2019 Survey Report on Rural Waste Disposal Issues

Rural garbage disposal is one of the most basic tasks to improve the rural living environment and build a beautiful countryside. It is an old problem, a new topic, and a big problem. It is a step to change the bad hygiene habits of farmers that have been followed for thousands of years. A revolution, a war. Doing this work well is of great and far-reaching significance. Recently, the Xuancheng City Better Rural Affairs Office specially organized forces to conduct an investigation, summarized the practices and experiences of garbage disposal in rural cleaning projects, analyzed existing problems, proposed next steps and countermeasures, and formed an investigation report as follows:

1. Practices and Results

In order to effectively change the current situation of dirty and poor rural environment and meet the urgent demands of farmers for a good living environment, since July last year, Xuancheng City Party Committee and City Government have "seized the old problems" , make a big deal, create a new environment", take full coverage of rural garbage treatment as a breakthrough, and vigorously implement rural cleaning projects.

First, the government takes the lead and vigorously promotes it. It is clear that the main person in charge of the county and township party committees is the first responsible person, and the city, county, township and village levels sign target responsibility letters, and establish a zoning contract or joint village system for relevant units in counties and townships. A working mechanism of one report per week, one spot check every month, one inspection every quarter, and one assessment at the end of the year has been established. By holding reporting meetings, observation meetings, on-site meetings, and organizing inspections by Municipal People’s Congress deputies and CPPCC members, we have vigorously promoted and put it on track. . The municipal party committee specially deployed a monthly garbage disposal assault month in the city to clean up accumulated garbage and eliminate sanitation dead spots. The government formed more than 3,300 commando teams, mobilized more than 42,000 people, invested more than 120,000 workers, and cleaned up more than 510,000 tons of garbage, covering all areas. More than 6,400 natural villages. Langxi County selected 94 cadres at the deputy section level or above from county-level units to serve as joint village supervisors of rural cleaning projects. They were decoupled from the work of the original units and went to 94 administrative villages in the county to carry out supervision, guidance and assistance. Jingxian County has established 25 task forces, led by county-level leading cadres, and stationed in rural areas, specifically responsible for coordinating and promoting waste treatment in rural cleaning projects. By the end of last year, the city had invested 250 million yuan in garbage treatment, equipped 79,113 garbage bins, 903 cleaning trucks, built 12,750 garbage pools, 116 garbage incinerators, 65 garbage transfer stations, and equipped 7,508 cleaning staff. With the "four in place" of cleaning teams, sanitation facilities, funding guarantees, and work systems in each administrative village, the city's goal of harmless treatment of rural domestic waste has been basically achieved.

The second is to publicize and educate people to change concepts. All localities have placed publicity and mobilization in an important position, intensified their efforts, opened publicity columns in major media, deeply publicized the importance, goal requirements and work measures of rural cleaning project waste treatment, and timely summarized and reported good models and good experiences in towns and villages. , good practice. Use large signage along traffic lines, LED screens in urban areas, publicity boards, cultural walls, banners and slogans to extend publicity to every corner. In conjunction with the five-level secretary general visit activities, leading cadres at all levels were organized to visit villages and households to carry out publicity. Rural grassroots party organizations and party members and cadres took the lead in demonstration, and mass organizations such as workers, youth and women, and village councils gave full play to their own advantages, actively mobilized and initiated initiatives, and mobilized widespread participation of the masses. Some places have designed various, lively and popular activity carriers to entertain and educate, mobilize all sectors of society to participate, and jointly create an overwhelming atmosphere of public opinion, winning the understanding, participation and support of the masses. Langxi County carried out joint village night visits, contacting county leaders, the Office for Betterment, the Office for Civilization and town and village cadres to go to each farmer's home, distribute a letter to farmers' friends, publicize policy requirements, and do a good job in ideological work among the masses. Ningguo City, Jixi County and other places have organized a women's drum troupe to perform touring performances, and carried out a series of themed practical activities such as "little hands holding big hands" and tens of thousands of volunteers, giving full play to the role of the "five elders" in rural areas and conducting extensive and in-depth publicity. Guangde County carries out a "Clean Household" evaluation activity and establishes a "big evaluation and small prizes" mechanism to evaluate clean, relatively clean and unclean homes, and provide small material rewards.

The third is to innovate methods to improve efficiency. Adhere to reduction, resource utilization and harmlessness, start from the source, advocate "self-produced and self-sold", "daily production and daily sales", "no leaving the village, no group, no home", through "recycling, composting, incineration ", landfill" and other methods are classified and reduced, broken into parts, and disposed of on site. To implement the pilot program of garbage classification and reduction, Langxi County and Jingde County are the pilot counties, and other counties (cities, districts) each select 3 townships, and each township selects 1 village for the pilot.

The "Guiding Opinions on Classification and Reduction of Rural Waste" has been formulated to clarify the classification methods and processing procedures of garbage. Promote the practice of "one bucket, one basket". "One bucket" means setting up fertilizer pits beside rice fields, vegetable fields or mountains and forests to dispose of food waste; "one bucket" means placing landfill garbage and incinerated garbage at home. Collection bucket; "basket" is used to classify and store recyclable waste such as glass, plastic, metal and paper. On the basis of comprehensively implementing garbage classification, Jingde County has subsidized 10,000 yuan and 5,000 yuan respectively at the county and township levels to build village-level construction waste landfills, effectively solving the problem of construction waste disposal. At present, the classification pilot work has been fully launched, and 95 villages have begun implementation. Encourage the outsourcing of cleaning and cleaning services and guide the participation of social capital. 36 environmental sanitation and cleaning companies have been established. 173 villages in 41 towns and towns in the city have implemented market-oriented operation of rural waste disposal. Yunle Township, Jingde County, contracts out the entire township's garbage disposal to Yunlin Rural Property Company, with an annual contract cost of 210,000 yuan. The company is equipped with 24 cleaning staff who clean around the clock and clean every day. The township government assesses the garbage disposal situation every month. . Ningguo City uses a bidding method to contract the garbage terminal processing in seven eastern towns to a property company, and uniformly transports it to urban landfills. Through the market-oriented operation of waste treatment, the government's management costs and work pressure are reduced, and the legitimate rights and interests of environmental sanitation personnel are better protected.

The fourth is to strengthen the guarantee and ensure normal operation. Establish a funding investment mechanism to raise cleaning funds at the standard of 36 yuan per person per year for rural residents, with county (city, district) fiscal subsidies 1/3, rural arrangements 1/3, and farmers raising 1/3 themselves. Since the beginning of this year, the city has invested 77.24 million yuan in rural waste treatment, added or replaced 42,769 trash cans, 1,940 garbage pools, and 202 removal vehicles. Rural waste treatment work has been consolidated and improved on the basis of normal operation. Based on the actual situation, we adopt "household collection, village collection, township transfer, county treatment", "household collection, village collection, township treatment", "household collection, village collection, village treatment", "household collection, household collection, household treatment". Wait for garbage disposal mode. Established and improved systems for cleaning personnel management, garbage collection and disposal, and maintenance of sanitation facilities. Cleaners, sweepers, and incinerators sign standardized labor contracts, clarify areas of responsibility and work requirements, and pay labor remuneration in a timely manner. Environmental sanitation stations have been set up in each township, with full-time staff responsible for supervising the garbage disposal work in each village. The detailed evaluation rules and reward methods for garbage disposal work have been formulated and implemented. The municipal inspection team conducts quarterly inspections and secret inspections, and conducts year-end evaluations. The municipal government arranges special reward funds of 3.5 million yuan every year.

Since the implementation of the rural cleaning project, a good working atmosphere has been formed through solid and effective work in various places, a rural waste management and treatment model that is in line with the current reality of Xuancheng has been explored, and a set of practices have been initially formed. With its effective working methods and working mechanisms, the rural health situation has been greatly improved, and the cadres and the masses have generally praised it. A working pattern of linkage between top and bottom and joint management has been initially formed. Overall, the city's old garbage has been effectively cleaned, the main rivers have been kept clean, the sanitary conditions of each village are good, rural sanitation infrastructure has been effectively improved, farmers' awareness of hygiene has been continuously enhanced, and a number of advanced examples of waste disposal in clean projects have emerged. The rural areas have taken on a completely new look, and the people have received real benefits.

2. Existing problems

First, ideological understanding needs to be improved. A few places do not fully understand the importance of rural garbage disposal, and a few leaders do not pay enough attention to it. They treat garbage disposal as a temporary job, do not work hard at ordinary times, and suddenly catch it during inspections and assessments.

Second, the level of cleaning needs to be improved. Some villages have not yet achieved full coverage of garbage disposal, and the cleaning work in the central villages is relatively normal. However, a few natural villages, especially those with small populations and scattered residents, are not included in the cleaning scope, and the phenomenon of messiness still exists. In some places, cleaning staff have a heavy workload, but their wages and benefits are low, and corresponding safeguards have not been kept up. The motivation of cleaning staff is not high and they are not stable enough. Some cleaning staff are older and there are certain risks involved in cleaning work. Due to the insufficient strength of the cleaning staff, or the low quality of the cleaning staff, their low sense of responsibility, and low work standards, township and village supervision and management are not in place, and the cleaning level of a few villages is not high.

Third, funding security needs to be strengthened. Funding guarantees for a few towns and villages have not been truly implemented. In some towns, garbage disposal funds have not been included in the fiscal budget. Cleaning funds cannot be allocated to villages in full and on time. Garbage treatment facilities and equipment have not been updated and maintained in a timely manner, which has affected the normal operation of garbage treatment work.

Fourth, the operating mechanism needs to be innovated.

The implementation of classification and reduction work is not enough. Many villagers put straw, sand and other garbage that can be disposed of on-site into garbage bins, which increases the workload of cleaning and removal personnel and the cost of transportation and processing. A simple and practical classification operation guide is needed. , to further strengthen publicity and guidance to villagers. The rural waste treatment methods in some places are not flexible and effective enough, fail to adapt to local conditions and reduce costs, and the operating costs are high. Many places do not adopt effective treatment methods for construction waste, and random dumping occurs from time to time, which has become a major problem in rural waste disposal. There are still some difficulties in promoting the marketization process. Some towns and townships have large areas, but have limited funds for garbage disposal. The profits of companies and individuals contracting garbage disposal are relatively small, so it is difficult to promote marketization on a township-by-town basis.

Fifth, the main body of farmers needs to be strengthened. The main role of farmers has not been fully played. A few villagers are not interested in or involved in garbage disposal work, and are unwilling to bear the cleaning fee of 12 yuan per person per year; a few villagers have not developed good hygiene habits and have low hygiene awareness; some farmers are in public * **Places are piled up in disorder, and there are many sanitary blind spots in front of and behind the houses, which affects the overall environment of the village.

Sixth, the management system needs to be improved. A few towns and villages have not designated specialized agencies and personnel to be responsible for rural garbage disposal, and they still regard it as an surprise task. Rural cadres generally report that rural garbage disposal involves more energy and higher management costs.

3. Countermeasures and Suggestions

At present, the waste treatment work of our city’s rural cleaning projects is in a good development trend, and has achieved obvious results and won the support of the masses. Therefore, It has a solid working foundation and the conditions for steady development. On the basis of achieving full coverage, we should improve the long-term mechanism, focus on consolidation and improvement, further improve the rural sanitation situation, improve farmers' production and living environment, and promote the rural cleaning project waste treatment work in an in-depth and lasting manner.

First, strengthen publicity and guidance and give full play to the main role of farmers. Extensive participation of farmers is the basis for implementing rural cleaning projects. It is necessary to further increase publicity efforts, use a variety of publicity media, adopt a variety of publicity methods, do a good job in publicity and mobilization, improve people's ideological understanding, increase people's awareness, create a good atmosphere, set off a work boom, guide the people to give full play to their main role, and actively Participate in rural cleaning project waste disposal work. Rural cadres must go deep into village groups, communicate face-to-face with the masses through meetings and other forms, give full play to the role of rural "five elders" and other personnel, and carry out in-depth and extensive publicity. Summarize and promote the evaluation methods of "hygienic and civilized households" and "clean households" adopted in some places, carry out health evaluation activities, educate and guide farmers to implement the household "three guarantees" responsibility system, and publish the evaluation results in a timely manner on the bulletin board in the village so that people can During the "competition", the masses enhanced their awareness of cleanliness and consciously improved the hygiene in front of and behind their houses. Through the village council, farmers are charged an average garbage disposal fee of 12 yuan per capita, which encourages farmers to gradually develop good hygiene habits and enhance their awareness of participation in and supervision of sanitation and cleaning work. Efforts will be made to accelerate the transformation of farmers from "I want to be clean" to "I want to be clean" through nationwide mobilization and participation.

The second is to improve methods and methods to increase the efficiency of rural waste disposal. According to estimates, the average rural population produces about 0.8 kilograms of garbage per day, and the city's 2.2 million rural population can produce 1,760 tons of garbage every day. If all were handled centrally, it would be unimaginably overwhelming. In the process of garbage disposal, various places have explored many good methods for classifying and reducing waste. They should be carefully summarized and tried to promote those that have been proven effective in practice and are consistent with local realities. It is necessary to summarize and promote the pilot work of classification and reduction, formulate concise and easy-to-understand garbage classification operation procedures, strengthen publicity and guidance, and gradually realize garbage classification and reduction processing from easy to difficult. It is necessary to select a reasonable garbage disposal model based on rural location conditions and population status, and adopt a combination of centralized processing and decentralized processing to basically realize the harmless treatment of rural garbage. In view of the actual production and life in rural areas, we vigorously promote waste disposal methods such as dumping and small incinerators. For some places with relatively remote locations and high waste transportation costs, small waste incinerators are set up in natural villages to incinerate nearby and break them into parts. , making rural waste treatment easier to operate, lower costs, and more efficient. It is necessary to promote "self-produced and self-sold" garbage, "daily production and daily sales", and "not leaving the village, group or household" as the future direction of garbage disposal, adapting measures to local conditions, boldly practicing, and seeking a more scientific and effective way to reduce the amount of garbage. .

In this regard, all localities are encouraged to combine their actual conditions and follow the direction of "reduction, resource utilization, and ecology" to innovate methods and methods to maximize the treatment and utilization of rural waste.

The third is to improve the long-term mechanism and promote the normal operation of garbage disposal. Establish a full-time and effective cleaning team. On a village-by-village basis, the cleaning staff will be selected according to reasonable standards and the areas of responsibility and work requirements of each cleaning staff will be clarified. Encourage cleaning staff to serve as hygiene promoters and supervisors while doing cleaning work. They can guide farmers to effectively classify and reduce waste, and persuade farmers to develop good hygiene habits. It is necessary to establish and improve the remuneration guarantee mechanism for cleaning staff to ensure their reasonable wages and other reasonable treatment. Formulate a cleaning system and assessment rewards and punishments to enhance the cleaning staff's sense of responsibility and mobilize their enthusiasm for work. Encourage all localities to adopt a market-oriented operation method and outsource cleaning and cleaning work to companies or individuals. Village committees or village councils are responsible for supervision and management, reducing management costs and improving work efficiency. In line with the principle of "government-led, diversified investment", we will actively expand financing channels and implement waste treatment funds for clean projects. County, city, and township finances must include garbage disposal funds in their fiscal budgets, and are not allowed to include the purchase costs of sanitation facilities, equipment, and cleaning vehicles into cleaning funds for expenditures. In accordance with the principle of "whoever invests, who benefits", we will formulate preferential policies to attract various social funds to participate in rural cleaning projects. Without increasing the burden on farmers, and in strict accordance with the "one case, one discussion" policy, farmers are mobilized to raise funds and invest in rural cleaning projects and comprehensive environmental improvement, closely integrating government support, social participation and farmers' independent investment.

The fourth is to strengthen grassroots responsibilities and ensure that goals and tasks are implemented in place. To further strengthen the responsibilities of counties, townships and villages in waste disposal work, the main leaders of the county and township party and government must take command from the front, deploy in person, strengthen supervision and inspection, and always maintain a high-level promotion trend. It is necessary to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of village cadres and give full play to their leading role. Strengthen the patrol inspection of garbage disposal work in various places, and go to villages and groups to ensure full coverage of inspection work. Give full play to the role of the news media in supervising public opinion, and publicly expose areas where work is lagging behind, so as to create pressure and inspire motivation in places where measures are not practical, work is ineffective, and results are not effective, and further promote work. Establish and improve a scientific and reasonable evaluation mechanism, incorporate rural cleaning project work into the city and county target management performance evaluation system, scientifically formulate evaluation indicators, supervise, report and evaluate the implementation of rural cleaning projects, and include the evaluation scores in the construction of a beautiful countryside Total assessment score. Rewards and subsidies will be given to localities and units that have achieved outstanding results in rural cleaning projects, and those with poor performance will be notified and criticized and rectified within a time limit.