Courseware for the second volume of Chinese in senior one: short songs

Introduction to modern pedagogy # Courseware # puts forward computer-aided teaching, which not only challenges teachers, but also provides educators with modern teaching means. When using courseware to teach, the teaching content should be intuitive and the media content should be clear at a glance. The theme of this class is often presented directly in class. Intuition is helpful to improve teaching effect and inherit teaching resources. The following is the second volume of high school Chinese: short songs. Welcome to read and learn from it.

The first teaching goal

1. Taste the thirst for talents expressed in poetry.

2. Improve students' ability to appreciate ancient poetry.

3. Cultivate noble moral sentiments

Teaching methods of reading appreciation, discussion and analysis

The teaching idea is to appreciate the thoughts and feelings of "worry", generosity and sadness in "short songs" through reading, analysis and discussion.

One class hour is used for teaching.

Specific teaching steps

Mao Zedong in Qinyuanchun? In Snow, monarchs of all dynasties were impressed by the momentum of smoking: "I cherish the Hanwu of Qin Huang, but my literary talent is not as good as that of Tang Zong's ancestors. "A generation of Tianjiao Genghis Khan can only bend a bow and shoot a big eagle." It is true that with Mao Zedong's literary skills, we can really overlook the feudal emperors from such a height. If only one person can compare with him, it can only be Cao Cao, Emperor Wu of Wei.

Second, the author introduces.

Cao Cao (155-220) was an outstanding politician, strategist and writer in the Three Kingdoms period. He implements the policy of "elite management". "Holding the emperor to make the princes". "There is martial arts outside and literature inside" has made an indelible contribution to the development of history. Cao Cao has a high artistic accomplishment. His Yuefu poems inherited the realistic spirit of Han Yuefu folk songs. His poems are simple in language, deep in emotion, desolate and tragic in style, and have high artistry. There is also Cao Caoji.

Third, the writing background

On the eve of Battle of Red Cliffs, after Cao Cao's army was chained to the ship, Cao Cao looked at the mighty momentum of the army and thought that in a few days, he could wipe out the four seas and unify the Central Plains. He could not help but learn from it happily. So he prepared to drum music, sing and dance to strengthen his military strength, and drank until midnight. Suddenly, he heard that the reputation of crows flew south. Cao Cao felt it and sang this short song, expressing his ambition to unify the Central Plains. This can't help but make people feel. Unfortunately, not long after, Cao Cao was defeated by Sun Liu in Chibi, but this immortal Yuefu poem was widely sung.

Fourth, the understanding of the title.

"short songs" is an old topic in Han Yuefu, which belongs to "harmony songs?" Flat tone. Yuefu also has Long song. Long song, short songs refer to the length of the tune. Line, a genre of ancient songs. This may be the song used at the party.

Five, students have emotional recitation demonstration recitation

Sixth, the overall perception and appreciation of the whole article.

(A) appreciate the deconstructive poetry in sections.

Decompose 1 into a song about wine. What is the geometry of life? For example, morning dew is much more difficult to go to Japan. Generous and unforgettable. Du Kang is the only one who can solve the problem.

In the book, the author emphasizes that he is very worried, so what is he worried about? What's your style (personality)?

"When the wine song, life geometry? For example, it is much more difficult to go to Japan in the morning dew. " Sad mood, lamenting the shortness of life and the passage of time; More importantly, the whole poem is full of high emotions and contains the idea of working hard in time. It is closely related to the poet's pursuit of virtue and achievement.

In these eight poems, the main emotional feature is a word "sorrow", which needs to be dispelled with wine. The emotion of "worry" itself cannot be evaluated, only the objective content of this emotion can be evaluated, that is, what is "worry". Worrying because of selfishness, decadence and even reaction is a negative emotion; On the contrary, worrying about the purpose of some progress will become a positive emotion. Looking at the specific historical background, the melancholy expressed by Cao Cao here belongs to the latter and should be properly evaluated in history.

Decomposition of two green wild peas, leisurely in my heart. But for you, I've been thinking about it. A herd of deer ate mugwort in Ye Yuan. I have a group of good guests who are playing the piano.

Question: What poems are quoted here? What does it say? What technology is used?

Qing: These eight sentences are more touching and deeper. The sentence "Qingqing" was originally a book of songs? Zheng Feng? In Zi Heng, the original poem is about a girl who misses her lover. Even if I don't go, I'd rather not inherit this voice? "Your green collar deeply bothers me. Although I can't come to you, why don't you take the initiative to send me a message? ) Cao Cao quoted this poem and said that he had been reciting it in a low voice, which was really ingenious. This allusion directly implies the yearning for "talents"; But more importantly, he omitted two sentences: "Even if I don't go, I'd rather not pass on my voice?" Because it is impossible for Cao Cao to look for those "talents" one by one, he reminded them in this implicit way: "Even if I didn't look for you, why didn't you take the initiative to look for me?" From this implicit meaning, we can see that his intention of "seeking talents" is really thoughtful and has touching power. This touching power embodies the combination of politics and artistic creation.

Then he quoted the Book of Songs? Xiaoya? Four sentences in "Luming Literature" describe the scene of the banquet between the two parties, which means that as long as you come to me, I will treat you wholeheartedly as a "guest". These eight sentences still don't clearly say the word "seeking the virtuous", because Cao Cao writes poems, so he uses allusions as metaphors, which is the expression of "being gentle, respectful and frugal" (that is, implicit expression).

Decomposition 3 is as clear as the moon. When can it be? The troubles come from this and cannot be cut off. The weirder, the more useless. Talk about the feast and miss the old grace.

Q: How did this group of poems relate to the previous poems and develop them?

Tip: These eight sentences are the emphasis and care for the above sixteen sentences. The above sixteen sentences mainly have two meanings, that is, worrying about seeking the virtuous and treating the virtuous with courtesy. The first four sentences are about sorrow, which are the first eight sentences; The last four sentences talk about the arrival of "talents", which are the last eight sentences. Therefore, the whole poem is more restrained and deep, and the lyricism is strengthened. Judging from the literary theme of expressing poetry, these eight sentences are not simple repetitions, but contain profound meanings.

The first statement: the bright moon in the sky has been running and will not stop ("stop" means "stop" and "short song played by Jin Yue" means "stop"); Similarly, my idea of seeking the virtuous will not be cut off. On this point, the author will be more clear in the following, which is just a connecting link and plays a transitional and buffering role.

The second statement: "It is as clear as the moon. When will it be forgotten?" Literally, it means "when can the bright moon in the sky be picked?" Here, a metaphor is used to compare talents to the bright moon, which appropriately expresses the desire of talents to return. In the case that this has not yet been realized, "anxiety comes from this and cannot be cut off."

Breaking down the stars in April, the black magpie flew south and circled the tree three times. What can we rely on? The mountain is not too high, the sea is not too deep, the duke of Zhou vomits, and the world returns to the heart.

Question: How to interpret the contents of the first four sentences?

The first four sentences are descriptions of the natural environment. According to legend, this poem was written on the eve of the battle between Cao Cao and Sun Quan. Cao Cao hosted a banquet in honor of the generals by the Yangtze River. In fact, the moon is close to noon, which makes the poet happy. Therefore, Cao Cao used the scene of black magpies walking around trees and "with what branches" to inspire the wise. Don't be half-hearted, be good at choosing branches and live, and come to you quickly. These four poems vividly describe the situation and mood of those who hesitate, but the author not only does not accuse them at all, but reveals his concern and sympathy for these people in his rich poems. It is completely reasonable to attract and strive for talents, and it also gives full play to the unique infectious role of poetry.

Question: How do the last four sentences express the main idea?

Analysis hint: the last four sentences make the finishing point, and clearly express the courage. I hope all talents will come back to me and understand the theme of this poem. Quoting the allusion of "Duke Zhou vomited food" highlights the author's thirst for talents. The phrase "the mountain will never be too high, and the sea will never be too deep" also convincingly shows that the more talents, the better (the mountain will never be too high, so it can be very high; The sea never tires of water, so it can be deepened; The king never got tired of being a scholar, so the world returned to his heart.

(2) Answer the questions according to the group discussion.

1. What is the theme (theme) expressed in this poem?

2. What artistic expressions are used in this poem?

3. How does the poet express his thirst for talent in twists and turns?

Seven. abstract

"Short Songs" reveals the author's eager desire to recruit talents and make contributions, hoping that a large number of talents will be used by him. In his political activities, Cao Cao strongly emphasized that "meritocracy is the best way to do things", and for this reason, he successively promulgated the orders of seeking talents, talents and leisure. In fact, the short song is a song of seeking the virtuous. Because of its poetic form and rich lyric elements, it can exert its unique appeal. Vigorously publicize his persistence and cooperate with his decrees.

Eight, proficient in reading and understanding the main idea of homework

Nine, blackboard writing design

Chapter 2 1 discusses the status and content of textbooks.

"Short Song" is the second song in Lesson 8, Unit 2, Compulsory Chinese for Senior One in People's Education Publishing House. This unit mainly studies the poems from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties. The unit content includes: Two Poems of The Book of Songs, Li, Peacock Flying Southeast, and Three Poems of Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties, which is another stage for freshmen in senior high school to learn poetry on the basis of compulsory 1 Unit 1.

Short Songs is a four-character poem written by wei ren Cao Cao, with Yuefu as the old theme. Although it inherited the tradition of Yuefu in Han Dynasty, it swept away the decadent poetic style of enjoying life in time in the face of short life in Han Dynasty and replaced it with vivid realistic content-lofty political ideal, desire to make contributions and strong personality, which all reflected the creative style of Wei and Jin literati. Learning it has positive educational significance for middle school students' ideological morality and life value orientation.

Second, talk about teaching objectives.

Reading Appreciation is the main content of high school Chinese textbook published by People's Education Publishing House. The requirements of the new curriculum standard for this part are: students can constantly enrich their spiritual life, improve their personality and enhance their life realm in appreciation activities; And can read fluently in Mandarin, properly express the thoughts and feelings of the text and their own reading feelings, and improve students' Chinese literacy. Therefore, both the syllabus and textbooks emphasize that the teaching of Chinese poetry appreciation unit in senior high school must focus on cultivating students' good reading quality, and the teaching focus must be on how to guide students to read and appreciate.

According to the characteristics of Curriculum Standards and textbooks, combined with students' basic learning situation, the teaching objectives of this course are formulated as follows:

1, knowledge and skills:

(1), can read poems fluently in Mandarin;

(2) Understand the connotation of Cao Cao's "sorrow" and feel the emotional changes in his poems;

(3) Learn and master the appreciation methods of using metaphors and allusions in poetry.

2. Process and methods: By creating situations, reading repeatedly, asking questions and discussing, etc., students are guided to explore and feel the text independently, and their learning abilities such as independent cooperation and method induction are cultivated.

3. Emotion and attitude: Experience and learn Cao Cao's enterprising spirit to realize the value of life.

Third, talk about the difficulties in teaching.

Teaching emphasis: to understand the tortuous expression of the poet's desire to recruit talented people to make contributions.

Teaching difficulties: 1. Grasp the artistic conception (content) of poetry through the language of poetry.

2. Use allusions and metaphors to express feelings.

Fourth, talk about learning.

My class is K- 1 class, and the students' learning situation in this class is as follows:

1. In knowledge and ability, poetry emphasizes reading aloud, but in reading aloud, compared with other literary genres, senior one students in our school are more interested in reading poetry aloud. If we can grasp this point, it will increase the learning atmosphere in the classroom. However, students' understanding of poetry is still at the primary level. During the study of China's modern poetry, the first unit of the compulsory course, we found that students have a narrow reading range and shallow life experience, and they have no patience to explore the poet's thoughts and feelings through poetry, so it is difficult to grasp the thoughts and feelings of poetry. Although this unit has paved the way for the previous poetry teaching, I feel that students' reading foundation of poetry is still relatively weak, and their ability to appreciate poetry needs to be further strengthened.

2. Personality: These students are not active enough to study, like silence, and cannot actively participate in classroom activities and express themselves. Just like passive acceptance, teachers should learn a little when they speak, and their autonomy needs to be cultivated and improved.

Learning methods: Due to the limited learning ability, there are more subjects in senior high school, and there are not many subjects that can be completed independently after class, so there is no time to review, let alone preview new lessons. Usually, a text can't be read before class, and many teaching tasks can only be completed during class time.

Third, talk about teaching methods.

According to the content of teaching materials and the characteristics of learners, students are encouraged to study independently, arouse their initiative, cultivate their ability to analyze and solve problems, improve their Chinese literacy, and acquire the ability and methods to learn to learn. This lesson mainly adopts the following strategies:

1. experience method: students can read aloud in combination with the situation, which can deeply understand the emotion and connotation of poetry.

2. Questioning and dispelling doubts: guide students to be good at finding and asking questions, and cultivate personalized reading ability.

3. Group cooperation dialogue and communication method: through the dialogue between students and texts-the dialogue between students and teachers, students' autonomy, cooperation and inquiry ability are cultivated.

4. Expanding research method: using old and new knowledge to expand, transmit and enrich the cultural connotation of poetry.

Preparation of teaching resources for verbs (abbreviation of verb)

(1) Video clip of Cao Cao's "Writing Poems of The Romance of Three Kingdoms".

② Self-made ppt courseware

Sixth, talk about the teaching process.

(1) Review the import situation and define the learning objectives: (4 minutes)

2. Introduction topic: Today, let's learn a short song that he sang when he led 800,000 troops to line up along the Yangtze River, hoping to destroy the "Sun-Liu Alliance" in one fell swoop.

Design intention: Start with talking about Cao Cao and see how students' knowledge reserves and reading skills are. Guide students into poetry and Cao Cao's heart.

(2), the overall perception of poetry (8 minutes)

1, reading perception: organize students to read the whole poem freely and initially perceive the poem.

2. pronunciation. The teacher used multimedia to show the pronunciation of the important words preset in this poem.

3. Situational infection: Play a video clip of Cao Cao's Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

Please read the whole poem all your life.

Design intention: Only the original ecological reading can truly see the students' learning situation. Teachers should not be preconceived and respect the law of learning from the superficial to the deep. Let students read independently and fluently. The video of "Poetry Poetry" allows students to compare other people's reading, so as to further perceive the emotion of poetry.

(3), the text appreciation process (25 minutes)

The first scheme (the attempt of non-indicative teaching method)-autonomy, cooperation and dialogue.

1. Guide students to learn independently: students read poems again and ask questions.

2. Intra-group dialogue: Small problems and easy-to-solve problems are solved in groups.

3. Group dialogue: the group sent representatives to write down the representative problems that could not be solved in the group on the blackboard and ask other groups for help.

Teacher-student dialogue: Problems that can't be solved by group dialogue will be inspired by teachers.

The second teaching scheme: teachers' presupposition and teacher-student cooperation.

1. Solve the problem;

2. Writing background;

3. Breakthrough of teaching emphases and difficulties:

Question 1: What emotions did the poet reveal in this poem? Why is there such an emotion?

(1) Think about what kind of mood Cao Cao has when singing wine songs, and try to sum up this mood with a word or a word.

(2) When reading Sing a Song about Wine, do you remember some poems related to the word "wine" that you learned before?

Transition: calendar * * *, drinking reminds me of poetry, poetry reminds me of wine, wine and poetry seem to be twin brothers, and they have forged an indissoluble bond. Please tell us what kind of feelings Cao Cao expressed when drinking in this poem.

(3) What is the author worried about?

(4) What rhetoric does the author use when describing the short life? What are the advantages of this kind of rhetoric?

Transition: Since ancient times, people have lamented that time is fleeting and life is easy to get old. If so, please tell me.

⑤ The beginning of Cao Cao's "Short Songs" also expresses the feeling of short time and geometric life. Then why does Cao Cao think that only wine can solve unforgettable "troubles" after lamenting that life is short?

Question2: People often say that they tell the truth after drinking. Did Cao Cao confide his "truth" to everyone after drinking? If so, what is it? Please explain it with the poems in the text.

(2) What expressive skills are used in these sentences?

(3) What psychological desire does the poet express by quoting allusions, and what is the function of this expression?

Ask a classmate to analyze other sentences with allusions in the text.

⑤ The effect of inducing the expression of classics.

Transition: Cao Cao, who is full of knowledge, conveyed his sincere desire and courtesy for talents in euphemistic language. According to our analysis of typical sentences, please summarize how to understand typical poems clearly. What are the advantages of using allusions?

Question 3: Besides using allusions, what other artistic techniques are there to express thoughts and feelings? Try to analyze it. Group exploration. (Pay attention to the presentation format)

Teacher's summary: Through the understanding of the poet's various expressions, we walked into the author's heart and learned that Cao Cao not only showed his heart of seeking talents, but also showed his courtesy to talents and showed a sincere and touching power. It can be said that this poem itself is striving for talent and advertising.

Design intent: 1. Give students the initiative in learning, and learn to appreciate poetry and master the corresponding methods and skills through various interactive dialogues such as intra-group dialogue, inter-group dialogue and teacher-student dialogue. Let students have the feeling that they will learn as soon as they learn. This is also a means to break through the difficulties.

2. In the process of students' dialogue and communication, read aloud in time, so that students' feelings and understanding can be effectively combined with the text, so that reading can promote enlightenment and enlightenment can promote reading.

3. Students' temporary problems test teachers' basic skills and classroom control ability. This is a challenge for teachers. But I think such a course is real.

(4) Class consolidation (8 minutes)

Recite "short songs"

Design intention: This poem is full of emotional twists and turns, suitable for reading aloud, and has many essential sentences, so that students can experience the poet's interest through repeated recitation. Class time is also used to implement and consolidate recitation tasks in time.

Seven, said homework design

Read Cao Cao's "Seeking Virtue Order" and then finish the poem "Short Songs". What does Cao Cao's view of seeking morality inspire modern life and you? Requirements: Write it on paper first, and then prepare to speak.

Design intention: to train students to understand the content value of ancient literature from the perspective of historical development and draw national wisdom from it; Examine the works with modern concepts and evaluate their positive significance and historical limitations. Let the students communicate through writing after learning the text, and deepen their understanding of this poem through writing.

Eight, say blackboard writing design

Thoughts, feelings and artistic techniques are the key and difficult points of this course. Show these two parts to students with a clear and coherent impression. The induction of expression forms is the guidance for knowledge to rise to skills and methods.