things with me, and everything is my color".

Summary: This method of understanding the emotion and theme of the article through the author's life and writing background is what the ancients said.

Fourth, class summary

Following Mr. Yu Dafu, we fully appreciated the autumn flavor of the old capital through words, and partially touched the autumn of "Peking of Literature". Through careful observation and skillful tailoring, ordinary scenery and human feelings can be transformed into wonderful articles, which is the best writing method taught by this paper. Knowing people and discussing the world is a golden key to interpret such articles after learning this article. I hope everyone can make good use of this writing method, a golden key to interpret works.