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As we all know, in 1955, our army awarded titles to all military cadres for the first time, which is the famous "five-five conferring titles" in history. Among them, more than 600,000 cadres in the whole army have obtained the rank of warrant officer or above. In which: 10 marshal; General10; 57 generals (including 1956 and 1958 supplementary grants); Lieutenant General 177 (including 1956 and 1958 supplementary grants); 806 Major General (including 1956 and 1958 supplementary grants).

Among them, generals from the Red Army account for the majority. For example, before the Long March, the Red Army had three divisions, and the division commander and political commissar had six chief officers. Except for Chen Guang, they were all awarded the rank of general.

Comparatively speaking, the rank of generals from the Red Fourth Army is generally not particularly high. Of the 57 generals, only 8 were from the former Red Fourth Army (excluding the Red 25th Army).

So, which generals from the Red Fourth Army have low ranks?

First of all, let me talk about Cheng, the former commander of the 30 th Red Army and the first deputy commander of the public security bureau.

Cheng is from Dawu County, Hubei Province. He joined the Red Army at the age of 18. Two years later, he became the political commissar of the 33rd Regiment of the 11th Division of Gongsi Army because of his bravery. After the Red Fourth Army entered Sichuan, the northern Sichuan warlord Tian sent an army to surround the Red Army. Cheng led the Red 33 Regiment to open a forest passage, and fell from the sky in the early morning, killing three regiments of the Sichuan Army in one fell swoop, making the Red 33 Regiment win the honorary banner of "Fighting Tiger Regiment". During the Long March, he was appointed as the acting commander of the Red 30 Army.

At the end of 65438, the Red 5, Red 9 and Red 30 armies of the Yellow River in Xi Du were ordered to be reorganized into the marked army. Due to various reasons, the marked army suffered great losses. Cheng led the left detachment to Qilian Mountain for 43 days and arrived at the gorge smoothly.

1938 In May, Cheng was appointed as the chief of staff of Jire Chayuan. During Xiao Ke's absence, he presided over military affairs and smashed the large-scale sweeping of Japanese base areas by 1 10,000 Japanese troops. Later, he personally led the backbone of the old Red Army to sneak into Zhangjiakou and established Pingbei base area, which became an important force in the war of resistance inside and outside the Great Wall. After the withdrawal, he was transferred to the military minister of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region. During the war of liberation, after being transferred to the northeast and Siping fell, Cheng firmly supported the correct proposition of political commissar Chen at the meeting to discuss whether to adhere to Nan Man, and immediately commanded the Baojiang battle. Later, he served as commander of Anton Military Region and commander of Liaoxi Military Region.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Cheng served as the first deputy commander of public security, presided over the actual work of public security, and was designated as the deputy corps level in 1952. During the War of Liberation, Cheng served as the commander of the local military region for a long time, with great achievements. Therefore, although his qualifications and historical qualifications meet the requirements of the general, he was still awarded the rank of lieutenant general.

Let's talk about the former Red Fourth Army Chief of Staff Ni Zhiliang.

Ni Zhiliang, who graduated from Huangpu Phase IV, is the only Beijinger among the founding generals. Participated in the Guangzhou Uprising. Later, I went to work in the base area in northeastern Hubei. He has served as guerrilla captain, head of the third regiment of the first division of the Red Army Corps, commander of the eleventh division of the Red Fourth Army, and commander of the Red Fourth Army. After the Red Fourth Army arrived in Sichuan and Shaanxi, he became the chief of staff of the army and became one of the leaders of the Red Fourth Army. During the Anti-Japanese War, he served as Chief of Staff of the Eighth Route Army 129 Division, Commander of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region, Commander of the Guerrilla Column in the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Border Region, and Deputy Director of the Fourth Military Commission. During the war of liberation, he was transferred to the northeast, and served as commander of Liaobei Military Region, Nenjiang Military Region, Nennan Military Region and deputy commander of Ximan Military Region. He left the local military region on the eve of the Liaoshen campaign and was ordered to establish the Northeast Military and Political University, where he served as the executive vice president in charge of daily work.

After the entry of the Four Fields, Ni Zhiliang went south with the troops, and served as vice president of Central South Military and Political University and deputy commander of Wuhan police. It didn't take long for the superiors to select ambassadors from the corps-level cadres. Ni Zhiliang was the only military cadre in the first batch of general ambassadors, and was sent to war-torn North Korea as the ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary.

During this period, Ni Zhiliang was most famous for predicting that the US military would land in Incheon when reporting the progress of the war to his superiors, which was almost two months before the Incheon landing.

After the volunteers entered the DPRK, Ni Zhiliang undertook the military liaison work and was awarded the first-class national flag medal. In February, 1952, he was transferred back to China and appointed as the Deputy Director of Education of Logistics College. 1955 was awarded the rank of lieutenant general.

Although Ni Zhiliang held a high position in the Red Fourth Front Army, he rarely directly commanded operations after the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. He was transferred from the front line of the Anti-Japanese War to Yan 'an in 1940, and was in charge of the Military Commission and military education. During the War of Liberation, he also served as commander of local military region and vice president of Northeast Military and Political University. The main reason is that Ni Zhiliang suffers from severe emphysema. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, most troops fought guerrilla warfare in mountainous areas, but Ni Zhiliang was not suitable. After being transferred to the northeast, due to the cold weather, his illness often broke out, making him incompetent for military command. Therefore, the meritorious military service is even worse. 1955 only awarded the rank of lieutenant general.

The third one is about Zhan.

Zhan, a native of Huang 'an, Hubei Province, performed well in the Jute Uprising. The death squads composed of more than 30 people occupied the south gate of Huang An, took the lead in entering the Huang An county government and captured the county magistrate alive. 193 1 year 1 1 month-65438+February, the Red Fourth Front Army launched four campaigns in Huang An, and Zhan led the 30 th regiment of the Red 10 Division to wipe out nearly 2,000 people, which won the victory of the whole army. 1932, Zhan Caifang took on the task of besieging the remnants of the enemy in the battle of Sujiabu, and commanded a regiment to besiege Sujiabu for 43 days, which created conditions for large troops to come to the rescue. After the Red Fourth Front Army arrived in Sichuan and Shaanxi, it expanded on a large scale. Zhan Cai Fangsheng was appointed as the political commissar of the 12 Division of the Red Fourth Army and the political commissar of the Hong Jiu Army. Together with Commander He Wei and Deputy Commander Xu, he participated in the Yinan Campaign, the Campaign and the Xuanda Campaign, killing 20,000 people.

After the Red Fourth Front Army arrived in northern Shaanxi, Jan Cai Fang entered the Red Army University to study. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he went to Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei to set up an anti-sophomore branch. Later, he served as the deputy commander of the third division of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei. 1944 served as deputy commander of the Jire-Liao Military Region. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, almost all the troops in the Jidong Military Region retreated to the northeast, and Zhan stayed in the Jidong base area as the commander of the Jidong Military Region. He actively organized local armed forces, expanded troops, persisted in struggle, and carried out sabotage along Jincheng Railway, effectively delaying the occupation of Northeast China by Kuomintang troops.

In 1947, Zhan Caifang led his troops to Jehol, and his troops were reorganized into nine columns on a winter night. In the autumn offensive, he fought the famous battle of Yangjiazhangzi with Huang, commander of the Eighth Column. Two columns adapted from local armed forces annihilated the 49th Army of the National Army, and the commander fled alone.

During the Liaoshen Campaign, the former headquarters asked Bazong to undertake the task of attacking the airport. As a result, the eighth platoon failed to complete the task within the specified time. Therefore, Dongye asked Jiu Zong, who had just finished the campaigns of Suizhong and Xingcheng, to bear the responsibility. Zhan Caifang commanded the Ninth Battalion to attack decisively when the enemy plane landed, destroying nine reinforcement transport planes and completely destroying Jinxi Airport. Subsequently, Dongye attacked on a large scale, and Nine General Managers took the lead in attacking the Jinzhou headquarters, captured Fan and Lu Junquan, and annihilated more than 20,000 Kuomintang troops. Regardless of fatigue, he marched 1 1 day and arrived in Yingkou before the withdrawal of the 52nd Army, killing and injuring more than 8000 people in the 52nd Army of the Kuomintang.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as deputy commander of the Hunan Military Region and commander of the public security forces of the Central South Military Region. 1952 was designated as a quasi-military rank, and 1955 was awarded the rank of lieutenant general. And his two guards in the period of Red 30 Regiment-Chen Xilian and Wang Jinshan, one is a general and the other is a lieutenant general. Why?

There are two reasons. First, during the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Zhan Caifang spent most of his time as the deputy commander of the Second Anti-Japanese Division and the Military Division, lacking unique experience. Second, despite his outstanding performance during the war of liberation, he was not particularly prominent in the four fields where soldiers were like a forest. He failed to serve as a corps-level cadre for 49 years. If Zhan Caifang can stay in Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei during the War of Liberation, he will probably become the commander or political commissar of the 19 or the 20th Corps where there is a relative shortage of military cadres in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei base area, so he will have the opportunity to obtain the rank of general.