How to write a research outline

Lead: Because some situations and materials are very complicated and specific, and I am particularly familiar with them, these specific materials are all in my mind, and there is no need to write them out one by one. Just list the outline and you can connect related materials in series. An outline is an official document that summarizes the outline and main points. It does not write all the contents of the full text, but only the main contents. The outline is used to report the work, convey the spirit of the meeting and deliver a speech.

How to write a research outline There are two forms of research outline:

Narrative and questioning. The former directly stipulates the contents of the investigation, while the article lists the contents of the investigation. The latter is summarized in the form of questions, which makes it easier for investigators to find problems and solve them.

Generally speaking, the research report has the following three characteristics:

1, with strong pertinence. Investigation and research usually have a predetermined theme or topic, so the investigation report must be written closely around the determined theme or topic and should not include too much content. If you need to investigate many topics, you can divide them into several sub-reports and then summarize them into a comprehensive general report. But measured by the requirements of teams and groups and general enterprises, should it be like this? The entrance is more filial and the topic is prominent? The research report is appropriate.

2, editing narrative editing discussion. The writing method of the investigation report should pay equal attention to the narrative part, the analysis part and the discussion part, focus on the facts and clarify the things to be investigated; But there must be rational and objective analysis to tell the truth clearly; Of course, there should be discussions to highlight the points. This kind of research report is weighty, which can let readers know the facts and the truth.

3. Explain the viewpoint of the article with detailed facts. The research report must have opinions, but it can't go from theory to theory, and pure theoretical articles still can't explain the problem. Since the research report is the conclusion after in-depth and meticulous investigation, we must speak with examples of investigation and take facts as the supporting surface of the article's point of view. Such a research report is convincing.

The above three characteristics prove that the research report has the nature of work summary, comment and news report, which is the synthesis of these three styles.

There are many kinds of research reports. From the simple classification point of view, general enterprises often encounter the following types:

1, a typical experience class. Typical experience comes from practice and has a strong leading role in everyone's study. For example, the team of workers and inventors of a large state-owned enterprise has a certain position in China and even in the world. So, how were these advanced models discovered? How is it cultivated? How did they grow up? The research report will make an in-depth investigation on the emergence and development of this advanced team, and summarize some regular, instructive and operational experiences for other enterprises to learn and use.

2. new things. In today's era of innovation, new things emerge one after another, especially in technological innovation. There are many inventions, innovative projects and new technologies used in all walks of life. For example, a large number of packaging rolls are used every day on the production line. It turned out that the paper tube was replaced when there were still a few circles of paper left on the paper shaft. After the team's technical research, the technical problems have been solved. The wrapping paper can only be used for a few centimeters, and then it is replaced with a new paper tube. Then, this research report can bring together the motivation of technological innovation, the process of experiment, successful experience and the significance of promotion, so that other production teams of the same type can also learn from it. Such a research report is of great guiding significance for enterprises to reduce costs and increase efficiency, represents the direction of progress and development, and has strong vitality.

3. Exposure problem category. We are speeding up the process of legalization, but in some places and enterprises, due to various reasons, there will still be some unsatisfactory places, and even some violations of law and discipline. For example, in some private enterprises, employment is still very irregular, which directly infringes on the legitimate rights and interests of workers. This is a problem in reality, and it is also the focus of the party and the government, and it is also the focus of workers' concern. The investigation and study of these situations can have a great impact on social progress. However, when writing a research report that exposes problems, we should pay attention to the fact that the cited materials must be true and the cited data must be conclusive, so that the research report can be effective and powerful.

To write a research report, we must make full preparations, including:

1, topic preparation. First of all, we should determine the object of investigation and choose the angle of investigation and writing. The size of the determined topic should be moderate, and the angle of choice should be innovative and unconventional.

2. Theoretical preparation. The research report should have opinions, analysis and discussion, which requires certain theoretical literacy. Therefore, after determining the topic, you should learn the principles, policies, laws and regulations related to the topic.

3. Mental preparation. It is necessary to correct the attitude of investigation with the concept of materialism, go deep into the grassroots, the reality and the masses, and not take it for granted, take it for granted, be emotional and follow the trend of investigation.

4. Outline preparation. To list the investigation plan, including the investigation object, investigation content, investigation focus, investigation method, investigation time and matters needing attention.

After the investigation, we should pay attention to the investigation methods. If the investigation method is not appropriate, it will not achieve the expected effect, or even be counterproductive. Therefore, the following methods can be used in the investigation:

1, multistage. Investigate leaders, parties and the surrounding people.

2. Multi-channel. Master ready-made written materials, hold symposiums, conduct individual interviews and ask respondents to fill out questionnaires.

3. Multi-faceted. In order to make an objective and fair evaluation, we should listen to both positive and negative opinions.

A research report generally consists of three parts:

1, introduction. We can briefly describe the origin, time, place, object and method of the investigation, and then highlight the points that need to be clarified in the investigation report.

2, the text. According to the nature of the problems found in the investigation, they can be classified and described point by point. It can also be described according to all aspects of the work in the investigation; It can also be described according to the time sequence of investigation or the stage of development and evolution of things.

3. concluding remarks. Can summarize the full text and deepen the theme; You can also ask questions and point out ways to inspire people; You can also point out the development direction, look forward to the development prospects and give people encouragement.

How to write a model essay on the research outline: a table of contents.

I. Introduction

Second, the background of the topic

Three. Investigate the implementation plan and scheme.

Four. additional

I. Introduction

(1) Research topic: Feasibility and sustainability of rural education grants —— Taking Gaizu Township, Yanyuan County, Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province as an example.

(2) Research purpose: To investigate whether the grant scheme is feasible and sustainable, and whether it can support more children in mountainous areas to receive education and continue their studies.

(3) Research objects: local non-profit organizations, schools (mainly middle schools), children (funded and non-funded), parents of children and other villagers.

④ Research contents:

1. Distribution of existing grants:

2. Shortcomings and blind spots in the development of existing rural grants;

3. Feasibility and sustainability of grants;

4. How to avoid blind spots in financial aid (for example, how to ensure the effectiveness and transparency in the implementation process, and whether the inspection conditions for subsidized students are reasonable and appropriate).

(V) Research methods: social research methods such as literature study, questionnaire survey and interview.

(6) Research time: July 2013,65438-July 2013,25 July (slightly fluctuating according to the actual situation).

Second, the background of the topic

Put forward questions

The team that initiated this research is Guangdong University of Foreign Studies? Building a dream hometown? The charity team has been established for nearly two years. In the past two years, the team has accumulated a lot of experience in helping Liangshan, Sichuan. After long-term communication with local public welfare organizations and schools, we have deepened our understanding of the local situation, and determined the research topic after fully understanding and pre-investigation of the local area, making the topic more targeted and practical.

Through short-term teaching in summer vacation and two surveys in winter vacation in recent two years, our team learned that many students in Liangshan Yi area of Sichuan dropped out of primary school to junior high school, and even dropped out of junior high school to senior high school. The main reason is that the current funding is more concentrated in primary schools and universities, while ignoring the needs of junior and senior high school students. We hope to understand the actual needs of this group and help more students to continue their studies through the investigation of the family status and learning situation of local junior and senior high school students. At the same time, we can analyze the feasibility and sustainability of the dream scholarship program and provide a basis for the implementation of the future scholarship program.

For the rural financial aid in this area, the current situation is as follows: (1) there is a general lack of educational resources; Most of the financial aid is for primary schools; High school funds are not taken seriously. In the final analysis, this way of allocating educational resources is helpful to improve the general quality of local children, but it is also difficult to train talents, which is not conducive to the long-term development of the local area.

In addition, taking Yanyuan County as an example, the county covers an area of 8,388 square meters, but there are only 8 junior high schools and 2 senior high schools in the county. Children who can pass the primary school entrance examination and junior high school entrance examination stand out from the crowd. Moreover, in mountainous areas, there are still many potential students who have achieved excellent results in primary schools. Because of family poverty or concept problems, they can't continue their studies, which eventually leads to dropping out of school and wasting human resources in mountainous areas. Supporting potential students in mountainous areas to complete their studies is also an effort to change the future of mountainous areas for them. Such excellent children have a strong demand for continuing education. By subsidizing them, we can better make the donated funds have a positive impact on them. Education is the key to change their fate, and it is also the key to change the fate of mountainous areas. Therefore, it is particularly important to establish a sustainable scholarship mechanism in mountainous areas.

How should the distribution of rural educational resources meet children's educational needs? Make good use of the existing educational resources, so that they can develop better after receiving basic education, and improve the overall quality of life in the local area through high-level secondary education other than basic education, so that they don't have to follow the old path of the model life of rural elders because of lack of funds, and they don't have to become? Migrant workers? .

Therefore, in order to better solve the above problems, we will take Gaizu Township, Yanyuan County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province as an example, and from the perspective of education aid, a local child, investigate whether the "Dream Building Scholarship" project is feasible, how to ensure its effectiveness and transparency in the implementation process, and whether the conditions for subsidizing students are reasonable and appropriate, so as to gradually improve the "Dream Building Scholarship" project and enable more mountain children to receive education and continue their studies. We hope that this survey can improve the local education situation to some extent and meet the educational needs.

(B) Research significance and background

1. Theoretical significance:

Based on the team's existing research results, existing relevant research documents and current policies, we will analyze the funding problem of Gaizu Township in Yanyuan County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province based on the local actual situation. We will not simply stay on the understanding and collection of the local basic situation, but establish the sustainability of team funding, fully analyze and investigate the local actual situation, and strive to study whether the dream-chasing funding scheme is feasible through this investigation. In the process of implementation, how to ensure the effectiveness and transparency, and whether the inspection conditions for subsidizing students are reasonable and appropriate, so as to gradually improve the dream-building grant program, solve related practical problems, and determine the future development and practical direction of the grant.

Through multi-angle analysis, the team will take the whole process of grant as the main idea, and determine its feasibility and development direction from each link in the process. From the very beginning, we have formulated clear research criteria, which are used to select the people who will give financial aid, the screening criteria of different financial aid, the possible ways to collect social donation funds, the ways to send donations to children, the follow-up of children's situation in the later period and the feedback to all sectors of society.

The following will explain the different nodes in the process from the existing aspects of grants:

(1) List of aided children: basic data sources of children, basic entry criteria of potential aided children, age of aided children, etc.

(2) screening criteria and methods;

(3) Social donation: the amount of each donation: how to donate: the way of donation, etc. ;

(4) Donation delivery: mode: fund tracking, etc. ;

(5) Tracking children's situation: information symmetry and information symmetry during school.

(6) Feedback: It mainly involves objectives and methods (key donors, broad donors, the public, etc.). ).

2. Practical significance:

This study is based on the team's own early experience and materials, as well as the team's existing public welfare development direction. Through extensive literature retrieval in the early stage, we found that as far as the existing research papers are concerned, most of the existing research only stays at? World view? At what level? Find problems and ask questions? The stage, most of which are not from the real? Rural grants? ? Methodology? Yes, is it? How? Make a better, deeper and more targeted investigation on the problem of education funds; Similarly, after most team surveys, most papers only ask questions, but provide macro-level solutions, and the actual situation in the surveyed places has not changed.

The research that the team will conduct this time is based on team development. In order to make this survey more instructive, we should consider it from the perspective of its feasibility and sustainability, and we can focus on it in the whole investigation process. Feasibility and sustainability? Conduct corresponding regional visits, problem design and interviews; At the same time, I visited non-profit organizations with rich experience to discuss the practicability of grant projects, that is, Methodology? To some extent, the problem can ensure that the team can reflect the substantive significance of this survey in the later research results and the future project development direction of the team after this survey.

3. Background:

At present, the development of rural education funds based on grants has attracted much attention and support from all walks of life. The present situation of grants in rural areas of China is as follows: In order to improve children's education rate and literacy rate in one school year, social requirements mostly emphasize basic education. Generally speaking, the basic education funds are abundant, but in the important stage of academic progress in life, the attention to the secondary education expenses is generally less;

In addition to the trend of the whole society to help mountainous areas, we choose to subsidize junior high school and senior high school education. At the same time, we also draw a conclusion through the original investigation and analysis of the local situation that there is a strong demand for grants in middle schools.

This research site is located in Yanyuan County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. The following will be analyzed from the existing situation on site:

(1) The economic conditions are generally poor:

Yanyuan County has a relatively developed apple industry, tobacco industry and tourism industry, and its economy is developing well in Liangshan Prefecture, but its per capita income level is low (agriculture and alpine animal husbandry are the main industries), so it is difficult for families to afford tuition and fees, accommodation fees, meals and other expenses for their children to go to middle schools far away from their family's place of residence. Children in junior high school don't enjoy free lunch, and there are no foreign teachers in senior high school, so the tuition is high.

(2) fierce academic competition:

Yanyuan County has 8 junior high schools and only 2 senior high schools, covering an area of 8,388 square meters. The number of schools is small, which makes it difficult to meet children's needs for further education. Therefore, the number of students who can be admitted to junior high school is limited, and the number of students admitted to senior high school is one in a million.

(3) Less families receive support:

Children in Liangshan generally go to school late, and most of them are over 15 and 16 years old when they graduate from primary school. Many children go out to work to support their families, and families generally have little willingness to support their children to continue their studies.

(4) Children's own willingness to learn:

Living in mountainous areas, the surrounding learning atmosphere is not strong, and many children have low interest in learning and great competition, so it is difficult for most children to continue their studies.

To sum up, after fierce competition in local junior high schools, children who can attend junior high schools are guaranteed to some extent:

(1) children have good grades and can stand out from the fierce academic competition;

(2) family support, even if you are tired and tired, send your children to school;

(3) Children are willing to learn and can read persistently, optimistically and actively;

(4) To be able to predict the future development of children to a certain extent and return to their hometown;

(5) Investment in grants can show its positive and effective impact on children;

Therefore, it is more targeted and effective to choose grants for middle school students.

Three. Investigate the implementation plan and scheme.

(a) the choice and description of the research site

1. Study site selection: Gaizu Township, Yanyuan County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province;

2. Reasons for choosing the research site:

(1) Local foundation: After more than one year of communication with the local area, the team has established good contact with relevant local organizations, schools and their staff, and now has a preliminary regional research foundation, which can ensure the safety of research members to a certain extent;

(2) Problems in practice: During the team's early research on the local area and the practice of helping the local area, the team found some related problems, such as uneven distribution of education funds and lack of transparency, which greatly affected the development path of local children;

(3) Thought: As one of the big counties in Liangshan Prefecture, the residents of Yanyuan County are relatively open-minded and can accept outsiders to enter the area. Hello? Chinese dream? Call and? Urbanization? What else does this county have in the mountainous countryside under the impetus of the government? Urbanization? Suddenly, development is typical;

(4) Transportation: The area is close to Lugu Lake tourist area in Sichuan, with relatively developed transportation and a certain transportation foundation, which can ensure the travel of survey members between survey areas;

(5) Regional typicality: this place is located at the junction of Sichuan and Yunnan, mainly in mountainous areas. The particularity of its terrain is of universal significance to the whole Liangshan area, and the rural education and people's thoughts in the residence are relatively typical;

(6) Ethnic Diversity: This area is the home of Han, Yi, Mongolian, Tibetan and other ethnic minorities, with diverse ethnic groups, multi-ethnic cultures and multiculturalism, which can better cover most ethnic groups in the southwest of China (Yunnan, Guichuan and other places) and the issue of developing education funds.

(2) investigation and research methods and instructions

1. Investigation and research methods:

Social research methods such as literature study, questionnaire survey and interview were used to study.

2. Description of research methods:

(1) Study period:

In the early stage of this study, we will mainly conduct qualitative analysis through telephone interviews and summing up past experience. Then, on the basis of qualitative analysis, we will determine the feasibility of this direction from the aspects of the whole funding process, the selection of funding groups, the screening criteria of different funding, the way of raising social donation funds, the way of sending donations to children, the tracking of children's situation in the later period and the feedback from all walks of life.

In the main time period of the whole survey (that is, the time period at the survey site), the methods such as field survey, personal interview and questionnaire survey are mainly used. We will use these methods to conduct a more detailed investigation on the flow of subsidies from all aspects.

In the early stage, we will visit non-profit organizations with certain experience in granting scholarships to understand their main contents and corresponding standards, and conduct interviews and questionnaires using original network information (including second-hand literature and information) to further understand their corresponding information;

Second, after going to the local middle school that I have been in contact with for a long time, I communicate with the school, mainly through field visits and interviews to understand the existing ways of social aid scholarships, the screening criteria for recipients, the effectiveness of utilization, the transparency of funds, and collect their opinions and suggestions;

Finally, to understand the local subsidized children and middle school students, mainly through questionnaires and interviews, from the children themselves, their parents' attitudes, and other villagers in the village (such as neighbors), it will involve the basic status of maturity and the attitudes of relevant personnel.

In this lasting research, the research team will mainly pay attention to the educational fund demand of rural children through field visits, interviews and interviews. This study will not only have detailed and in-depth data investigation and analysis, but also intervene from the perspective of college students' non-profit organizations with practical experience to discuss this issue more comprehensively and deeply.

(2) the program block diagram of the question is as follows:

This study will adopt a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Considering the special communication conditions in mountainous areas and the general understanding ability of respondents, qualitative methods are mainly used, supplemented by quantitative methods (questionnaires).

Literature analysis and research summary? Determine the research object? Research design (including school screening, local communication non-profit organization screening, mountain background investigation, interview design)? Take a small sample for pre-test (summarize interview answers and adjust interview questions to calculate the validity and reliability of the questionnaire)? Revise the research (including questionnaires and interviews)? On-the-spot investigation and research (including various data collection of relevant schools), interviews with non-profit organizations and schools (understanding the shortage of education funds for local students in their eyes and digging lessons), people (collecting and sorting out relevant problems of students of different ages, parents' expectations, other villagers' views, etc.). )? Summary and analysis of survey data (SPSS statistical analysis method)? Re-checking in the local area and summarizing feasible and sustainable funding suggestions? Report writing.

⑶ Research advantages and explanations

1. Team advantage and base camp advantage:

The research direction mainly comes from the existing public welfare team of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies? Building a dream hometown? Through practice, the corresponding practical experience and preliminary research are obtained. ? Building a dream hometown? The charity team was established on June 2011/kloc-0. This team has been established for two years. During this period, the team has accumulated a lot of experience in helping Liangshan, Sichuan, and the management model has gradually matured. After long-term communication with local non-profit organizations and schools, we have deepened our understanding of the local situation, and determined this research topic after fully understanding the local area, making the topic more targeted and practical. At the same time, in the past two years' development, the team has not only won the support of its universities, but also established a good cooperation model with local non-profit organizations, school leaders and their teachers. Liangshan, Sichuan, as the project execution place of the team, has the advantage of establishing research topics. In addition, our team is small, which is convenient for information exchange, management and efficient work.

2. Membership advantages:

The members of this research group are mainly from the original works? Building a dream hometown? Public welfare team, most members have public welfare practice and research experience, and are more speculative and directional about public welfare and research topics; There are Sichuanese in the team, who can speak fluent local language and be familiar with local culture, which is more conducive to communication during the inspection. Moreover, the team members are not only related people in administrative management, law and other related research disciplines, but also members of other professions. They have multi-disciplinary advantages in the research process, and can better think about problems from different disciplines. As the instructor of the school volunteer action guidance center, the team consultant has rich discipline foundation and volunteer work practice and management experience.

3. The research topic is highly targeted:

This research topic mainly aims at the problem of rural children's grants, and studies it from many angles. After consulting the analysis data, the existing research results are not deep or comprehensive enough, and the feasibility is low; This topic has strong pertinence, small research scope and clear positioning? Gaizu Township, Yanyuan County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, this study is more inclined to focus on Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, and study the feasibility and sustainability in combination with the local actual situation, rather than talk about it without the reality of Kan Kan.

4. Have a certain understanding of the research site:

The team conducted a preliminary research and teaching practice in Liangshan, and had a certain understanding of the research site. At the same time, in the process of long-term assistance, it has a better understanding of the communication, behavior patterns and related cultures between local people (including their ethnic minorities) and relevant personnel of research projects. At the same time, we have established deep feelings with local children (mainly primary and junior high school children), so we have a deeper understanding of the problem, which is more conducive to raising and solving problems efficiently.

5. Pay attention to the influence of culture and make the topic more humane;

In this survey, the team not only pays attention to the progress of the project, but also cares about the local children. Different from other rural research teams, we are more based on the long-term development of children's educational funding needs, not just the flow of grants themselves. At the same time, it also pays attention to the combination with local minority culture and special Han culture, and pays attention to the special education grant needs of children in minority areas.

6. The topic is of high value, the results can be used for reference, the implementation possibility is great, and the effect is great:

Our team has established good cooperative relations with relevant organizations and enterprises and has a wide range of available resources. After this survey, the results obtained by the team can be used for reference by other relevant organizations, such as: cooperating with financial sponsors in Guangdong and local non-profit organizations in Liangshan, by promoting the connection of resources between the two places, the ability development of Liangshan children can be better promoted and problems can be better solved.

7. The team has a certain foundation of financial practice:

After three field investigations in Liangshan, it is found that there is a certain financial practice foundation and the direction of capital expenditure, and the ability to control funds is higher, and the finance is more open and transparent, and there is a good internal summary and external feedback mechanism. The above experience can reasonably allocate the expenditure proportion of this study.

Four. additional

Mainly display the attachments related to the survey. The following are four attachments sent with the paper.

Schedule of investigation and practice

Because the attachment information is more specific, please pay attention to the reply email for the actual time promotion information.

(B) for teachers' surveys and interviews

As the attachment information is more specific, please pay attention to the email reply to the competition for the actual interview information.

(C) for parents' research and interviews

As the attachment information is more specific, please pay attention to the email reply to the competition for the actual interview information.

Student research questionnaire

As the attachment information is more specific, please pay attention to the actual questionnaire information in the email reply to the contest.