What is there to see in Beijing?

Beijing is very rich in tourism resources, with more than 200 tourist attractions, including the world's largest imperial palace, the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, the Royal Garden Beihai, the Royal Gardens Summer Palace and Old Summer Palace, as well as the Badaling Great Wall, The Mutianyu Great Wall and Prince Gong’s Mansion, the largest courtyard house in the world, are some of the famous places of interest. There are 7,309 cultural relics and historic sites in the city, including six World Heritage sites, two national key scenic spots, 99 national key cultural relics protection units (including the Great Wall and the Beijing section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal), and 326 sites. There are 326 municipal cultural relics protection units.

1. Tiananmen: It was the gate of the imperial city in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was built in the 15th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1417) and completed in 1420. Initially, it was just a three-story, five-bay wooden archway, named "Chengtianmen", which means "carrying destiny from heaven" and "receiving orders from heaven". Tiananmen Square is located on the traditional central axis of Beijing. It consists of a city platform and a city tower. It is majestic and majestic in shape and is the most outstanding representative work of ancient Chinese city gates. The city tower is 37.4 meters high. It is built on a Xumizuo-style city platform made of huge stones. It has red walls, yellow tiles and five arched gates. It is magnificent and magnificent. There are 60 vermilion columns reaching the sky on the tower, and the ground is paved with gold bricks, as flat as a stone; on the tall and richly colored wall platform, there are two-story double-eaves towers with yellow glazed tiles, nine rooms in the east and west, and five in the north and south, symbolizing the imperial power. "The Lord of Ninety-five". There are rhombus lattice doors on the north and south sides, with 36 vermilion rhombus door leaves; traditional golden dragon paintings and auspicious patterns are carved on the ceiling, door arches and beams; the "Double Dragon Seal" brocade and group dragon pattern are gilded. The ceiling caisson makes the entire hall solemn, majestic and resplendent. The hall is composed of a 450kg octagonal palace lantern and 16 hexagonal palace lanterns each weighing 350kg, forming a pattern of stars holding the moon. There are five gates under the city platform. The middle gate is the largest and is located on the central axis of the Imperial City of Beijing. In the past, only the emperor could enter and exit through this gate. Now there is a huge portrait of Mao Zedong hanging above the central doorway. On both sides are large slogans "Long Live the Republic of the People's Republic of China" and "Long Live the Great Unity of the People of the World". The Jinshui River opened in front of the gate is a blue stream, with seven exquisite white marble bridges flying across it, generally called Jinshui Bridge. The bridge deck is slightly arched, and the bridge body is like a rainbow, forming a beautiful curve. During the dynasty and empire era, the most prominent bridge in the middle, with dragon capitals carved on it, was only allowed to pass by the emperor, and was called the "Yulu Bridge"; the two bridges on the left and right, with lotus capitals, were only allowed to pass by princes, and were called "Royal Bridge". The bridge on both sides, where only civil and military ministers of the third rank and above are allowed to pass, is called the "Grade Bridge"; the ordinary relief stone bridge on the far side is only for officials and soldiers of the fourth rank and below, and is called the "Gongsheng Bridge". On the east and west sides of the south of the bridge, there are white marble tables standing on each side, with clouds surrounding the dragon's disk, which is very imposing. On October 1, 1949, the founding ceremony of the Republic of China was held here. It has since become a symbol of modern China and was designed into the national emblem. Tiananmen, with its rich historical connotation of more than 500 years, highly condensed ancient Chinese civilization and modern civilization, and the symbol of New China, is a place longed for by people of all ethnic groups in China. 2. The Forbidden City - The Forbidden City: The Forbidden City, located in the center of Beijing, is the palace of twenty-four emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is also the largest and most complete ancient building complex in the world. The Forbidden City was built in Yongle 4 of the Ming Dynasty. It was basically completed in 1420 (1406). It was started by Emperor Zhu Di of the Ming Dynasty. The construction of the Forbidden City lasted 14 years. It was built on the basis of the Yuan Dynasty Palace during the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty. In the early Ming Dynasty, the designer was Kuai Xiang (1397-1481, courtesy name Tingrui, from Suzhou). After the completion of the Forbidden City, it has experienced more than 500 years of history in the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the approximately 500 years since the Qing emperor abdicated in 1911, there have been 24 emperors in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is synonymous with the supreme ruling core of the Ming and Qing dynasties. 3. Badaling Great Wall: It is the best-preserved section of the Ming Great Wall and the most representative section. It is the essence of the Ming Dynasty Great Wall. The Badaling Great Wall is located at the north entrance of the Guangou Ancient Road in Jundushan, Yanqing County, Beijing, more than 70 meters away from the urban area. kilometer. The Badaling Great Wall is part of the Great Wall, a great defense project in ancient China. It is a pass of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty. The Badaling Great Wall is the earliest section of the Great Wall opened to tourists in the Ming Dynasty. The Badaling Scenic Area is dominated by the Badaling Great Wall, and has built full-featured tourism service facilities such as the Badaling Hotel and the Great Wall of China Museum. Badaling Scenic Area is famous for its magnificent landscape, complete facilities and profound cultural and historical connotations.

4. Beihai Park: Beihai Park is located in the central area of ??Beijing, northwest of the Forbidden City, and together with Zhonghai and Nanhai, it is known as the Three Seas. It belongs to ancient Chinese royal gardens. The whole garden is centered on Beihai. It was originally a palace built in the Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, and was established as an imperial garden in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is one of the oldest, most complete, most comprehensive and representative royal gardens in China. In 1925 Opened as a park. It is an ancient garden with beautiful mountains and clear waters and picturesque scenery. It is known as "the earliest imperial garden in the world" and is one of the oldest and best-preserved royal gardens in my country. 5. Summer Palace (Royal Garden) The Summer Palace is located in Haidian District in the northwest of Beijing, about 15 kilometers away from the city center, covering an area of ??290 hectares. In the late Qing Dynasty, the royal family sat here and listened to government affairs in the summer. It is also known as the "Summer Palace". The most complete and largest royal garden in my country and one of the world's famous tourist attractions, it was originally a palace garden in the Qing Dynasty and its name means "nurturing Taihe". The promenade, stone boat, Buddhist Incense Pavilion, Baoyun Pavilion, Grand Theater, Seventeen-hole Bridge, Yudai Bridge and other buildings in the garden can be regarded as treasures in the world's architectural culture. It has a very high status in the history of Chinese and foreign garden art. The whole park is divided into three parts: Wanshou Front Mountain, Kunming Lake, and Back Mountain and Back Lake. The front mountain, with Foxiang Pavilion as the center, forms a huge main building complex, which is gorgeous, majestic and majestic. The rippling blue waves of Kunming Lake are spread out at the southern foot of Wanshou Mountain, accounting for about 3/4 of the entire park area. There is a Nanhu Island in the lake, which is connected to the shore by a beautiful seventeen-hole bridge. There is a west embankment in the west of the lake, with six beautiful bridges built on it. The clear water of the lake behind the mountain is clear, the ancient pines are towering, and the environment is quiet.

6. Temple of Heaven Park: The Temple of Heaven is the place where emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties worshiped heaven and prayed for grain. It is the largest existing ancient sacrificial building complex in my country. Together with the Forbidden City, it is listed in the "World Heritage List" by UNESCO. Heritage List". Temple of Heaven Park is located on Tiantan Road, Chongwen District, Beijing, outside Zhengyangmen, east of Yongdingmen Road. It is the place where emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties worshiped the Emperor God on the winter solstice and prayed for grain on the first Xin day of the first lunar month. It is the largest and most perfect ancient architectural complex for worshiping heaven in the world. The total area is 2.73 million square meters. It was officially opened to the public as a park in 1918. The Temple of Heaven was built in the shape of Nanjing in the 18th year of the Yongle reign of the Ming Dynasty (1420) to offer sacrifices to the Emperor and Queen. At that time, the ceremony was held in the Great Sacrifice Hall. In the ninth year of Jiajing (1530), Emperor Jiajing heard from his ministers: "In ancient times, the heaven was worshiped on the circular mound, and the earth was worshiped on the square mound. The circular mound is a hill on the ground in the southern suburbs. The mound is round and high, so as to resemble the sky. The square mound is like the sky. , the hills in the middle of the northern suburbs, the hills go down to resemble the earth." So it was decided to worship the heaven and the earth separately, build a circular hill in the south of the main sacrificial hall to worship the sky, and build a Fangze altar outside the Anding Gate in the north city to worship the earth. In the 13th year of Jiajing reign (1534), Circular Qiu was renamed the Temple of Heaven, and Fangze was renamed the Temple of Earth. After the Great Sacrifice Hall was abandoned, it was changed into an altar for praying for grains. In the seventeenth year of Jiajing's reign (1538), the Praying Grain Altar was abandoned. In the nineteenth year, another Daxiang Hall was built on the altar, and it was completed in the twenty-fourth year. In the 16th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1751), it was renamed the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests. Since then, it has been repaired and expanded many times. The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests is a magnificent and unique building with a national style. It has a round pointed roof with three eaves and a gold-plated top. It is covered with blue glazed tiles symbolizing "heaven". Contract upward. The wooden structure under the eaves is painted with Hexi seals and sits on a white marble base. From a distance, the color contrast is strong and harmonious, and the upper and lower shapes are unified and full of changes.

7. Xiangshan Park (Fragrant Mountain Red Leaves) Xiangshan is located at the eastern foot of Xishan Mountain in the northwest suburbs of Beijing. It is a famous large-scale mountain forest park with royal garden characteristics, covering an area of ??about 15 million square meters. Famous scenic spots on the mountain include Zhaomiao Temple, Shuangqing Villa, Guijianchou, Jingcui Lake, Wangfeng Pavilion, Xishan Qingxue, Senyudi, Chaoyang Cave, etc. The terrain of Xiangshan Park is steep, with verdant peaks, springs and lush forests. The main peak, Xianglu Peak (commonly known as Guijianchou), is 557 meters above sea level. There are more than 260,000 trees of various types in the park, including more than 5,800 ancient and famous trees. People and nature live in harmony in the park, with birds chirping, insects chirping, and squirrels playing in the ravines and forests. Here the flowers are blooming in spring, the summer is cool and pleasant, and the winter is covered with silver. In particular, Xiangshan’s red leaves are the most famous. Every frost and autumn, cotinus trees are in full swing all over the mountain. It is so magnificent that it is one of the "New Sixteen Scenic Spots in Beijing".

8. Shidu Scenic Area: Located in the southwest of Beijing, more than 70 kilometers away from the urban area, with an area of ??301 square kilometers. It is the only natural landscape in North China characterized by karst peaks, peak clusters, and river valleys. Scenic area. There are more than 20 major scenic spots in Shidu. The first ferry is in Zhangfang at the east end, where the mountains and rivers are beautiful and the scenery is beautiful.

Going down the river are the second to sixth crossings. The rocks along the coast are like cut, each with its own beauty. The main scenery is Stalagmite Peak, Beacon Mountain, Thousand-foot Window, etc. From Qidu to Shidu, the peaks are like forests, the rivers are like brocade, and the landscape is the most majestic and magnificent. The overall appearance of Shidu is quiet and elegant, with the river beach as its companion and the green hills as its backdrop, making it look particularly graceful and unique. It is a popular place for outings in spring and autumn, especially for summer escape. 9. Zhoukoudian Ruins: The Zhoukoudian Ruins Museum is located at the foot of Longgu Mountain in Zhoukoudian, Fangshan District, southwest of Beijing, 48 kilometers away from the city. The Zhoukoudian Ruins Museum was built in 1953 near the Zhoukoudian Peking Man Ruins. It has the richest and most systematic materials in the world. , the most valuable early Paleolithic human site, and is listed as a "World Cultural Heritage" by UNESCO. The "Peking Man" site is located in the west of Zhoukoudian Village. There are two hills juxtaposed from east to west, and the east one has a large cave. , commonly known as Yuanman Cave, was called the first site of Zhoukoudian after 1929. It is about 140 meters long from east to west and about 20 meters wide at the middle part. The time when "Peking Man" lived in Zhoukoudian began about 600,000 years ago. to more than 200,000 years ago; the early stage of "Peking Man" culture ranges from more than 600,000 years ago to more than 400,000 years ago, the middle period is from 400,000 to 300,000 years ago, and the late period is from 300,000 to more than 200,000 years ago. Before. The Zhoukoudian Peking Man site is famous for the relatively complete Peking Man fossils unearthed in the 1920s, especially the discovery of the first Peking Man skull in 1929, which provided a solid foundation for the existence of Peking Man. It has become a milestone in the history of ancient human research. It is estimated that the height of Peking Man is 156 cm (male) and 150 cm (female). The main method of processing stone tools is hammering, followed by smashing. Anvil method. Pekingese were the first ancient humans to use fire and were able to hunt large animals. According to statistics, 68.2% died before the age of 14, and less than 4.5% were over 50 years old.

< p> 10. Longqing Gorge: Longqing Gorge Natural Scenic Area is located 15 kilometers northeast of Yanqing County (Gucheng Village) and 85 kilometers away from the urban area. It is a natural canyon through which the Gucheng River flows, known as the "Little Li River outside the Great Wall." , "China's Little Three Gorges". Longqing Gorge was known as the "Old City Jiuqu" in ancient times. Its water originates from the east foot of Haituo Mountain and flows into the Gucheng Reservoir through Yudu Mountain. This scenic spot combines the charming beauty of the southern mountains and the majestic mountains and rivers of the north. The canyon is winding, the river is long and green, the cliffs on both sides are steep, the forest is dense, and the exposed limestone forms unique shapes, especially the caves formed by years of water erosion and the stalagmites, stone pillars, and stone faults in the caves, which are very similar to the rocks in the Lijiang River. Very similar, but when you look up at the mountain peaks, you can feel the majesty of the northern cliffs. Longqing Gorge scenic spot Jiguan Mountain: also known as Duxiu Peak and Fengguan Island, it is surrounded by water on three sides, and the peak is about 70 meters from the water. It looks like a lying rooster from the front, and is the iconic landscape of Longqing Gorge.

Shenxianyuan: It is located at the highest peak of the scenic spot, more than 200 meters from the water. There are ancient pine trees in the yard, 24.7 meters high and about 24.7 meters in diameter at breast height. 0.6 meters, the tree is about 300 years old. The Shenxian Yuan is divided into upper and lower courtyards, Yuhuang Pavilion and Shen Teahouse.

Baihua Cave: 320 meters long, with an exhibition area of ??3,000 square meters and 1,650 kinds of artificial flowers, plants and trees. Birds and animals are dotted among them. The Baihua Cave is divided into landscapes such as blooming flowers, tropical rainforest, northern scenery, Jiangnan scenery, and hundreds of flowers facing the phoenix.

11. Juesheng Temple (Big Bell Temple) (The big bell sounds far away) Dazhong Temple is located on the north side of the North Third Ring Road. It is also known as the Chinese Ancient Bell Museum because there is a large copper hanging in the big bell hall of the temple. It is named after the bell. It is a thematic museum that uses bell culture as a carrier to carry out academic research, exhibitions, science popularization, and social education activities. It is a youth education base and popular science education base recognized by Beijing. The Ancient Bell Museum of Dazhong Temple currently collects 439 sets of bell-related cultural relics. 12. Bailongtan (Longtan Shuyu) The beautiful and charming Bailongtan Scenic Area has beautiful mountains and rivers, stacked pools and waterfalls, many rock peaks, and slopes covered with pines and cypresses. The Longquan Temple and Wulong Temple in the scenic area were built in the Song Dynasty, and now contain the inscriptions of celebrities such as Qi Jiguang, Qianlong, Kang Youwei, Li Hongzhang, and Yuan Shikai. Bailongtan is unfathomable. It is said that there is a white dragon living in the pool, which spreads drizzle and benefits the common people's farming. It is extremely effective and responds to all requests. "The white dragon drinks in the pool during the day, and hangs its tail on the stone wall" is a poem left here by Su Che, a famous writer in the Northern Song Dynasty.

13. Ming Tombs: The Ming Tombs are a group of tombs where 13 emperors were buried after the Ming Dynasty moved its capital to Beijing. Tianshou Mountain is located at the foothills of Yanshan Mountain in Changping District, the northwest suburb of Beijing. From May of the seventh year of Yongle (1409), the Changling Mausoleum was built here until Chongzhen, the last emperor of the Ming Dynasty, was buried in Siling. During this period of more than 230 years, 13 emperors' tombs, seven concubines' tombs, and one eunuch's tomb were built. *** buried thirteen emperors, twenty-three queens, two princes, more than thirty concubines, and one eunuch. The Ming Tombs are the general name for the royal mausoleums of the 13 emperors after the Ming Dynasty moved the capital to Beijing. There are Changling (Chengzu), Xianling (Renzong), Jingling (Xuanzong), Yuling (Yingzong), Maoling ( Xianzong), Tailing (Xiaozong), Kangling (Wuzong), Yongling (Shizong), Zhaoling (Muzong), Dingling (Shenzong), Qingling (Guangzong), Deling (Xizong), Siling (Si Zong), so it is called the Ming Tombs. The scenic spots that have been opened include Changling, Dingling, Zhaoling and Shenlu. The most famous tombs are Changling and Dingling. 14. Marco Polo Bridge: It is the oldest existing stone double-arch bridge in Beijing. It is on the Yongding River in Fengtai District, about 15 kilometers southwest of Beijing. The Yongding River was formerly known as the Lugou River, and the bridge was also named after Lugou. It is the oldest existing stone combined arch bridge in Beijing. The Marco Polo Bridge is 266.5 meters long, 7.5 meters wide, and 9.3 meters wide at its widest point. There are ten bridge piers and a total of 11 bridge holes. The entire bridge body is a stone structure, and key parts are connected with silver ingots and iron tenons. It is the longest ancient stone bridge in North China. Italian traveler Marco Polo praised it as "the best and unique bridge in the world" in his travel notes. 15. Mutianyu Great Wall: "Connected to the Xianyuan Terrace of the Bohai Sea in the east and reflected in the Juyong Purple Green to the west", the Mutianyu Great Wall, one of the famous Great Wall attractions in Beijing, is located in Huairou County, Beijing, 73 kilometers away from Beijing. It is the essence of the Ming Dynasty Great Wall. According to literature research, the Mutianyu Great Wall was built under the supervision of General Xu Da under Zhu Yuanzhang in the Northern Qi Dynasty in the early Ming Dynasty. It was the first Great Wall built in the Ming Dynasty. The construction of the Mutianyu Great Wall has a unique style, with dense watchtowers, dangerous passes, and crenellations on both sides of the wall. Mutianyu Great Wall Tourist Area is surrounded by mountains and has beautiful scenery. In spring, the mountains are full of fragrant flowers and the mountain flowers are blooming; in summer, the mountains are verdant and the water is gurgling; in autumn, the mountains are covered with red leaves and fruits are abundant; in winter, the snow is capped and covered with silver, giving it a northern scenery. Mutianyu is known as the "Great Wall of China" at home and abroad. The reputation of "unique show". The Mutianyu Great Wall was rated as one of the Sixteen Scenic Spots of New Beijing in 1987, and in 1992 it was rated as the best in the world for tourism in Beijing. In 2002, it was rated as a 4A-level scenic spot.

16. Beijing Grand View Garden: The Grand View Garden is located on the west moat of You'anmen. It is an antique garden that reproduces the landscape of the "Grand View Garden" in the Chinese classical literary masterpiece "A Dream of Red Mansions". It is located in Nancaiyuan, Xuanwu District (on the bank of the moat in the southwest corner of the city). The original site was the royal vegetable garden of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the "Jiashu Office" was set up here in the Ming Dynasty. In 1984, for the filming of the TV series "Dream of Red Mansions", after discussions with redologists, ancient architects, gardeners and Qing history experts, according to the author's description in the book, Chinese classical architectural techniques and traditional gardening art techniques were used. put up. The garden architecture, mountain-shaped water system, plant landscaping, sketch embellishments, etc. in the garden strive to be faithful to the fashion of the times and detailed descriptions in the original work. The Grand View Garden in "A Dream of Red Mansions" was a provincial villa built for the eldest daughter of the Jia family in Yuanchun, so the garden The "Concubine Yuan's Provincial Marriage" costume performance is held regularly. The Grand View Garden has a total area of ??12.5 hectares, a construction area of ??more than 8,000 square meters, a water system of 24,000 square meters, and 60,000 pieces of earth and stone. The whole park has five courtyard scenic spots, three natural scenic spots, one Buddhist temple scenic spot, and one palace scenic spot. There are more than 40 scenic spots in total, making it one of the New Sixteen Scenic Spots in Beijing and one of the forty tourist attractions in China. Grand View Garden is located on the west moat of You'anmen Gate.