What are the three revolutionary movements in the history of China?

The three revolutionary movements in China's history were the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the land reform and the suppression of counter-revolution.

1. The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, also known as the Movement to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea or the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, was part of the Korean War that broke out in the early 1950s. It only refers to the stage of Chinese people's Volunteer Army's participation in the war, and also includes the mass movement of the Korean people to support the Korean people in their fight against American aggression. ?

1950, 10 In July, the "Korean People's Movement Committee to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea in Taiwan Province Province and North China" was established, and the movement to resist US aggression and aid Korea began.

On June+10, 5438, Chinese people's Volunteer Army went to the DPRK to fight and started the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. In the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the volunteers received the full support of the China People's Liberation Army and the cooperation of the Eastern Group headed by the Soviet Union.

1In July 1953, the two sides signed the Korean Armistice Agreement, ending the victory of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. 1958, all volunteers withdrew to China. 65438+1October 25th is the anniversary of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.

2. Land reform is a profound social revolution that the Communist Party of China (CPC) led the people of China to completely eliminate the feudal exploitation system, and it is a basic task of the democratic revolution in China.

During the democratic revolution, the Communist Party of China put forward a thorough program of agrarian revolution and led the land reform in the liberated areas. Before the founding of New China, the old liberated areas such as Northeast China and North China, which accounted for about one third of the country's area, had basically completed the land reform and eliminated the feudal exploitation system.

In the early days of the People's Republic of China, in order to completely accomplish the task of the new-democratic revolution and create conditions for socialist revolution and construction, the newly liberated areas in East China, South China, Southwest China and Northwest China continued to carry out the land reform movement.

1946 On May 4th, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Instructions on Clearing up Rent Reduction and Land Issues", referred to as the "Instructions on Land Issues" (also known as the May 4th Instruction), which changed the policy of rent reduction and interest reduction in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's period into the policy of eliminating feudalism and implementing the policy of "land to the tiller", thus gaining the support of the broad masses of farmers, who actively joined the army to participate in the war and support the front line.

3. Suppressing counter-revolutionary movement, referred to as suppressing counter-revolutionary movement for short, is a political movement of 195 1, 10 to check and suppress counter-revolutionaries nationwide from February to June, and it is one of the three major movements to resist US aggression and aid Korea and land reform in the early days of the founding of New China.

The suppression of counter-revolutionary movements, which lasted for more than a year, spread almost all over the country, basically eliminating the remnants of the Kuomintang counter-revolution and a number of imperialist spies.

Bandits that were once rampant were basically put out, which brought unprecedented stability to China's social order and strongly supported and cooperated with the land reform movement and the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.

Extended data:

Influence of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea:

Domestic economy:

Before the Korean War, China planned to resume production in three to five years. The military expenditure was reduced from 43% of the budget expenditure in 1950 to 30% in 195 1 year, and 70% of the total budget was invested in economic construction, culture, education, health and improving people's lives.

After the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea began, the China Finance Committee held the second national finance conference in Beijing on June 5438+0950+065438+ 10/5. With the consent of the Central Committee, the wartime financial and economic policies were determined as national defense first, market stability second and other third.

After the Korean armistice negotiations began, the preparations for domestic economic construction were further highlighted and strengthened. 1952 defines the policy of "resistance, stability and border construction".

1950, the proportion of national defense expenditure reached 4 1. 1%, and it increased to 43.0% in the following year, the highest since the founding of the People's Republic of China.

It was not until 1952 that the expenditure on economic construction slightly exceeded the expenditure on national defense. By 1952, the total industrial and agricultural output value reached 82.72 billion yuan, an increase of 77.5% over 1949. Steel output1350,000 tons, ranking 18 in the world, and grain output of 308.8 billion Jin, ranking first in the world.

The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea directly guaranteed the recovery of China's national economy and the development of various construction undertakings. It has won an environment for China's long-term peaceful construction.

The influence of suppressing counter-revolution:

The victory of the counter-revolutionary movement basically wiped out the remaining Kuomintang counter-revolutionary forces on the mainland, shattered the sabotage activities and counter-revolutionary restoration plots of domestic and foreign enemies, stabilized social order and people's lives, consolidated the people's democratic dictatorship and the newly-born people's political power, and supported the smooth progress of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the land reform movement and the national economic recovery.

Impact of land reform:

The land reform movement greatly inspired the enthusiasm of hundreds of millions of peasants to join the army and participate in the war. At the same time of carrying out the land reform movement, the production party organizations at all levels in China carried out effective war mobilization, organically combining defending the victory of land reform with overthrowing Chiang Kai-shek, thus making joining the army and supporting the front line become the conscious actions of farmers in the liberated areas.

In August, September and October of 1946 alone, 300,000 peasants in Jiefangquan District joined the People's Liberation Army.

In order to support the front line, the peasants who turned over enthusiastically paid public grain, participated in the war and devoted themselves to the people's liberation war in various ways. They use very primitive means of transportation-ox carts, donkeys, shoulder poles and back frames, and even their hands and shoulders to ensure a huge supply of war.

Only in the first eight months of the war, migrant workers10.2 million were sent from the liberated areas in Hebei, Shandong and Henan, and 33.208 million workers were used to support the front. During the whole war of liberation, Shandong liberated areas mobilized 580,000 people to join the army.

During the Huaihai Campaign, more than 5 million migrant workers were mobilized around the liberated areas. The reason why farmers in the liberated areas can actively join the army and support the front line is precisely because they got the land through the land reform movement and realized the wish of "land to the tiller" that farmers in China have been looking forward to for thousands of years. They realized that the outcome of this war is closely related to whether they can keep the land in their hands.

American scholar Yi wrote in the book Seeds of Destruction: Kuomintang China in War and Revolution: "The failure of the Kuomintang in rural areas is due to the failure of the authorities to guarantee farmers' land, security and food, which greatly weakened farmers' respect for the government.

This means that the government is losing its legitimacy. Heavy and frequent exorbitant taxes, corruption, and most officials' partiality to the landlord class and discrimination against tenant farmers have weakened the authority of the government and the social value of its legitimate actions.

As a result, farmers either criticize or evade tax collectors and recruiters. ""In contrast, in the * * * production party areas, most farmers may still be completely indifferent to politics, but they tend to cooperate with this regime.

Some people, especially young people, actively support producers. "This only illustrates the significance of the land reform movement from one side.

The land reform movement completely destroyed the landlord class on the economic basis and weakened the rich peasant class at the same time. All the confiscated or expropriated land and property were distributed to poor farm labourers and some lower-middle peasants, so that the land obtained by farmers accounted for 95% of the total area, which basically met the farmers' requirements for land.

Through the review movement in the later stage of land reform, the bias of over-caring for middle peasants and some landlords was corrected, thus establishing policy boundaries, greatly isolating the landlord class and winning over and uniting the middle peasants.

The land reform has truly achieved the goal of farmers getting land in China for thousands of years, and enabled farmers to truly turn over and become masters of their own economies, thus mobilizing the enthusiasm of farmers for revolution and construction in the deepest and most extensive way, and greatly liberating agricultural productivity.

The land reform has also established the dominant position of poor peasants in rural areas, consolidated the alliance of workers and peasants, and created conditions for guiding hundreds of millions of peasants onto the road of collectivization.

Extended data source:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Suppressing Counter-revolutionary Movement

Baidu Encyclopedia-Resisting US Aggression and Aid Korea

Baidu Encyclopedia-Land Reform Movement