On the Teaching Strategies of Ancient Poetry in Primary Schools

On the Teaching Strategies of Ancient Poetry in Primary Schools

As an important means to cultivate students' sentiment, cultivate students' aesthetic taste and improve students' Chinese literacy, ancient poetry occupies a very important position in primary school Chinese, and its teaching strategies should reflect new ideas and methods. Should we attach importance to ancient poetry in teaching? Background? The value of poetry enables students to better understand the realm of poetry; Strengthen reading teaching and cultivate students' sense of language; Create situations in many directions and experience feelings; Multi-interpretation, respect for individual understanding and bold creation.

Keywords: experience reading experience

"Chinese Curriculum Standard" puts forward clear requirements for the teaching of ancient poetry: in the first stage, let children read nursery rhymes, nursery rhymes and simple ancient poetry, expand their imagination, gain initial emotional experience and feel the beauty of language. In the second period, when reading excellent poems, we should pay attention to experiencing emotions and understanding the content. In the third period, we should pay attention to appreciate the content and emotion of the work through the tone and rhythm of the poem. ? As an important means to cultivate students' sentiment, cultivate students' aesthetic taste and improve students' Chinese literacy, ancient poetry occupies a very important position in primary school Chinese, and its teaching strategies should reflect new ideas and methods.

First, pay attention to ancient poetry? Background? Let students better understand the realm of poetry.

Any ancient poem is extremely rich? Background? Resources: the poet's life experience and creative process; Creation stories closely related to ancient poems; Relevant allusions and legends involved in ancient poetry; The poet's related poems; The background of the poet's life; Poet's creative style and so on. If we study it in connection with the specific background of the times and the author's life and thoughts, we can approach the poet. Teachers should guide students to understand ancient poetry comprehensively and systematically? Background? Experience the content, feelings and thoughts of ancient poetry. Students can really walk into ancient poetry and appreciate the wonderful artistic conception expressed by ancient poetry.

For example, in the poem "Jiang Xue", the poet Liu Zongyuan showed an old man fishing alone on the silent and desolate cold river through his own eyes. Why did the poet write about an old man fishing in such a season and such a place? It is difficult for students to understand the feelings at once. At this time, students should be asked to collect and inquire about the author's relevant information, so that students can understand the writing background of this poem and understand that Liu Zongyuan skillfully expressed his frustration and loneliness after being demoted and his unwillingness to go along with the authorities.

Second, strengthen reading teaching and cultivate students' sense of language

The ancients said:? Read a book a hundred times to see what it means. In the teaching of ancient poetry, we should take various forms, such as example reading, solo reading, gesture reading and so on. Let students feel the whole in reading, feel things in reading, cultivate a sense of language in reading and be influenced by emotions in reading. If you read too much, it will naturally become chanting, so as to better understand the meaning and feelings of ancient poems and improve students' reading ability.

Some teachers have studied the guiding strategy of reading aloud, which can be divided into three stages: the first stage, the initial feeling of poetic reading aloud. At this stage, students should grasp the emotional tone of poems by consulting materials, understanding poets, understanding annotations and imagining pictures on the basis of reading through ancient poems. The purpose of doing this is to make students feel oriented at the beginning of reading, which is conducive to understanding poetry. The second stage is to deepen the understanding of poetry reading. Reading aloud at this stage should set some questions or guide students to find some problems, and then combine analysis to deepen understanding in reading aloud and consolidate it in understanding.

Third, the creation of situations, multi-faceted experience, perception

? Situational teaching is to link the content of teaching materials with life situations, so that students can be exposed to specific situations and absorb information through various senses, thus obtaining vivid images, enriching specific knowledge, stimulating real emotions, learning a living language, giving full play to the synergistic effect of non-intellectual factors and intellectual factors, and improving the learning effect. ? Using situational teaching in the teaching of ancient poetry can make students gain more perceptual knowledge.

(A) intuitive display of the artistic conception of ancient poetry. Pupils are young and weak in abstract thinking. In order to make students understand the artistic conception of poetry, teachers should pay special attention to intuitive teaching, use language and teaching AIDS intuitively and stimulate students' imagination. It is an important feature of poetry to create artistic pictures of dynamic characters with rich imagination, exaggeration and contrast and express the poet's thoughts and feelings. For example, in the teaching of ancient poetry, students can draw pictures according to poems, and teachers can read affectionate model essays, with classical famous paintings and songs to stimulate emotions and create an atmosphere. You can also enjoy the music and ancient poetry recitation of modern composers, stimulate interest and help students understand the poetry in ancient poetry.

(2) Exert imagination and guide association. The first is to use your imagination. ? Imagination is a psychological process of processing and transforming past experiences and existing memory representations to form new images and concepts. ? Poetry emphasizes imagination, there is no art without emotion, and there is no aesthetics without imagination. Ancient poems are often illustrated. By supplementing illustrations, students' imagination can be linked with words and life, and a richer image can be sketched. For example, in "Spring Dawn", teachers can guide students to fill in by imagination? Blank? . Imagine the author's actions: open relaxed eyes, stretch, go to the window and push away; Imagine what the author saw and heard: petals falling, birds singing, fresh and pleasant air; Imagine the author's inner activity: what a pity that so many petals were knocked down by a storm last night!

Fourth, multiple interpretations, respect for individual understanding, and bold creation.

(1) rewrite.

Most of the ancient poems in primary schools are narrative works, which can be rewritten with a little imagination, or landscape fragments or story sketches. For example, when teaching Li Bai's "Early Making Baidicheng", students can make a beautiful picture of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River come to life by describing the changes of colorful clouds, rivers and ships and the vivid scenes of apes on the mountain, such as "To Wang Lun" and "Looking at Lushan Waterfall".

(2) Expand learning.

"Chinese Curriculum Standard" points out:? Chinese teachers should creatively understand and use teaching materials, actively develop curriculum resources and flexibly use various teaching strategies. ? Poetry cannot be the key link in the teaching of ancient poetry. Teachers should extend the tentacles of Chinese classroom to the wider world, that is, students' life and nature, and develop and generate open and energetic Chinese courses with students. For example, when teaching the poem Xiuzi, most students have studied ancient poetry. Has the poet Lu You's wish for the reunification of the motherland come true? problem You can tell the students the last few words of this poem: the sword is empty at the head of the bed, sit and watch the hands fall in the Central Plains! The green hills are full of sorrow and the war is all over the sky. When I came to Sun, I saw Kyushu Tong. How can I tell you about the family sacrifice? Your father

(3) Speak one minute before class. Can you use it? Speak one minute before class? Let the students communicate and introduce the ancient poems they have read after class, and help themselves by reading books and searching online? Have an answer? So that we can express our understanding of the meaning of poetry on the stage and achieve? Justify yourself? . In this way, we can not only give full play to students' autonomy in learning ancient poems, but also extend and expand their reading range, and truly plant the essence of China's excellent national culture in children's minds, so that they can continuously improve their Chinese literacy and reading and writing ability in the relaxed and happy teaching of ancient poems. Activity Innovation and Artistic Conception Appreciation

In fact, the form of poetry teaching is not immutable. Teachers should constantly think and innovate in practice and stimulate students' interest in learning ancient poetry through various forms. As the saying goes? Interest is the best teacher? With the interest in being a tour guide, students naturally study very hard. I have tried the following methods in teaching:

(1) Draw a poem. Children in primary schools are particularly interested in painting. After the teaching, we let students express what they want with concrete pictures, which can make students fully feel the artistic conception of ancient poetry. At the same time, teachers can also know whether students have accurately grasped the artistic conception of ancient poetry through this form. For example, in In Heron Hostel, students can feel the grandeur of the picture through the contrast of mountains, rivers, sunsets, tall buildings and colors, which can stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning more than simply reading and writing.

2 perform poetry. The language of ancient poetry is concise, among which ancient poetry with strong stories and rich characters is especially suitable for expression. For example, in Sympathy for Farmers, teachers can help students understand poetry by playing the role of farmers' farming, and it is also easy to deepen students' inner experience. Another example is in "Hometown Lianshu". After the students imagined the picture, the teacher asked one student to be a poet and several students to be children in the village to perform the scene at that time, which prompted the children to understand the text with the true feelings of role transformation. They were bound to feel intimate with the characters in the text and naturally deepened their inner experience. On the other hand, due to the form of expression, the image described in this paper not only directly affects students' senses, but also casts an emotional color.

(3) write poetry. The language of ancient poetry is highly concise and is a beautiful language. Teachers can also try to get students to rewrite ancient poetry into modern literature with beautiful artistic conception. For example, in To Wang Lun, a student rewrote it like this: On both sides of the Yangtze River in spring, butterflies are flying, flowers are in full bloom, rolling waves are flowing eastward, and a boat at the Yangtze River ferry is going to travel far. Suddenly there was a loud song on the shore. When the poet got off the boat, it turned out that Wang Lun was singing all the way. They looked at each other affectionately. The ship was about to sail far away, and the poet at the bow refused to enter the cabin. He held his fist again and again, and the people who saw him off on the shore were even more reluctant to go, raising their arms and waving for a long time. This wonderful imagination is integrated into students' understanding of beauty.

4 use poetry. After the teaching, teachers can actively guide students to taste the wonderful sentences in poetry. Create an appropriate context, rationally use poetry, and turn negative accumulation into positive accumulation.

For example:? Tomorrow after tomorrow, there are so many tomorrows. ? Yes, swallows will come back when they are gone, and willows will turn green when they are dead. Our days are gone forever. Don't hope for today, always look forward to tomorrow, will luck wave to you?

In the spring rain, we sing: good rain knows the season, when spring comes.

When it snows in winter, we sing: Like the strong wind in spring, it blows at night and blows away the petals of ten thousand pear trees.

In addition, in daily life, teachers can also organize appropriate poetry theme activities to lead students to get in touch with poetry more widely and accumulate poetry.

In a word, poetry plays an important role in improving students' aesthetic taste, thinking quality and cultural taste. In the teaching of ancient poetry, teachers can only be emotional, enthusiastic, intelligent, forward-looking and pioneering in front of students. Children's thinking is in the stage of thinking in images. The above points are not completely independent, but cross and relate to each other. Teachers should take a multi-pronged approach in teaching, really improve the efficiency of poetry teaching and improve students' quality of ancient poetry, which is the only way to truly realize the quality education of poetry.

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