Cause analysis and treatment measures of dangerous reservoirs?

It is very important to analyze the causes of dangerous reservoirs and take control measures. It is very important to know the influence of possible hazards and formulate reasonable control measures. Zhong Da Consulting will explain the cause analysis and treatment measures of dangerous reservoirs for you.

Reservoirs in mountainous areas are in disrepair for a long time and need to be treated urgently. It is suggested that the state finance should open up special fund support channels in time, and put reservoir disease control and overhaul and reinforcement into the normal construction track to ensure the safety of reservoirs and people's lives, and fundamentally eliminate and alleviate the threat of mountain torrents.

1 genetic analysis of dangerous reservoirs

The main reasons for these dangers in reservoir operation are:

1. 1 Reservoir construction is a "trilateral" project of mass movement. Insufficient investment in infrastructure, frequent shutdown and delay in construction, resulting in low anti-seepage performance of fill, poor construction quality and unknown dam foundation quality.

1.2 The reservoir has been in operation for many years, and the dam body and dam foundation have been unevenly settled, resulting in serious natural aging.

1.3 The reservoir management is unbalanced, the system is not smooth, and the mechanism is not active; The positioning of the unit nature of water pipes is unclear; The financial allocation is small, the water price is not in place, and the water management unit has financial difficulties; Water management units are overstaffed, the total number of personnel is surplus, and professionals are lacking; Management technology is backward, laws and regulations are imperfect, and management level is low.

2 Control measures for dangerous reservoirs

2. 1 Strive for project construction funds through multiple channels

In accordance with the principle of "graded management and graded responsibility", governments at all levels should establish corresponding special funds for governance. To speed up the management of dangerous reservoirs, we must establish and improve a diversified, multi-level and multi-channel investment system while relying on government investment. Therefore, it is suggested to adopt different financing policies according to the present situation and actual situation of dangerous reservoirs:

2. 1. 1 reinforcement of small and medium-sized dangerous reservoirs will be listed as infrastructure projects. With the help of the central government's policy of "completing the reinforcement of large and medium-sized and key small dangerous reservoirs in China within three years", we actively apply for inclusion in the central special plan and strive for financial support from the central government.

2. 1.2 small reservoirs are reinforced, and the investment is mainly made by autonomous regions, prefectures and cities, and county-level matching funds are implemented as much as possible.

2. 1.3 actively and steadily reform the property right system of small reservoirs in combination with the management of dangerous reservoirs.

2.2 Strengthen project implementation process management

2.2. 1 Strengthen the construction management, ensure the progress and quality of the project, and strictly implement the project legal person responsibility system, bidding mechanism, construction supervision system and contract management system in the project construction management. In project management, a new construction management mode has been formed, in which the project legal person is the main body, the project legal person is responsible to the state and investors, and the consulting, design, supervision, construction and other units provide construction services for the project legal person through bidding and economic contracts. The project legal person is responsible for the whole process management of project construction according to the construction scale, total investment and construction period of the project. The unit in charge of the project should strengthen the supervision of the establishment of the project legal person, project construction, bidding, quality supervision, main project construction and project acceptance, and strictly implement the basic construction procedures. In the past, the phenomenon of ignoring the examination and approval system for construction applications should be corrected in time. Through the construction of application system, we can effectively avoid the phenomena of blind start-up, delay in construction period and waste of funds, and ensure the smooth progress of project construction.

2.2.2 The bidding system shall be implemented. In the process of reinforcement and construction of dangerous reservoirs, the choice of supervision units-in general, the legal person of construction projects should bid according to law and choose the best. In bidding activities, we should give full play to the role of expert database in bid evaluation, resolutely break down the barriers of local protection and departmental protection, put an end to administrative intervention and severely punish corruption. No water conservancy qualification and low qualification units are prohibited from undertaking projects that are inconsistent with their qualifications. Grasp the implementation of the bidding law, strengthen the management of all aspects of bidding, and establish an open, fair and just market order.

2.2.3 Implement the construction supervision system. After the project legal person determines the supervision unit, the supervision unit can manage the project site according to the contract, engage in progress, quality, investment control, contract management and information management, and coordinate the relationship between the parties. At present, it is necessary to put an end to the phenomenon that supervision units undertake supervision business beyond the qualification level and supervise construction on their own.

3 engineering measures

3. 1 Dam leakage treatment measures are mainly grouting and cushion. -Curtain grouting, grouting the foundation and dam with cement to prevent leakage; The second is split grouting of dam body, which splits the leaking earth dam into cracks with pressure and injects appropriate clay slurry. When the pressure is released, the soil bounces and squeezes to form an anti-seepage curtain, blocking the seepage zone of the dam body; The third is high-pressure jet grouting, which uses jet action to cut the mixed stratum, change the structure and composition of the in-situ stratum and inject cement slurry or composite slurry to form a solidified body to achieve the purpose of seepage prevention; Fourthly, punching and grabbing the casing for backfilling, namely, taking out the soil material of the seepage layer of the dam body by punching and grabbing machinery, so that the casing is backfilled with new impervious soil material to form a new continuous impervious wall; Fifthly, blanket, that is, covering and plugging the leakage section with clay, cement mortar, masonry, concrete and geomembrane.

3.2 Culvert transverse pipe treatment measures: First, comprehensively overhaul the leaking culvert transverse pipe; Secondly, grouting the culvert, and pressing it into the culvert leakage channel through pressure; Thirdly, new chemical materials are used to smear the cracks on the concrete surface and masonry, and architectural coatings are used to stop the leakage; The fourth is to block culvert pipes that are seriously leaking and difficult to repair, and choose another site for excavation.

3.3 Spillway reconstruction measures: First, the spillway with aging and serious water damage is lined and laid; The second is to lengthen, widen and reinforce the unsuitable and imperfect spillway; The third is to build new flood diversion channels for severely damaged flood diversion channels and flood diversion channels without flood diversion channels due to insufficient flood control capacity.

3.4 Treatment measures for drainage prism:-Make holes for drainage prism silted due to too high downstream water level, and at the same time, transform the downstream river channel to lower the water level; The second is to build a new filter element for the prism with poor drainage caused by poor filter element quality; The third is to rebuild the prism that is invalid or has insufficient design height due to complete siltation.

3.5 Termite treatment measures: firstly, excavate the main nest of termites, catch the queen, clean the nest cavity residue, spray a proper amount of pesticides, and then backfill and tamp; Secondly, grouting with medicine yellow mud in termite activity area; The third is to trap and kill with mirex bait.

4 Other reinforcement measures

4. 1 For reservoirs whose flood control is not up to standard, according to the results of flood review, widen spillway or add drainage facilities according to local conditions to increase flood detention capacity.

4.2 For reservoirs with poor engineering quality, the management of engineering quality should be strengthened, and unqualified materials are not allowed to enter the site, and unqualified processes are not accepted.

4.3 For reservoirs that are not matched with the project and lack or have no necessary observation facilities, safety monitoring, hydrological forecasting and communication systems are mainly adopted, and necessary flood control vehicles are purchased.

4.4 For reservoirs that can't give full play to the engineering benefits, due to the serious siltation in the reservoir area, it is mainly to increase the dam, increase the flood detention capacity, or reinforce or add flood storage and drainage facilities.

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