Preface of classical Chinese translation

1. What does the preface of ancient Chinese mean?

"preface" is a style, in which "preface" is not a preface, but a gift.

there are two kinds of preface: book preface and gift preface. The preface of the book is relatively early, mostly describing the author's interest and writing origin, such as the preface to Yi and the preface to Taishigong. The preface to a book is different in nature from the preface to a book. It began in the Tang Dynasty. Generally, it is a kind of thoughts and feelings expressed by words between scholars. Often, people make arguments and clarify some viewpoints, which is equivalent to a style of argumentative prose. The content is mostly words of encouragement, praise and emphasis, such as Han Yu's Preface to Meng Dongye and Liu Zongyuan's Preface to Xue Cunyi.

Song Lian was an official in Jiankang (now Nanjing), the capital city, and his fellow countryman, Ma Jun, a young man from Dongyang County, Zhejiang Province, was also in Beijing, studying in the Imperial College. Ma Sheng returned to his hometown to visit relatives. Song Lian wrote this article, and combined with his own practice, he realized that "Tao is difficult to learn" and set an example to encourage Ma Sheng to study hard. 2. Translation of Classical Chinese 39

1. Jubo Xun fought back the enemy with good deeds, and Jubo Xun went to visit his sick friends in a distant place, just when he met the conference semifinals to attack the city.

A friend said to Giant Bo, "I'm a dying man. Please go quickly!" Jubo Xun said: "I came all the way to visit you, but you asked me to leave;" This kind of behavior that destroys morality for fear of death is what I Jubo Xun can do? " When the thief soldiers came, he asked Jubo Xun, "When the army arrived, the whole city fled. Who are you to dare to stay here alone?" Jubo Xun replied: "My friend is sick and I can't bear to leave him. I would rather exchange my body for my friend's life!" After listening to this, the thieves and soldiers said to each other, "We, the senseless people, have invaded this moral country!" " So the whole army withdrew from the town, and the whole city was saved. 2. Cai Hong went to Luocai Hong and came to Luoyang. The local people in Luoyang said to him: "The official office has just been established, and all the officials are recruiting subordinates, seeking talents from humble origins and seeking heroes from Shan Ye hermits.

You are a scholar in the land of Wu Chu and a national subjugation. What special talents do you have to participate in the recruitment? " Cai Hong replied: "The night pearl is not necessarily produced in Mengjin River; The wall jade with a full grip doesn't have to be picked from Kunlun Mountain. Dayu was born in Dongyi, and Wen Wang was born in Xiqiang.

The birthplace of sages need not be a fixed place. Once upon a time, King Wu crusaded against Zhou Wang and moved the stupid people of Shang Dynasty to Luoyang. Are you the descendants of those people? " 3. Shi Chong and Wang Kai compete for luxury. Shi Chong and Wang Kai compete for wealth. Both of them use the most bright and gorgeous things to decorate their chariots, horses and clothes.

Emperor Wu of Jin is Wang Kai's nephew and often helps Wang Kai. He once gave Wang Kai a coral tree two feet high. This coral tree has luxuriant branches, and there are few others in the world who are comparable to it.

Wang Kai showed it to Shi Chong. After Shi Chong saw it, he knocked on it with a latte and broke it. Wang Kai felt sorry and thought that Shi Chong was jealous of his treasure. His voice and face were very harsh when he spoke.

Shi Chong said, "It's not worth regretting. I'll compensate you now." So I asked my men to take out all the coral trees at home. There are six or seven trees that are three feet or four feet high, and the trunks and branches are unparalleled and dazzling. There are even more like Wang Kai.

Wang Kai was at a loss. 4. Wang Xizhi's wit When Wang Xizhi was ten years old, the general loved him very much.

often let him sleep in the tent. Wang Dun once got up to pay the bill first, but Wang Xizhi hasn't got up yet.

After a while, Qian Feng came in to discuss important matters, forgetting that Wang Xizhi was still in the account, and talking about plans to betray the imperial court. When Wang Xizhi woke up, he heard what they were talking about. When he was horrified, he knew that he had no life, so he spat on his face and bedding and pretended to be asleep.

Wang Dun and the others had just been in the middle of their plot when they remembered that Wang Xizhi had not yet got up. They were very alarmed, fearing that the child would be leaked, and they all said, "We have to get rid of him!" When I opened the curtains, I saw Wang Xizhi spitting all over his face, believing that he was really asleep, so he was saved. Praise him for his cleverness at that time.

5. Ban Chao, a native of Fufeng Ping Ling, is the son of Ban Biao, the magistrate of Xuxian County. Ban Chao is ambitious and doesn't care about small things.

However, filial piety and diligence at home often lead a hard life, and labor is not a shame. He is eloquent and has a rough look at many historical classics.

In 62 AD (the fifth year of Yongping), my brother Ban Gu was recruited as a school book boy, and Ban Chao and his mother also went to Luoyang with their classmates. Because the family is poor, Ban Chaochang copied books for the government to earn money to support his family.

He has been copying for a long time, and he was exhausted. On one occasion, he stopped what he was doing, threw a pen and sighed: "If a gentleman doesn't have a better ambition and strategy, he should make great achievements in a foreign land like Fu Jiezi in the Zhaodi period and Zhang Qian in the Wudi period, so as to get a seal. How can he be busy between pens and inkstones for a long time?" Everyone around him laughed at him. Ban Chao said, "How can a boy understand the ambition of a strong man!" 6. Lu Ji Huai Ju Lu Ji was a native of the State of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. His father's name is Lu Kang. He used to be a magistrate in Lujiang and had a good relationship with Yuan Shu.

when Lu Ji was six years old, he met Yuan Shu in Jiujiang. Yuan Shu asked someone to give him oranges to eat. Lu Ji stole three, left Yuan Shu, and the oranges fell to the ground.

Yuan Shu said with a smile, "Lu Lang was a guest but brought oranges. Why?" Lu Ji knelt down and replied, "oranges are sweet. I want to take them back to my mother!" " Yuan Shu said: "Lu Lang knows filial piety at such a young age, and he will become a great talent when he grows up!" Yuan Shu was surprised and often praised it later. Now some people are hiding fruits in their arms at dinner, trying to tease children.

hide in your arms, too. Why don't you turn your love for children into love for your parents? Lu Lang, a wizard, can serve as a model.

7. Shepherd Wei Law of Su Wu knew that Su Wu could not coerce to surrender after all, and reported Khan. Khan wanted to make him surrender more and more, so he imprisoned Su Wu and put him in a big cellar without giving him anything to drink or eat.

It snowed, and Su Wu lay chewing the snow and swallowed it with felt wool to satisfy his hunger. He would not die for several days. The Huns thought it was magical, so they moved Su Wu to a place where there was no one by the North Sea, and let him graze the ram, saying that it would not be returned to Han until the ram gave birth to a lamb.

At the same time, put his subordinates and his entourage Chang Hui and others in other places respectively. After Su Wu moved to Beihai, the grain could not be delivered, so he had to dig up the wild fruits stored by wild rats to eat.

He leans on Fu Jie, a shepherd in Hanting, and holds it when he sleeps and gets up, so that all the yak tail hairs tied to the joints are taken off. 8. King Xiang of Chu asked Yu Song Yu. King Xiang of Chu asked Song Yu, "Perhaps Mr. Chu has misbehaved? Why don't all the scholars and people praise you so much? " Song Yu replied: "Yes, it is. There is such a situation.

I hope your Majesty will forgive me for my sins and allow me to finish. " "There was a guest singing in the capital. At first, he sang" Xiali "and" Ba People ",and there were thousands of people singing with him in the capital. Later, he sang "yang a" and "Qiu Lu", and hundreds of people followed him in the city; When he sang "Yangchun" and "Snow White", there were only dozens of people singing with him in the city. Finally, when quoting Shang Sheng, portraying the feather sound and using the flowing voice, only a few people followed him in the city.

In this way, the more elegant a song is, the fewer people will sing with it. 9. Fan Zhongyan is interested in the world. Fan Zhongyan died when he was two years old.

mother is poor and has no one to rely on. She remarried to the Zhujiajian family in Changshan.

When he grew up, he knew his life, with tears in his eyes. 3. The preface to sending a boy to sing in classical Chinese translation

The preface to sending a boy to sing shows that many Vietnamese people in the original text of Gui Youguang come and go to Wuzhong, and they make books as their profession.

It is rare for Tongziming to travel to Kunshan from his ancestors. A few years ago, the boat was in the Loujiang River, and the rest was over.

Zi Ming shows that Yu can be a man with his poems. When I came back this year, my friend Zhou Weiyue saw Yu, thinking that his ancestors were old with him, saying that Zi Ming was lonely and hated those who had no sympathy.

It's good to be clear and handsome when you sing with poetry. However, Zi Ming is reluctant to talk to Yu, and he has the intention of asking about learning, which I especially miss.

After tasting the book cloud inscribed by Yuan people, I found that the ancient books were slightly published since the imperial examination was abolished, and Yu Gai deeply lamented his words. My husband's career as a scholar in this life is flourishing, and scholars no longer know that there are books.

to study without reading is the wrong way, but Confucius hates it. No wonder they don't know how to cultivate themselves inside and how to be close to others outside, but they are competing with Rong Li every day to become a common custom, and there are often shortages of materials in the world.

a child sings in a book, and a calendar can recite it. I'm a wonderful child.

Fu's ancient books are the best in the world. People live with them every day, and their souls must be able to develop themselves.

"Jade is on the mountain and the grass is moist, while the deep produces pearls and the cliff does not wither." The gathering of books should be like a golden treasure, like a Qingyun wheel, covering it, and those who are moistened by it will not wither.

Mr. Zhuang Qu tasted the afterword: Chen Yuancheng of Guangdong Province, at least illiterate, thanked himself for taking four books and worshiping them all day, but suddenly he could read. To know the god of books.

non-books are gods. Although the ancients died, their gods did not exist. Although today's people have gone far away from ancient times, their gods have met them.

this book is valuable. Although, today's scholars, straight that the soil stalk has ears.

Zi Ming praised the ancient books, but he hardly inspired himself. Now I want the meaning of ancient books, and I am afraid that the poorer they are. At the end of the year, I will go to Xishan to lodge, and I will return it to Taiwei, and I will give it a book.

There are many people in wuyue who come and go to Wuzhong area to sell books. Once upon a time, Tong Ziming traveled (visited) Kunshan with his ancestors, and (that was him) was still very young.

a few years ago, (he) took a boat to Loujiang, and I visited him. Tong Ziming showed me his poems, and he was able to surpass others.

This year, my friend Zhou Weiyue came to visit me, because he missed the old friendship between his ancestors and (Tong Ziming's ancestors) and said that Tong Ziming was helpless and only hated (himself) for not being able to help him. Soon after, Tong Ziming came (to visit me) with his poems, which were more fresh and meaningful to read.

However, Tong Ziming still yearns for me, which I still remember. I once saw people in the Yuan Dynasty inscribe on the books they engraved, saying that since the imperial examination was abolished, ancient books have gradually come out, and I deeply admire what he said.

nowadays, the industry of promoting scholars is very prosperous, and scholars no longer know that there are books. Studying without reading is Zilu's hobby, but Confucius doesn't like it.

it is no wonder that most people in today's society don't know the way of self-cultivation inside and the method of selecting talents outside, and they scramble for fame and fortune every day, which gradually forms popular habits in society, so there are often worries about the shortage of talents in the world. A boy can probably recite the book when he is right.

therefore, I feel that the boy singing is different from the common people. The so-called classics are the gods and weird things in the world.

People are with them every day, and people's wisdom must have the opportunity to develop itself. "Jade is on the mountain and the grass is moist, and the deep pearl is born but the cliff is not dry."

books should be like the aura of gold and jewels, like the winding of auspicious clouds. If you protect them, the things moistened by them will (no longer) be dry. My uncle, Mr. Zhuang Qu (Wei Xiao), once said to me: Chen Yuancheng, a native of Guangdong, never read when he was young. (Suddenly) one day, he was inspired by himself and brought four books to worship all day, and suddenly he was able to read.

that's why I know the magic of books. It is not that books can become gods. Although the ancients died, their spirit has always been there.

Although modern people are far away from ancient times, our spirits can always meet those of the ancients. This is why books are valuable.

Even so, people who study today only think that books are idols made of clay. The boy Ming sells ancient books, but he can hardly support himself. Now, if he wants to explore the righteousness of ancient books, I am afraid his life will be even more embarrassing.

at the end of the year, (I) will go to Xishan's apartment, return to Taimo, and write this preface for him. Note 1, different time: here is "past time; Once upon a time ".

(1) at different times. "Mozi Jing Shang": "When you are different for a long time, you are different."

Biographies of Zhong Ni's Disciples in Historical Records: "Father Yan Hui, the traveler, and his son have different experiences of Confucius." Jin Sunzhuo's "Zhi Dun Fang Xiangzi Period": "Zhi Dun, Xiang beautiful and elegant Shang Zhuang Lao; When the two sons are different, the wind is so mysterious. "

Tang Shiguan's "Wang Qi, the Master of Harmony": "The crimson flowers are as expensive as the same day, and the spring orchids and autumn chrysanthemums are different." (2) in the past; Once upon a time

The Book of Historical Records: "There are differences in the calculation of cars at different times and the money collected by Jia people." Sima Zhen Suoyin: "When you are different, you are still in the past."

A Biography of the New Tang Dynasty: "There are lakes and ponds in the Ministry, and 3, hectares of farmland are irrigated at different times, which is wasted for a long time." Hu Yinglin in the Ming Dynasty wrote "A Collection of Books in Shaoshi Mountain Room and a Collection of Classics": "In the previous generation, I bought a suicide note, and the items were salty: there were records of missing books in Sui Dynasty, records of visiting books in Tang Dynasty and records of seeking books in Song Dynasty.

different owners should pay attention to this. " Zhang Binglin's Book Booking and Confucius Booking: "The old masters in different times did not set their minds on deleting the six arts, but Confucius was good at it."

after (3); When he. "Historical Records and Biography of Su Qin": "However, there are many differences between Su and Qin in the world, and those who have different current events are all attached to Su Qin."

Song Luyou's Postscript: "Remember it as a different time and laugh." Qing Yao Ying's Essay Book with Lu Cishan: "It's not necessary to integrate and engrave in different times, or even to list this book first."

2. Boating: Stop and dock. 3, people: beyond everyone.

The Book of Shang Jun's Painting Strategy: "A mortal's main virtue is not that of others, nor that of knowing others, nor that of being brave." In the Southern Song Dynasty, Liu Yiqing's "Shi Shuo Xin Yu Appreciate the Reputation": "As the saying goes,' Yangzhou is a unique man, and later he became a guest.

' "Song Sima Guang's Epitaph of Zhang Jun, the Commandant of Jinyun County": "Your nature is fond of learning, and at the age of fifteen, his ambition has won him a reputation." Ming Yang Shen's "Dan Lead General Record Historical Records People are not far away": "How can you surpass others if you eat and don't study all day? People, such as Gu Yan: add people first class; Later generations said: Be a man. "

4, facies: get along; Communicate with each other Yi Daguo: "As the saying goes, an old woman's wife has lived with her."

Historical Records Biography of Huaiyin Hou: "This. 4. Preface to the Anthology of Mr. Qingxia: Translation in Classical Chinese < P > Hey, you can translate it at school! ~ ~ Royal Guards

Shen Jun Qingxia, as an experienced Royal Guards, wrote a letter attacking the Prime Minister, so the Prime Minister hated him very much. Is trying to Luo Zhi his charges, thanks to the emperor's kindness, especially to reduce his guilt, exiled him to the frontier fortress. During that period, Shen Jun's reputation for being outspoken has spread all over the world. Soon, Shen Jun dragged his wife and children away from home and came to the fortress. It happened that there were frequent emergency alarms of enemy invasion in Xuanfu town and Datong town, but the generals at all levels below Shuaifu were helpless, closed the fortress and let the enemy intrude, and even failed to shoot an arrow to fight the enemy. Even when the enemy retreated, they cut off the left ears of the dead in their own ranks and the people walking in the countryside to invite credit and reward. So the father cried for his son, the wife cried for her husband, and the brother cried for his brother.