Student safety education during epidemic prevention and control

#education# Introduction At present, it is still an important period for the prevention and control of the new coronavirus pneumonia epidemic. In order to further ensure the safety of students at home and outside during special periods, strictly prevent various safety accidents, and ensure the safety of students' lives and family property, the following is a warm reminder. For more related content, please pay attention to the Education Channel!

Part 1 Student Safety Education During the Epidemic Prevention and Control Period

1. Epidemic prevention safety: During the epidemic, educate children to avoid going out as much as possible, and to wear masks correctly and take protective measures when they really need to go out. . Pay attention to changes in children's body temperature, and monitor and report body temperature in accordance with school requirements.

2. Disinfection safety: Due to the existence of the epidemic, most families have stored disinfection items such as alcohol and 84 disinfectant. The storage location should avoid high temperatures and contact with fire sources is strictly prohibited. Disinfect strictly according to the instructions for use to achieve disinfection and ensure safety.

3. Fire and electricity safety: Accompany your children to learn some fire protection knowledge and conduct home fire safety inspections. We must focus on the "three cleans and three checks":

Clear the balcony

Clean the walkways

Clean the combustible materials in the kitchen and park them in the stairwell, and evacuate them Battery cars being charged at passages and safety exits

? Turn off the fire at home

? Turn off the power supply

4. Food safety: Educate children not to overeat, eat spoiled or expired food, and avoid food poisoning. Remember to remind your children to wash their hands before eating and after using the toilet.

5. Internet safety: Children spend more time online during special periods. In addition to studying online, educate children not to browse unhealthy web pages, not to be obsessed with games, etc.

6. Psychological safety: In the face of the current epidemic, educate children not to spread or believe rumors. Use authoritative information provided by the government to help children popularize knowledge about the epidemic, use a scientific and rational attitude to view the occurrence and spread of the epidemic, and help children build confidence in defeating the epidemic.

7. Work, rest and sports safety: Educate children to live and study regularly, keep warm, do moderate physical exercise, improve immunity, and avoid sports injuries.

8. Anti-fraud security: Remind children to guard against all forms of communication network fraud, refuse any form of door-to-door sales and phone calls to sell disinfection products, and educate children not to open the door to strangers when they are alone at home.

9. Prevent falling from high altitude: As the temperature rises, some families may open windows for ventilation. Parents should be reminded and educated not to climb on window sills or play on unenclosed balconies or rooftops. At the same time, attention should be paid to children's psychological and emotional changes to prevent falling incidents.

10. It is safe to prevent drowning when going out without permission. Parents should strengthen the safety supervision of their children at home. In addition to online classes, they must keep track of their children's life and understand their children's whereabouts outside the home. Children should always be educated not to go out to swim without permission, not to swim with classmates without permission, not to swim without the guidance of parents, not to swim in waters without safety facilities and rescuers, not to swim in unfamiliar waters, and not to swim in rivers. Playing in the water, fishing, and fishing near reservoirs and ponds. Students who are not good at water are not allowed to go into the water to rescue without authorization, and they are not allowed to play in places where there is no safety guarantee. To participate in swimming activities, you should swim in a safe and regular swimming pool and must be accompanied by a guardian. Make appropriate preparations before swimming to prevent drowning. Children should be educated to call the police or call for help immediately if they find someone drowning, and not to blindly go into the water to rescue, to avoid more casualties.

11. Traffic safety. Parents should educate their children not to ride with their hands off when going out, not to ride with others, not to ride "sick" cars, not to ride fast, not to compete with motor vehicles, not to ride parallel to each other, not to ride in bad weather, and not to ride with motor vehicles. Vehicles compete for lanes. When crossing the road, you must abide by the traffic rules and "go when the light is green and stop when the light is red". Don't cross the road, don't play on the road. Do not take illegal means of transportation such as "black cars". Students under the age of 12 are not allowed to ride bicycles.

Part 2: Student safety education during epidemic prevention and control

1. Disinfection safety protection

During the epidemic, many families will disinfect their homes every day. Commonly used disinfectants in daily life include chlorine-containing disinfectants, such as the well-known 84 disinfectant. This product can be purchased in supermarkets and can be used to disinfect tableware, tables, chairs, toilet ware and other items.

(1) Typical accident cases

1. The emergency room of Dalian Children’s Hospital received three consecutive children within one day who mistakenly drank disinfectant as a drink.

An 8-year-old child mistook the 84 disinfectant solution bottle for a milk bottle. The parent placed the 84 disinfectant solution, which looked similar to a vat of milk, in the bathroom. The 8-year-old child did not pay attention and mistook it. Take as milk.

10-year-old child: Put the sodium hypochlorite disinfectant water into the empty beverage bottle that the child likes to drink. The parent put the sodium hypochlorite disinfectant water into the empty beverage bottle, but what they didn’t notice was that this drink was the child’s favorite drink. , and it was not labeled, causing children to take it by mistake.

3-year-old child: 75% alcohol was put into a drink bottle. This is a child who is younger than the first two. The parent put 75% alcohol into the drink bottle, causing the 3-year-old child to mistakenly think It is taken with a drink.

2. On the morning of February 8, Xiao Zhang (pseudonym), a resident of Hangzhou, Zhejiang, disinfected his head, face, neck, limbs and clothing surfaces with alcohol next to a high-power electric heater. The alcohol evaporated when heated. The clothes were set on fire, and Xiao Zhang's head, face, neck, limbs, respiratory tract and other parts were severely burned.

(2) Safety Precautions

Pay attention to the following points when using disinfectants at home:

1. Do not use drinks in the bottles that hold the disinfectant. Use a bottle instead so the child doesn’t think it’s a drink and drinks it. If used in other bottles, be sure to indicate the word "disinfectant". If there are babies or children at home, parents should pay special attention and the disinfectant must be placed high up or in a locked cabinet.

2. Read the product instructions carefully before use, and strictly follow the concentration, dosage and disinfection time of the disinfectant. 84 disinfectant cannot be mixed with alcohol, toilet cleaning liquid containing hydrochloric acid, etc. After mixing, toxic chloride or highly toxic chlorine gas may be produced, which is harmful to health; 75 alcohol can effectively disinfect, but it is flammable and explosive and can easily cause fire. Be sure to pay attention to safety when using it, stay away from fire sources, and cut off the power supply.

3. Air disinfection must be carried out when no one is in the room. In order to ensure the disinfection effect, the doors and windows should be closed during disinfection and family members should leave the room. After disinfection, the doors and windows should be opened for ventilation and the smell should dissipate. Later, the family members entered again.

(3) Emergency measures

1. Ingestion by mistake: Take 100-200 ml of milk or raw egg white orally immediately, and go to the hospital immediately.

2. Inhalation: If you have difficulty breathing, go to the hospital immediately.

3. Eyes: After splashing into your eyes, immediately rinse with plenty of water for 15 minutes. If you still have persistent pain, photophobia, and tearing symptoms, go to the nearest hospital for treatment.

4. Skin contact: After contact with high-concentration disinfectants, rinse thoroughly with water. If you still have pain or irritation symptoms, go to the nearest hospital for treatment.

2. Electrical safety protection

Many parents find that after being at home for a long time, their children can use many electrical appliances by themselves after tinkering with them. However, apart from the "surprise", parents should also consider that if children use electricity carelessly, it will be dangerous and even cause serious injury.

(1) Typical accident cases

1. At 4:47 a.m. on February 10, a fire broke out in a high-rise residential building in Fengtai District, Beijing. Firefighters rescued 4 trapped people on site and evacuated them. 5 people, but fortunately there were no casualties. After on-site investigation, the cause of the fire was initially determined to be caused by the explosion of the electric bicycle battery and ignition of surrounding combustible materials.

2. At 12:16 on February 16, a fire broke out in a dormitory in Haicheng District, Beihai City, Guangxi, and three people were trapped in the room on the third floor and the balcony.

The cause of the fire was initially determined to be that a fault in the electrical circuit caused surrounding combustible materials to catch fire.

(2) Safety precautions

1. Various household appliances have different uses and methods of use, and some are more complicated. General household appliances should be learned to use under the guidance of parents, but dangerous appliances should not be used alone.

2. If you find that the appliance is emitting smoke, sparks, or a burnt smell during use, you should immediately turn off the power switch and stop using it.

3. Hair dryers, rice cookers, electric irons, electric heaters and other electrical appliances will emit high heat during use. Care should be taken to keep them away from flammable items such as paper and cotton to prevent fire; at the same time, Be careful to avoid burns when using.

4. Avoid using electrical appliances in humid environments (such as bathrooms), and do not let electrical appliances get wet or damp. This will not only damage the electrical appliances, but also cause the risk of electric shock.

5. The dehydration drum of the washing machine rotates at high speed during operation. Do not touch it with your hands or other objects to prevent injury.

6. If electrical appliances are left unused for a long time, they are prone to moisture, corrosion and damage. They need to be carefully inspected before reuse.

7. When purchasing household appliances, choose qualified products with reliable quality.

(3) Knowledge on safe use of electricity

Take this opportunity to teach children about safe use of electricity, so that they can learn to protect themselves and avoid accidents.

1. Teach children how to use electrical appliances

Educate children to pay attention to safety, explain the dangers of tampering with electrical appliances, and do not tamper with electrical equipment without adults present. However, when the child becomes sensible (over 5 years old), he can be taught how to use some common electrical appliances and allowed to use them under the guidance of adults.

2. Teach children to read safety signs

Let children know that red: means prohibition and stop information. When encountering a red sign, it is strictly forbidden to touch it. Yellow: Indicates danger. Such as "beware of electric shock", "pay attention to safety", etc. Blue: Indicates instructions and regulations that must be followed. Green: Indicates instructions, safety status, and access.

3. Let children know which items in life are conductive.

Let children know that all metal products are conductive. Never use these items to come into direct contact with the power supply. For example: Do not touch or test the inside of the power socket with your hands or conductive objects (such as wire, nails, pins and other metal products). Let your children understand that water also conducts electricity. Be careful not to get water on electrical appliances, do not touch them with wet hands, and do not wipe them with a wet cloth. Do not use wet hands to connect the plug, as this may cause electric shock.

4. Educate children not to approach fallen wires

Educate children to stay away from fallen wires when they see them, not to approach them, and not to touch them with their hands. Children should be taught that even the simplest things such as installing light bulbs should not be done by themselves. They should ask adults to solve it.

5. Teach children the common sense of first aid for electric shocks

After children become sensible, let them know the function and position of the main power switch, and learn to turn off the main power supply in an emergency. Let children understand that when they find someone getting an electric shock, they should try to turn off the power in time. You cannot rescue people directly with your hands. You should call for help from an adult and do not handle it yourself to prevent electric shock.

III. Fire safety protection

(1) Typical fire cases

1. At 23:51 on February 4, Fengxiang Village, Huqian District, Longgang City, Wenzhou Two three-story houses with two households at No. 19-20 Lizhuang Station exploded and collapsed, trapping 10 people at the scene. After all-out search and rescue efforts, as of 4 a.m. on the 5th, 8 people were rescued (one of whom was in critical condition), and 2 bodies were found during the on-site search and rescue. Preliminary judgment is that the accidental collapse of the house was caused by gas explosion.

2. At about 9:40 on February 12, a fire broke out in the 16th floor of Ankang No. 1 Building in Shaanxi Province. After intense efforts by firefighters to put out the fire, fortunately there were no casualties. It is reported that the cause of the fire was probably caused by naughty children playing with fire at home.

3. A fire broke out at home, and a 6-year-old boy saved himself with a phone call! At 19:20 on February 24, a fire broke out in a house in Chaoshun Apartment, Changshun County, Guizhou. At that time, there was only one person in the house. 6 year old little girl. Fortunately, the little girl knew how to dial the emergency number and dialed 119 immediately. Following the instructions of the firefighter uncle, she opened the door and ran outside the house with her mobile phone, and called her parents. In the end, the fire was put out immediately and did not spread further.

(2) Fire safety knowledge

1. Parents should try not to smoke at home, and students should also discourage parents from smoking. Smokers must not lie down after drinking or before going to bed. Smoking in bed;

2. Turn off the power switch and main valves for gas and liquefied gas when going out and before going to bed;

3. Use high-power household appliances, microwave ovens, electric heaters, Air conditioners, electric irons, etc. should be staggered at different times to prevent wire overload;

4. Don’t play with fire, and stay away from electrical equipment when using alcohol;

5. Do not burn waste paper at home ;

6. Be extra careful when using electric showers, electric mattresses, etc., and install leakage protectors;

7. Electric irons, electric heating cups, hair dryers and other appliances must be turned off when using them. power on before leaving;

8. Do not use high-power light bulbs for heating or baking clothes;

9. Never use open flames (matches, candles, etc.) to search for gas leaks. When you smell gas or liquefied gas at night, open the doors and windows to ventilate the air before turning on the lights;

10. When the weather gets hot and mosquitoes are around, do not put lit mosquito coils against the edge of the bed or curtains place.

(3) Fire self-rescue measures

1. If a fire is discovered, the most important thing is to call the police, so that we can put out the fire in time, control the fire, and reduce the losses caused by the fire. The fire alarm number is 119. This number should be remembered. Do not call the fire alarm at will. Falsifying a fire alarm is an illegal act that disrupts public order. If there is no phone, you should shout loudly or use other methods to attract the attention of neighbors and pedestrians to help put out the fire or call the police.

2. When a fire strikes, escape quickly and don’t be greedy for property.

3. Parents should usually teach their children to understand the basic methods of fire escape and be familiar with several escape routes.

4. When passing through an open flame, put on soaked clothes, bedding, etc. and rush out towards the safety exit.

5. When escaping through thick smoke, keep your body as close to the ground as possible and cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel.

6. If your body is on fire, do not run. You can roll on the spot or use heavy clothing to put out the flames.

7. In case of fire, do not take the elevator and escape toward the safety exit.

8. When there is a fire outside and the door is hot, do not open it to prevent the fire from entering the room. Use soaked bedding, clothing, etc. to block doors and windows, and splash water to cool down.

9. If all escape routes are blocked by fire, return indoors immediately, send a distress signal out the window by flashlight, waving clothes, calling, etc., and wait for rescue.

10. Never jump off the building blindly. You can use evacuation stairs, balconies, drainage pipes, etc. to escape, or tear sheets and quilt covers into strips and connect them into ropes, and fasten them to window frames, iron railings, etc. on the object, slide down the rope, or go down to a floor that is not on fire to escape the danger.

IV. Safety protection for falling from buildings

As the epidemic prevention and control situation improves, various places continue to resume work. Some parents are busy with work and have no time to take care of their children, so they have no choice but to leave their children at home alone. However, now that every household lives in a building, it is very easy for accidents such as children to fall from the building.

(1) Typical accident cases

1. At around 2 pm on February 11, a 4-year-old boy died in a community in the west section of the First Ring Road in Xiayi County, Shangqiu City, Henan Province Unfortunately, he fell from the window (platform) on the 22nd floor. There were no protective windows installed on the floor where the incident occurred. When the boy fell, his parents were helping another child at home with their homework.

2. On the morning of February 27, in the Linjiang Garden Community in Binjiang, Hangzhou, a child about 10 years old unfortunately fell from his home on the 6th floor and was subsequently sent to the hospital for emergency treatment. When the child was sent to the hospital, his condition was already very critical. After the doctors tried their best to rescue her, they could not be saved in the end.

3. On the morning of February 28, a child in Xiangshan Huitengyuan Community, Xiling 2nd Road, Yichang City fell from his balcony on the 7th floor to the platform on the 4th floor. The child fell and was sent to the hospital for rescue. Unfortunately, the rescue was Invalid, unfortunately passed away.

(2) High-altitude fall safety knowledge, parents’ instructions for preventing falls

1. Tell your children that the flying scenes in cartoons are fake and cannot be imitated.

2. Do not hold your child against the window or balcony to greet relatives and friends downstairs.

3. Install safety locks on glass windows or screens.

4. Make sure there are no things for children to climb near the windows.

5. Do not lock your child at home alone, whether he or she is awake or asleep.

(3) How to teach children to prevent falling accidents

1. You can do a falling experiment with eggs with your children. A window with a height of one person, parents or teachers, drop the eggs from the window. Throw them out and use cracked eggs on the ground to tell the children that the consequences of falling from a high place are serious.

2. In addition, you can also set up different scenarios to ask questions: It is raining and the window is not closed, and the mother is not at home. Can the baby close it by himself? If the toy falls out of the window, can the baby stick his head out to find it? In every question and game session, children will be rewarded for correct answers to strengthen their impression.

(4) Precautions for home decoration hardware facilities

1. Windows and balconies that are not used for escape should be equipped with anti-theft nets. If it is for aesthetic reasons, invisible protective nets can be installed;

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2. The height from the climbing surface of the balcony to the upper edge is more than 110 cm, and the interval is less than 10 cm;

3. The railings are not designed horizontally to avoid misleading children to climb;

4. Do not pile debris or place chairs on the balcony floor to prevent children from climbing and falling;

5. The balcony fence should be inspected and repaired regularly to prevent it from becoming old and loose;

　6. Avoid placing climbable objects or furniture (sofas, stools, beds, low cabinets, etc.) near the window sill.

(5) How to provide on-site first aid after falling from height

Part 3: Student safety education during epidemic prevention and control

Network security protection

Under the policy of "no suspension of classes, no suspension of study", students' online time has greatly increased.

(1) Precautions for online classes

1. During the epidemic period, when children are taking online classes, it is recommended that parents choose tools with large screens as much as possible, and the order should be based on the actual situation at home. Yes, TVs are better than computers, computers are better than tablets, and tablets are better than mobile phones. They can better protect children’s eye health.

2. During the epidemic, when children are taking online classes, it is recommended that friends who have a projector at home use a projector to give their children online classes. It is not recommended to use mobile phones to let children take online classes. You must use the screen casting function of your mobile phone to project to Online classes on TV can better ensure the learning effect of children's online classes.

3. Friends who use computers to teach their children online during the epidemic must ensure that the distance between their children's eyes and the computer is at least 40cm. Friends who use TV to teach their children online during the epidemic should ensure that the distance between the children's eyes and the TV is more than three times the diagonal of the TV screen. It can better protect children’s eye health.

4. During the epidemic period, when children take online classes, it is recommended that parents adjust the lighting according to the actual situation at home, and avoid letting children use their eyes for a long time in dim light or strong light. Too dark and too strong light are harmful. It is easy to cause fatigue to children's eyes and can better protect children's eye health.

5. During the epidemic period, after children attend online classes, parents are not recommended to let their children watch TV or use electronic products. They should reasonably regulate the time for children to use their eyes to better protect their children's eye health.

6. After children attend online classes during the epidemic, they should also develop the habit of doing eye exercises at home. They can also look far through the glass to help relax their eyes and relieve visual fatigue.

(2) Regulate children’s use of the Internet

1. Educate children to strictly abide by Internet regulations and resolutely resist bad information that goes against social morality and the excellent traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. Chat in a civilized manner, do not insult or deceive others, do not browse unhealthy websites, do not participate in online gambling, do not post unhealthy words and pictures, do not provide unhealthy content searches, do not spread rumors, do not make rumors, spread the light of civilization in the virtual world, and deliver it correctly Positive knowledge such as epidemic prevention information.

2. Educate children not to be addicted to online games and not to run games with murderous or pornographic content. Online games can enrich our lives, but they can easily make us addicted to them and find it difficult to extricate ourselves. We are middle school students, and learning is our first priority. Games are always just embellishments in our spare time.

3. Educate children to enhance their awareness of self-protection, not to reveal personal and family secrets, not to date netizens at will, not to exchange letters with strangers online, not to make appointments with online "friends" easily, and not to give bad guys a chance. Take advantage of this opportunity to prevent online and phone scams.

Mental health protection

(1) Pay attention to abnormal behavior

News about viruses, epidemics, and deaths are overwhelming in the news, the Internet, and videos. All of a sudden, These inexperienced children feel great uncertainty and fear. In this case, their anxiety and fear may be expressed through abnormal behavior. For example:

1. Frequently wake up at night, cry, and be afraid of some inexplicable things;

2. Always ask: "Mom, Dad, please don't leave me!" "Severe separation anxiety occurs;

3. They are cautious about things and eat less. Or, suddenly become very timid, and are unwilling to participate in the toys or games that they usually like to play;

4. There may also be behaviors such as bedwetting, repeated finger sucking, and nail biting.

(2) Parental response measures

1. To prevent children from being afraid, adults must control their emotions. Have you been overly nervous during this epidemic? Only if you behave calmly can your children get more relaxation information from you. At the same time, children should also be allowed to express their fears. When they feel scared, listen patiently and accompany them. Instead of eagerly trying to persuade them not to be afraid, which would have the opposite effect.

2. Use the right way to convey information about the epidemic to children, instead of just letting them watch the news or listen to adults saying: Where is the situation more serious? The way to popularize children's knowledge is to reduce their direct exposure to news and tell them relevant children's stories or picture books. It is the easiest way for children to accept the knowledge about fighting the virus and the current epidemic through the protagonist of the story they like and through metaphors.

3. During the epidemic, arrange a variety of parent-child activities to relax. Play with toys, read picture books, sing, pick up text, etc. You can also take your children to do housework and cleanliness together. Let children's lives be occupied by interesting games and activities, which is very helpful to distract their attention, so that they can experience the fun of life in the moment, so that they will naturally relax.

Other safety protections

(1) Anti-scalding safety

If you accidentally knock over the hot water kettle, knock over the hot soup, or be burned by the stove while heating wait. To treat burns, you should first cool down and flush the injured area repeatedly with running water.

If the weather is cold and the clothes are thick, do not take off the clothes directly, otherwise it will easily tear the burned area and cause secondary injury. Therefore, when rinsing with cold water, you should take your clothes together and wait until the temperature drops before taking off your clothes. Scalds or burns have damaged the surface layer of skin, making it easy to become infected. Therefore, the injured area must be kept clean during the entire care process.

If you have burn medicine or burn ointment at home, you can apply it gently. If you do not directly wrap the wound lightly with a clean soft cloth, go to the hospital immediately.

(2) Prevent pet bites

Once a child is caught or bitten by a pet, he must immediately go to the relevant department to get rabies vaccine. If the injured area is not large, you can do some pretreatment before seeking medical treatment. Clean the wound repeatedly with soapy water or clean water for more than 20 minutes. If the injured area is relatively large, it cannot be cleaned for too long because large-scale continued blood loss may occur.

(3) Diet safety

All foods must be fully cooked before consumption, with a proper mix of meat and vegetables. Do not eat wild animals. The diet should be light and easy to digest, and should not be greasy. Big fish and big meat.

Maintain a balanced daily diet to ensure adequate nutrition. Eat high-protein foods, fresh and clean vegetables and fruits appropriately. Raw vegetables, fruits, pears and other foods must be washed and peeled, and blanched in boiling water for 3-5 minutes before eating.

Urge children to drink more water and urinate more. Try not to drink cold water and drink warm water instead to speed up body metabolism. At the same time, increase the consumption of dairy products (milk, yogurt) in an appropriate amount.

Remember to remind your children to wash their hands before eating and after using the toilet.

(4) Anti-fraud security

Remind children to beware of various forms of communication network fraud, refuse any form of door-to-door sales and telephone contact to sell disinfection items, and educate children not to do so when they are alone at home. Open the door to random strangers.

The epidemic is temporary, and the safety and health of our children is our eternal wish. Let us join hands to help children master daily home safety knowledge, examine the surrounding environment from a safety perspective, and protect the life safety and health of students. We can spend this special period safely with our children, grow up together, and provide a healthy environment for all students. Contribute your due strength to defeat the epidemic as soon as possible!