Korean slogan

During the Korean War, the eastern powers sent millions of volunteers to fight in the DPRK. In World War I, they played a national prestige and established the international status of a military power, which was called the founding war.

But strangely, everyone, including the enemy, knows that the volunteers are the People's Liberation Army.

Moreover, after the volunteers returned to China, they also restored the original designation of the People's Liberation Army, but why did they deliberately use the name of the volunteers?

Many people don't understand this, but when they know the truth, they all call it brilliant.

In fact, when the eastern powers decided to support North Korea, they did not name their troops "volunteers" at first, but "support troops", and there is an unknown story behind the origin of this name.

From 65438 to 0950, Korean War broke out. At first, the situation of the Korean army was excellent. By the beginning of August, more than 90% of the territory of the Korean Peninsula was liberated.

However, the United Nations troops led by the United States took the opportunity to invade flagrantly, and the situation quickly reversed. The Korean army was caught between Scylla and Charybdis and suffered heavy losses, so it was forced to retreat strategically and turned to the big countries in the East for help.

However, the arrogant United Nations forces issued a severe warning to China, but decided that the great powers in the East did not dare to send troops.

As a result, the war soon hit the Yalu River.

So after repeated thinking, the top leaders unanimously agreed to send troops to North Korea, and the tentative time was 65438+1October 65438+May.

The determination has been made, and the next step is to discuss the issue of sending troops in what name. Although seemingly simple, it is of great significance.

Because if the eastern powers openly declare that they will send troops to fight in Korea, it will be tantamount to openly declaring war on the United States, which will help the enemy a lot: "It has found an excuse to expand the war of aggression."

Therefore, how to support North Korea without looking for an excuse for the US military to expand the war, this great man has made a lot of brains for this, and even consulted Premier Zhou several times.

Their preliminary opinion is that the troops are called "support troops", which not only shows the intention of support, but also implies that the eastern powers have no intention of expanding the war.

But after all, the preliminary opinions are only preliminary. Great men have always been cautious, like to be open and honest, and pay special attention to listening to the opinions of senior and older Democrats.

These old gentlemen are experienced, knowledgeable and sophisticated. Listening to their opinions will make things more comprehensive.

Therefore, since March 1949, the great man has invited a large number of Democrats to the north for many times to discuss the grand plan of building the country.

These people come from all walks of life, including workers, farmers, literary and art workers, and scientific workers. They can always put forward original opinions on national plans from their own fields.

Therefore, the great man gave special instructions to solicit opinions from all sides on the name of sending troops, and everyone can speak freely.

Although most people say that the name "Volunteer Army" is appropriate and sending troops is just around the corner, there is no need to bother about such a trivial matter.

But great men still insist on hearing different voices.

Finally, on June 8th, 10, Huang Yanpei, a famous democrat, asked to interview a great man about "supporting the army".

Huang Yanpei, whose real name is also another name, is a famous democratic revolutionary, educator and pioneer of vocational education in modern China.

As an educator, his life was full of peaches and plums, and Chiang Kai-shek's two sons and the great mathematician Hua were his disciples.

Moreover, Huang Yanpei has extensive communication and friends all over the world. He had contacts with Yuan Shikai and Chiang Kai-shek all his life, and made friends with patriots such as Sun Yat-sen and Zhang Jian.

More importantly, he also has a close personal relationship with this great man. There are hundreds of letters between them, which cover all aspects of society. It can be seen that this great man attaches great importance to the views of his predecessors.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Premier Zhou invited him to "go out of the mountain" twice, but with kindness and hardship, Huang Yanpei became the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Light Industry at the age of 72.

Therefore, after learning of the elder's arrival, the great man personally went out to meet him and invited Premier Zhou to discuss with him.

As soon as the three met, Huang Yanpei bluntly expressed his concern: "Since the name of an ancient Taoist is not correct, then this battle will not be so good."

To this question, Premier Zhou patiently replied that it was improper to support the army and the DPRK.

However, Huang Yanpei shook his head and explained: "The support army, as its name implies, is sent to support. After all, it's from the state. Isn't this equal to openly declaring war on the United States? "

Huang Yanpei's words gave great inspiration to great men.

So the great man immediately crossed out the word "support" on the manuscript paper and rewritten it into two powerful characters: "volunteer".

Then the great man explained, "We are not declaring war on the United States, nor are we declaring war between countries. This is a matter for the people. It is precisely because the Korean people don't want to watch the Korean people being beaten that they volunteered to help them. "

Premier Zhou also praised that there are many precedents for volunteers in the world.

During the Spanish Civil War from 1936 to 1939, more than 35,000 volunteers from 54 countries formed an international column and came to Spain to support them.

In this regard, Huang Yanpei, who is over 70 years old, nodded in agreement and said that the teacher is invincible when he is famous! "

A few hours later, the top official issued the first order: Peng was appointed as the commander of the People's Volunteers.

With the order issued, hundreds of thousands of people's liberation army (PLA) who had already assembled in the northeast border also took action immediately, put on special volunteer uniforms, and all the participating troops changed into the names of the new volunteers.

In June 65438+1October 65438+September of the same year, the first batch of four main forces of the "Volunteers" crossed the Yalu River one after another and formally set foot on the Korean battlefield, competing with the armies of 17 countries.

Of course, there are more uses of the word volunteer army.

First, sending troops in the name of volunteers can confuse the enemy's intelligence system.

Because the "volunteers" in history are generally scattered small units, it is difficult to compare with the regular army in weapons and equipment and military literacy.

Therefore, in the first confrontation with the volunteers, the US military suffered a big loss. Because the volunteers chose to lurk during the day and go out at night, they quietly set foot on the Korean battlefield with the ultimate lurking tactics.

Therefore, it was not until five days after the volunteers entered the DPRK that the US military learned that an army was approaching through prisoners, but it was heard that the other side's serial number was behind the volunteers.

The U.S. military relaxed its vigilance and thought that the other side was at most a small unit spontaneously organized by the Chinese and Korean people, and its combat effectiveness was definitely not enough.

But this time, they made a complete mistake. Volunteers are not only the transformation troops of the PLA, but also the first batch of 260,000 people.

1 950165438+1October1,the first confrontation between China and the United States: the battle of Yunshan officially started.

In a strange place, with backward equipment, the volunteers annihilated more than 2,000 people in one fell swoop, captured and shot down 7 planes, 28 tanks, 76 cars 1 19 guns, and achieved extremely brilliant victory.

More importantly, the Volunteers also defeated the 8th Regiment of the American Cavalry 1 Division and wiped it out, breaking the myth that the other side 160 was unbeaten, which shocked the whole world.

However, even after being severely punished by the volunteers, the US military still insisted on its initial judgment that China would never dare to take part in the war. So they not only refused to retreat, but also gnashed their teeth and prepared to fight back, so as to avenge themselves.

The weakness of American arrogance was accurately caught by great men, and then they made plans to lure the enemy deeper.

According to the great man's plan, hundreds of thousands of American troops first entered the encirclement of the volunteers, and then laid the foundation for the final victory of the war through large-scale panic.

1950165438+1On October 27th, the battle of Changjin Lake officially started.

Hundreds of thousands of volunteers at the same time in the east and west, * * * annihilated the enemy more than 36000 people. American ace troops were forced to make "the longest retreat in history", and finally the United Nations troops were driven out of the 38th parallel.

However, in the history of the US military, it is clearly recorded: "In the history of the US Marine Corps, we have never experienced such tragic hardships. This is simply a trip to hell. "

At that time, the most mechanized army in the world could only move slowly at a distance of 500 meters every day. It can be said that death hangs on the head of every American soldier, and "living" has become the goal of all American soldiers.

Second, participating in the war in the name of volunteers limited the scope of the war and prevented it from expanding from a local war to a third world war.

After all, if you fight in the name of the People's Liberation Army, then this war may turn into a direct confrontation between China and the United States, and even the Soviet Union will be forced to leave in person.

The confrontation between the two superpowers will inevitably lead to the escalation of the war and eventually lead to the third world war.

What is even more frightening is that both the United States and the Soviet Union had nuclear weapons. Once one side is determined to use them, the other side will definitely fight back, and the consequences will be unimaginable.

The purpose of sending volunteers in China is only to help neighboring countries and defend the motherland. The situation in China has yet to be built, and naturally we don't want to see things develop to this point.

So from beginning to end, China has never declared war on the United States publicly. At this time, Peng, the commander of the Volunteer Army, did not have any formal rank, but was essentially a temporary commander.

Therefore, after receiving the task, Mr. Peng will deliberately joke and say, "I am not a volunteer!" "

But in fact, in order to know the situation as soon as possible, Mr. Peng entered North Korea several hours ahead of the first batch of volunteers.

According to Yang Fengan, his secretary, seven people, including him and Mr. Peng, boarded a Soviet jeep and entered North Korea with a radio station.

How many generals in history dared to leave their own troops and take a few people to step into a very dangerous battlefield first?

"Who dares to cross the knife at once? Only I am General Peng. "

It is also the bold and ingenious arrangement of the leaders of the older generation, such as the great men, that puts the great powers in a very favorable position and perfectly limits the goal of war scale.

Third, playing in the name of the volunteer army has avoided making too many enemies among the newly established eastern powers.

After all, the opponent of the great powers in the East is the "United Nations Army" composed of 17 countries. If we use the name of the People's Liberation Army directly, it is equivalent to declaring war on 17 countries at the same time, which is an extremely terrible diplomatic disaster and must be renamed.

In fact, although the United States later learned the truth about the "volunteer army", it never exposed it, but directly recognized the name of the volunteer army.

This is because the United States was also worried about the strength of the Sino-Soviet alliance and did not want to escalate the war, so it did not formally declare war on China until the end of the war.

In addition, China's decision to change its name to Volunteer Army is actually the wishful thinking of other participating countries, such as China, Britain, France and Canada.

After all, European countries that have not fully recovered from the trauma of World War II naturally do not want to have a stiff relationship with the big eastern countries, let alone expand the war.

When the United States announced that it was threatening the troops of China and North Korea, its allies not only refused to support it, but also condemned the United States' attempt to expand the war.

Therefore, after China's army has the name of Volunteer Army, it can be interpreted as a war that individuals voluntarily signed up for, which has nothing to do with the country.

Therefore, countries such as Britain and France, which suffered heavy losses in front of the volunteers, will declare that they have never fought against the eastern powers.

This paved the way for the climax of diplomatic relations between China and western European countries in 1960s and 1970s.

1964, France became the first western European country to establish diplomatic relations with China. From 1965 to 1976, the number of countries with diplomatic relations with China increased from 49 to11.

Among them, Britain, West Germany, Japan, Italy and other countries ushered in a new chapter in the diplomatic history of the great eastern countries.

However, it should be noted that although the first batch of volunteers who entered the DPRK were indeed transformed from the People's Liberation Army, this does not mean that they are not worthy of the name.

Because later, both PLA soldiers and ordinary people responded to the call and volunteered to participate in the war.

They are definitely volunteers worthy of the name.

The name of the volunteer army seems trivial, but it contains the profound meaning of the great man behind it. Facts have also proved that this decision is extremely wise and fully shows the extraordinary wisdom of great men.