How to protect school green space

If it is linked to the economy, it will be allowed, and whoever destroys it will be fined.

1. Need humanistic care and establish social morality.

2. Publicize and care for green space and do more public service advertisements.

Set up a "wooden sign" to remind you to protect the grassland (common in universities and high schools)

4. Establish a punishment system, with a special person responsible for protection.

5. School is compulsory.

In fact, most people still love this piece of green land, and only a few personal behaviors are destroyed, but it is these few personal behaviors that destroy the green land and need to be solved. Therefore, the effective way is to catch a person who destroys the green space, let him be responsible for the environment of this green space for a period of time, and then let him catch a person who destroys the green space after the deadline, which not only saves manpower, but also allows students to manage their own environment.

A paper for your reference.

Analysis of Soil Status and Fertilization Management in Shenzhen Green Space

Lawn green space plays an important role in urban landscaping and urban ecosystem, and the management of lawn green space is an important symbol of urban management level. How to improve lawn quality and protect urban green space ecosystem is an important task of urban landscaping management department. However, at present, there are many problems in urban lawn soil management in most cities in China, the most prominent of which is unreasonable fertilization measures. Excessive application of chemical fertilizer has caused a series of environmental problems. Through the preliminary investigation of parks, streets and other green spaces in Shenzhen, we think that compared with other cities in China, the green spaces in Shenzhen are in good condition and the overall level of fertilization management is high, but the problems such as soil acidification, hardening and yellowing of lawns in winter are more prominent. In addition, there are still many places to be improved in soil fertilization. Therefore, this paper makes a preliminary analysis of the present situation of green soil in Shenzhen, and puts forward some suggestions on fertilization management of green soil for reference by relevant landscaping departments.

1 Basic soil conditions of urban green space in Shenzhen

Formation and characteristics of natural soil in Shenzhen.

Shenzhen is located in the north latitude113046/-114037//and 22027/-22052//. It belongs to subtropical maritime climate. Its climate is characterized by hot, humid and distinct wet and dry seasons. The main feature of soil occurrence is that under the hot and humid climate conditions, aluminization and biological cycle are strong, which constantly promote the weathering and leaching of various salt bases, and make iron and aluminum accumulate relatively to form red soil. Most soils are weathered from granite. Under the action of aluminum enrichment and biological cycle, the weathering and leaching of various salt bases are continuously promoted, and iron and aluminum are relatively accumulated to form red soil. This kind of soil is generally sticky, poor in moisture permeability, easy to harden and acidic, and its pH value is generally between 4.5 and 5.5. Low organic matter content, low phosphorus content, easy to lack phosphorus, and sometimes potassium. Trace elements such as boron (b) and zinc (Zn) are deficient.

1.2 Soil characteristics of green space in Shenzhen

Since the establishment of special economic zones, Shenzhen has not only made remarkable achievements in economy, but also made great achievements in landscaping. According to the statistics of 200 1, the area of garden green space in Shenzhen Special Zone is 18789 hectares, and the area of public green space is 3258.7 hectares. Physiologically, the withering of lawn in winter is a self-protection and regulation measure for grass species to survive in unfavorable growth environment. The most important reason for this phenomenon is not only related to the stress resistance of grass seeds themselves, but also closely related to the harsh external growth environment.

The soil moisture is insufficient. Lawn green space has been experiencing a lot of water evaporation. The decrease of rainfall and air humidity in autumn and winter reduces the water supply of lawn, while the evaporation loss increases. Insufficient soil moisture leads to insufficient water absorption of grass seeds, and the aboveground parts turn yellow or even die.

The absorption capacity of plant roots is weakened. Under the condition of low temperature in winter, the growth and metabolism of plants slow down, and the ability of plants to absorb nutrients from soil weakens.

Soil fertility is weakened. On the one hand, the nutrients in the soil can only be absorbed in the dissolved solution. Insufficient soil moisture will lead to insufficient absorption of nutrients by plants. On the other hand, under the condition of low temperature and water shortage in winter, the availability of mineral nutrients decreases; At the same time, soil microbial activity slowed down and the mineralization rate of organic fertilizer decreased. Resulting in the decrease of available nutrients available for plants to absorb in the soil. This is not good for plant growth.

Effects of soil hardening. Lawns with hard soil turn yellow more easily in winter. After soil hardening, the water permeability is weakened, which enhances soil evaporation and reduces the ability of water storage and moisture conservation. At the same time, aerobic microbial activities in hardened soil are inhibited, which affects the decomposition of organic matter and the supply of available nitrogen. At the same time, the root system of plants in hardened soil is poorly developed, which makes the resistance of plants to adverse external environmental conditions weakened in winter.

2.5 the role of organic lawn fertilizer in fertilization management

Organic lawn fertilizer integrates the functions of soil improvement and fertilizer supply, which can provide a lot of organic substances for soil structure improvement, and can also be used as a source of slow-release nutrients, providing a good supplement for the shortcomings of fertilizer nutrient supply, such as too fast, too fast and short-term. Organic fertilizers with different functions and qualities can be seen everywhere. At present, there are many domestic manufacturers of organic fertilizer, and the product quality is uneven. The existing organic fertilizers mainly include bulk organic compost, organic granular fertilizer and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer. According to the actual market application in Shenzhen, the following focuses on the introduction and evaluation of compost organic fertilizer.

Composting of municipal solid waste This fertilizer is made by adding other substances into municipal solid waste and composting it through a certain process. It contains high organic matter and is one of the ideal methods for garbage disposal. The qualified waste fertilizer should classify the waste and use perishable organic waste materials for harmless treatment through a completely decomposed composting process. However, a considerable number of waste fertilizer products on the market can meet this requirement. Unqualified sanitary standards for garbage compost are difficult to meet the requirements, and harmful pathogenic insects and bacteria such as ascaris lumbricoides and Escherichia coli are beyond the standard; At the same time, it is easy to cause flies to breed. The application of incompletely decomposed garbage manure will also cause nitrogen deficiency in the soil. In addition, the contents of zinc, copper, mercury, lead and other metals in municipal solid waste compost are high, which is not suitable for continuous application.

Sludge composting Sludge composting is to concentrate and dehydrate sludge, mix it with other materials, and then compost it. Sludge is generally dominated by organic matter, with high contents of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Qualified sludge products are good organic fertilizers. The disadvantage is that sludge generally contains a lot of toxic substances such as heavy metals. Long-term application may cause heavy metal pollution in soil, and it is difficult to recover. At the same time, incomplete sludge compost contains a certain number of bacteria and parasite eggs, which is easy to spread pests and diseases.

Composting of livestock manure is usually carried out by mixing pig manure and chicken manure with other materials. Livestock manure is rich in nutrients such as organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. It has good fertilizer efficiency in soil application. However, pig manure and chicken manure compost have higher requirements for deodorization and sterilization. Its products are tasteless, sterile, insect-free and thoroughly decomposed. The unqualified soil for composting livestock manure not only emits stench, which causes strong resentment among residents, but also contains pathogenic insects and bacteria that pose a serious potential threat to citizens because of incomplete composting, which is easy to cause parasitic reproduction of flies and insects and seriously affects urban sanitation. Inferior livestock manure compost contains a lot of pests and diseases, which harms plants and poses a threat to lawn growth.

Composite compost of peat and sawdust. This fertilizer is made of organic materials such as sawdust and mushroom residue, various beneficial microorganisms, natural cultivation substrates such as peat, vermiculite and perlite, and other organic and inorganic fertilizers. Therefore, the product has many functions, such as soil improver, cultivation substrate, fertilizer and so on. The production and application of this fertilizer has no health hazard to the environment and meets the requirements of environmental protection. At the same time, it has a good and lasting improvement effect on soil physical and chemical properties. In addition, this kind of product is light in weight and has a good application prospect in flower cultivation and roof greening.

In addition, sand is also a common material for controlling soil hardening and keeping lawns green in Shenzhen parks and street greenbelts in winter. Sand is often used to improve the texture of cohesive soil, which can improve the viscosity and hardening texture of soil and increase the water vapor permeability of soil. However, long-term continuous application is easy to reduce the water and fertilizer retention of soil.

3 Discussion and prospect

It should be pointed out that the core of soil management in urban green space is water and fertilizer management, and the emphasis of management work should be different in different regions according to their actual conditions. As far as Shenzhen is concerned, due to its superior geographical conditions and abundant natural precipitation, how to save water should be emphasized in the auxiliary irrigation of lawn soil. In fertilization management, attention should be paid to the coordinated application of inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer. Although organic fertilizer is essential in lawn soil management, it cannot be considered as a substitute for inorganic fertilizer. This is because organic fertilizer contains a lot of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and its nutrient release is sustained and slow. Applying organic fertilizer alone is far from meeting the demand of plants for nutrients. Therefore, the application of organic fertilizer should cooperate with the application of inorganic fertilizer. At the same time, the choice of fertilizer should also be based on the local actual situation. For example, in the United States, lawn fertilizers are mainly liquid fertilizers and slow-release fertilizers [6]. This fertilization method is based on good soil texture conditions and may not be applicable in China. In fact, the lawn in Shenzhen should be scientifically matched with inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer.

At present, great progress has been made in the research and development of lawn fertilizer at home and abroad, and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer has come out. Shenzhen Institute of Landscape Science has successfully developed a new type of organic-inorganic composite nutrient matrix. The matrix is made of a variety of organic and inorganic raw materials through scientific proportioning and advanced processing technology. Peat and decomposed organic matter contained in the substrate can play a good role in keeping green and improving soil, and inorganic effective mineral nutrients contained in the substrate can quickly and timely supplement the needs of lawn growth. The successful development of this culture medium has greatly promoted the development of lawn industry in Shenzhen.