Translation of 100 paragraphs of classical Chinese for the first year of high school for those aged 30 and above

30. The Lu people stole the grains and turned them into wine

In ancient times, Zhongshan was rich in fine wine. There was a man from Lu who wanted to introduce the fine wine from Zhongshan to Lu. However, Zhongshan State strictly guarded "trade secrets" and the people of Lu State could not ask for help. In his anxiety, he accidentally saw a pile of unattended wine grains. He thought that there must be fungi in it, so he stole some and brought it home to make wine. After the wine was produced, the people of Lu State boasted about it. I can also make wine like Zhongshan. It happened that a brewer from Zhongshan came here. After tasting the wine made by Lu, he laughed and said, how does it taste like our Zhongshan wine lees?

31. Respecting his father but not his son

Tian Zifang was sitting with Marquis Wei Wen. The prince walked hurriedly into the palace to pay homage to Marquis Wei Wen. Upon seeing this, all the guests and ministers stood up. Only Tian Zifang did not stand. Wei Wenhou looked unhappy, and so did the prince. Tian Zifang said, "Should I stand up for the prince's sake?" Unfortunately, this is not in line with etiquette. Won't you stand up for you? Unfortunately, this will offend you again. Please allow me to tell you a past incident: When King Chu Gong was the crown prince, he planned to go out to Yunmeng one day. On the way, he met the doctor Gong Yun, who hurriedly hid in his door. The prince got out of the car and followed him to the door of this family's house and said, "You are a doctor, why are you like this? I heard: respecting a father does not mean respecting his son at the same time. If you respect his son at the same time, there is nothing more important than this." It's even more unlucky. You are a doctor, why are you doing this? Gong Yun said: I only saw your face from now on. I will definitely be like this. Where are you going?" (After listening) Wei Wenhou said: "Okay." The prince went up and told what King Chu Gong had said, and after saying it three times, he asked to learn from Tian Zifang.

32. If you don't make a sound, it will be a blockbuster

Chun Yukun is the son-in-law of Qi State. He is less than seven feet tall, interesting in conversation and good at argument. He has been on several missions to the vassal states without ever being insulted. When King Wei of Qi was king, he liked to talk in argot, stay up all night, drink and have fun, indulge in pleasure, and did not manage the government affairs, leaving political affairs to the officials. The ministers were negligent in their management, and the country was very unstable. If the princes invade the country together, the country will be destroyed. The danger of destruction is only a matter of seconds. The ministers on the left and right did not dare to remonstrate, so Chun persuaded King Qi Wei in cryptic words: "There is a big bird in the country that has roosted in your courtyard. It has not flown or screamed for three years. Your Majesty, do you know what kind of bird this is?" Qi Wei The king said: "If this bird doesn't fly, then let it go. Once it flies, it will soar into the sky. If it doesn't crow, it will amaze people." So he went to see the county magistrate, officials and other seventy-two people, and rewarded one person. Kill one person. When he led his troops out, the princes were shocked and returned the occupied land of Qi to the King of Qi. King Qi Wei ruled like this for 36 years. These words are all recorded in "Tian Wan Family". In the eighth year of King Wei of Qi, Chu sent a large-scale army to attack Qi. King Wei of Qi sent Chunyu Kun to Zhao to ask for reinforcements, and gave Zhao a hundred catties of gold and ten four-horse chariots. Chunyu Kun looked up to the sky and laughed, all the straps on his hat were broken. King Qi Wei said: "Do you think these things are too few?" Chunyu Kun said: "How dare you do this." King Qi Wei said: "Your laughter is What's the explanation?" Chunyu Kun said: "Today I came from the east and saw someone on the roadside offering sacrifices to heaven and earth to bless himself. He took a pig's trotter and a glass of wine and prayed: 'I hope that the small highland can have a good harvest. Let my grains fill my bamboo cages, let my low-lying land have a good harvest, let my grains fill my carts, let my fields grow lushly, and let my barns be full of grains. 'I saw him holding so few sacrifices. , but he asked for so much, so he laughed at him." So King Qi Wei increased the gift to one thousand yuan, ten pairs of white walls, and one hundred four-horse carriages. Chunyu Kun bid farewell to the King of Qi and arrived at the State of Zhao. The King of Zhao gave him one hundred thousand elite soldiers and one thousand chariots. When the Chu people heard the news, they left with their troops overnight.

33． Yuanke raises silkworms

Yuanke is from Jiyin. He was so handsome that the villagers all wanted to marry their daughters to him, but he never took a wife. He once planted five-color vanilla and continued to grow it for decades and ate its fruits. One day, suddenly a five-colored divine moth landed on the vanilla. The guest accepted the moth and spread it with a cloth. The moth gave birth to silkworms on the cloth. When the silkworms formed cocoons, a fairy came down at night to help the guest raise the silkworms. The guest fed the silkworms with vanilla and eventually got 120 cocoons as big as an urn. It takes six or seven days to finish each cocoon. After the spinning was completed, the fairy and the guest all went away, and no one knew where they were going.

34． Observation of Painting

(A) Duke Ma Zhenghui once treasured Dai Song’s “Bullfighting Picture” in his collection. In his spare day, he displayed the painting in front of the hall. An old farmer who paid rent laughed secretly when he saw it. The Duke felt doubtful and asked the reason. The old farmer replied: "I don't know the painting, but I know the real cow. When the cow is fighting, it should put its tail between its legs. Even a strong man with great strength cannot pull it out. In this picture The cows are all raising their tails, they don’t look alike!” After hearing this, Duke Ma Zhenghui was amazed by these words.

(B) Ouyang Xiu once got an ancient painting "Peony Cluster". Under the "Peony Cluster" was a cat. He didn't know whether the painting was good or bad. Prime Minister Wu Gong and Ouyang Xiu are sons and daughters. After seeing this painting one day, he said: "This painting is of peonies at noon. How can I understand it? The peonies are open, but the color is dry (not bright). This is the peony at noon! Cat! The black eyes are narrowed into a line, which is the cat's eye at noon (if there are flowers with dew), then the flower room shrinks and the color is bright and moist. The pupils of the cat's eyes are round in the morning and evening, and become narrow and long as the sun gradually rises. By noon it will be like a line. "This is also a good way to explore the intention of ancient people in painting!

35. Scholars should put instrument knowledge first

"Song History" says that Liu Zhongsu often warned his disciples: "Scholars should put instrument and knowledge in the most important position. This person will disdain the literati who learn from it and regard it as vulgar. "Since I read this, I have declined (all) socializing words to cultivate my sense and knowledge and not to degenerate myself." literati" level. And hang this sign (referring to the text "Refuse to socialize") in the house to refuse other people's invitations. This is what everyone can see. You don't know it yet, or you should think that doing these things in accordance with general social customs will not hurt your cultivation. What about your own capacity and knowledge? Li Yong repeatedly asked me to write a biography for his dead mother, but I finally declined. The reason was that it was just for a small matter about one person and a family but had nothing to do with major matters such as Confucianism and politics, so I would not write it. Han Wengong's articles began to be written during the decline of the Eight Dynasties. If he only wrote articles such as "Yuan Dao", "Yuan Destruction", "Contending Ministers", "Ping Huaixi Stele", and "Preface to the Biography of Zhang Zhongchen", all If you refuse to write all "inscriptions" (referring to social texts), then it can indeed be called a modern Taishan Beidou, and now I dare not recognize it. These are not my words. Liu Cha (a poet of the Tang Dynasty) had already accused him at that time.

36. Observe his words and observe his actions

Ai Gong asked Confucius: "What kind of talents should be selected?" Confucius replied: "The bow and arrow are in harmony before they can be asked to hit; the horse is honest, kind and tame. , and then go for a good rider; a person must be loyal, sincere, steady, and simple, only then can he ask for his wisdom and talents. Now there are people who are not loyal, sincere, steady, and simple, but are rich in wisdom and talents, like this. People are like wolves, you can't let your body get close to them. For this reason, you must first see that he is a kind and sincere person, and then get close to him. If this person has wisdom and talent, then use him. Get close to kind people and use their talents. The way to select talents is not only to listen to what they say, but also to observe his actions. Words are used to express his ambitions and feelings. People who can do things must be able to use words. Express it. For this reason, you must first look at what he said and then examine his actions. Even if you do evil things, you can't hide his true feelings." Ai Gong also said: "Okay. ”

37. Xiaogang Ferryman

In the winter of the Gengyin year, I wanted to go from Xiaogang to Jiaochuan City, and asked the little book boy to bundle the books with wooden slips and follow me. At that time, the sun was setting in the west, and the evening smoke lingered in the treetops. From a distance, I could see that Jiaochuan City was about two miles away, so I asked the ferryman if I could still get there before the south gate closed. The ferryman looked at my bookboy carefully and replied, "Go slowly." , the south gate is still open; if I walk quickly, the south gate will be closed." I was a little angry and thought he was teasing me, so I walked quickly. Halfway through, the little book boy fell to the ground, the wooden slips broke and the books scattered on the ground. The book boy cried and did not get up immediately. By the time he finished sorting and binding the books, the south door was already closed. I felt gloomy, remembering that the ferryman’s words were almost the truth.

The people in the world who fail because of their impatience and are still desperate and have nowhere to go in the evening are probably like this! I'm afraid it's like this!

38. The boy on the reverse journey

In September and autumn of the Wuxu year, I returned from the fortress and stayed in a stone trough (on the way). The little boy in the inn (where he stayed) was sad and thin, and (he was wearing) a shabby single cloth without shoes or socks. The innkeeper beat him very fiercely, and the little boy cried very sadly. (I) asked my neighbor about the little boy, and (the neighbor) told me: "This is the child left behind by the innkeeper's brother. (The family) has a field, livestock, daily necessities, and some crude utensils. (The innkeeper) was worried that the little boy would share the (family property) with him when he grew up, so he did not care about him suffering from cold and hunger and drove him hard at night. (It looks like he) won't survive." When I arrived in the capital, I wrote twice to tell Jing Zhaoyin: "We should send an official document to the county government to arrest the shop owner, investigate him, and ask fellow villagers to vouch for him and then release him."

In April of the next year, (I) passed by the stone trough again, and the villagers said: "The little boy died that winter, and the shopkeeper also died suddenly. His wife, children, fields and houses, livestock and sundries were all gone. Possessed by others." (I) asked, "Have the officials ever investigated this matter seriously?" The answer was no.

In the past, the king used the Dao to let the people understand (the truth), but he was afraid that the stubborn people would not understand, so he used the "eight punishments in the countryside" to supervise the people's compliance with the law. Those who were not filial to their parents and elders, or disobeyed their elders, Those who are not harmonious among relatives and friends, do not keep trust among friends, and do not help others when they see them in danger, will be immediately investigated by the criminal law. If the people guarantee each other, (if) the five families who have committed the crime of evil practices are involved, (in this way) use To block the ways for people to commit crimes and prevent them from having evil thoughts.

The rule of Guanzi is that from the township master to the heads of five or ten households, they supervise each other. If there is any crime, they must ask the law enforcement officials. Perhaps what Duke Zhou was worried about was the corruption of the people's customs. When he came to Guanzi, he was also worried about officials neglecting their duties. From this, we can see the changes in the world.

39． On Shengxiao Zhangshu

Time cannot stop, it passes like running water, and he soon reaches the age of fifty. You are just one year old, but I am already over two years old. Almost all the acquaintances and acquaintances in the country were dead. Only Sheng Xiaozhang of Kuaiji was still alive. He was humiliated by the Sun family's regime in Soochow. His wife and children were all dead, leaving him alone and helpless, in a very dangerous situation and in a very painful mood. If sorrow can damage people's health, Xiaozhang may not live long. "The Legend of Gongyang in the Spring and Autumn Period" says: "The princes were trying to annex each other, but Duke Huan of Qi did not rescue him. He felt ashamed." Sheng Xiaozhang is indeed a hero among men today, and some of the best people in the world are good at talking and talking. He was often relied on to promote his reputation, but he himself could not avoid being imprisoned and his life was in danger, so Confucius should not talk about the quality of friends. It is no wonder that Zhu Mu wrote his "On Severing Diplomacy". If you can send a messenger quickly and bring a text message, you can recruit Xiaozhang, and the way of making friends can be carried forward.

40. Postscript to Fan Wenzhenggong

Fan Wenzhenggong's calligraphy is quick and calm, very close to the calligraphy of Jin and Song people. In the past, Su Shunyuan's calligraphy was famous all over the world for its wonderful calligraphy. Refuse to praise people of the same era. People only praise Wen Zhenggong's calligraphy as comparable to "Le Yi Lun". When I learned about this evaluation when I was young, I didn't think it was so at first. I thought Su Shunyuan looked down upon everything in the world. Everyone looked at him angrily, thinking that he ignored the king's law and would definitely be killed in the future. But Wen Zhenggong was very kind to him. He liked his talents and forgot his shortcomings. So Cai Weng added some blunt words when commenting on calligraphy. When I was old, I read Fan Wenzhenggong's calligraphy, and I realized that he used the pen for practical purposes, which was what he was best at. Probably Wen Zhenggong's experience in dealing with the world is very clever. It is assumed that his use of brushwork can easily enter into the laws of the ancients. Nowadays, scholar-officials who love calligraphy should not only learn his writing skills, but also the words he used to educate and advise his old friends and relatives. If you deeply love his calligraphy, you must deeply appreciate its meaning, and by extension, apply it to the world you experience. I do not believe that you cannot become a good person and a person with lofty ideals.

41． Liu Zihou's epitaph

Zihou was very smart and capable when he was young, and he knew everything well.

When his father was still alive, although he was very young, he had already become a talented person. He was able to pass the Jinshi examination and showed outstanding talents. Everyone said that the Liu family had a good son. Later, he passed the examination of Erxue Hongci and was awarded the title of Jixiandian Zhengzi. He has outstanding intelligence, integrity and resoluteness. He can cite modern and ancient examples as basis for his opinions. He is proficient in classics, history and various schools of thought. He speaks freely and with high spirits, which often impresses the people in the house. As a result, he became famous and for a while people admired him and wanted to associate with him. The ministers and nobles were vying to accept him as their disciple, and unanimously recommended and praised him. In the 19th year of Zhenyuan, Zihou was transferred from the captain of Lantian County to the position of supervisory censor. Shunzong ascended the throne and was promoted to wailang, a member of the Ministry of Rites. Whenever someone in power was convicted, he was demoted out of the capital to serve as governor. Before he could take office, he was demoted to Yongzhou Sima according to the regulations. Living in a leisurely place, I studied harder, concentrated on reading, and wrote poems and essays. My writing style was as unbridled as the ocean, rich and concise, as profound and broad as the boundless sea water. And he himself indulged in the mountains and rivers.

42． The Book of Scholars in the Mountains and Pei Di

Translation It is now the end of the twelfth month of the lunar calendar, and the weather is mild and comfortable. It is a good time to visit Lantian Mountain, my former residence. You were reviewing the scriptures, and you were in a hurry, so you didn't dare to interrupt, so you went to the mountains by yourself, rested at Ganpei Temple, had a meal with the abbot of the temple, and then left. I crossed the dark blue Ba River to the north. The moon was clear and reflected the city walls. When I climbed up to Huazigang in the dark of night, I saw ripples in the water, rising and falling, and the shadow of the moon in the water also rose and fell with it. The distant lights in the cold mountains flickered on and off, clearly visible outside the forest. Dogs barked in the deep alleys, their barking sounding like a leopard's bark. The sound of pounding rice came from the village, intertwined with the sparse ringing of bells. At this time, I was sitting there alone, and the boy servant who followed me had fallen asleep. I thought a lot about the past when we held hands and recited poems, strolling on the narrow path, near the clear flowing water. In spring, the grass and trees spread and grow, and the spring mountain scenery is even more beautiful. The nimble minnows jump out of the water, the white gulls spread their wings, the morning dew wets the green grass, and the pheasants sing in the early morning in the wheat fields. These are all The scenery is not far away now, (you) can you play with me? If your nature is not different, can I treat inviting you as a chore? And there is a profound meaning in this! Don't ignore it. Because there is a man carrying cork trees out of the mountain, and I asked him to bring you this letter. I won’t go into details one by one.

43. Da Yan

There was a man named Zun Lusha in Qin State who was good at rhetoric and did not doubt himself in such situations. The people of Qin laughed at him, and Zun Lusha said: "Don't laugh at me, I will use the method of establishing a kingdom to persuade the king of Chu." (He) went south in a leisurely manner. When he arrived at the border of Chu State, the petty officials guarding the border detained him. Zun Lusha said: "Be careful not to imprison me. I am here for the army of the King of Chu." The junior officer guarding the pass sent him to the court. The doctor put him in a hotel and asked him: "Sir, he did not look down on our country. He traveled thousands of miles to make our Chu country prosperous. We have not been in contact for a long time, so we did not dare to express our true feelings; we did not dare to ask more questions. I want to ask you what is the purpose of coming to Chu State?" Zun Lusha said angrily: "This is not what you know!" The doctor did not ask about his situation and recommended him to Shang Qingxia. Xia treated him as a guest and asked him questions like a doctor. Zunlusha became even more angry and wanted to say goodbye and leave. Xia was afraid of offending the king, so he hurriedly told Zun Lusha's situation. The king hurriedly received (Zunlusha), but before he arrived, the envoys had already gone three or four times. When he saw the King of Chu, he only made a deep bow without kneeling down to worship him. He called the King of Chu and said to him: "To the east of the Chu Kingdom are the Wu Kingdom and the Yue Kingdom, to the west is the Qin Kingdom, and to the north is the Qi Kingdom. The states of Jin and the state of Jin are all watching with eager eyes. I recently passed through the outskirts of the state of Jin. I heard that the princes of Jin and the princes agreed to attack the state of Chu. The alliance vowed: "If you don't bring disaster to the Chu country, we will not meet each other." And the white jade was thrown into the Yellow River to sacrifice the river. Can the king still sleep peacefully on his pillow? "Chu?" The king stood up and asked Zun Lusha what to do. Zun Lusha pointed to the sky and said, "If I respected Lu Sha as your minister, Chu would not be as powerful as the sun!" The king of Chu said, "But what about that?" What happened before?" Zun Lusha said: "This cannot be said in vain." The king of Chu said: "Yes." He immediately appointed Zun Lusha as the minister. Three months later, nothing is different. Soon the troops of the princes led by the Marquis of Jin arrived. The King of Chu was very frightened and summoned Zun Lusha to repel them.

Zun Lusha stared at King Chu without answering. The King of Chu forced him to answer, and then said: "The Jin army is very fierce. I have the best plan for you, so why not cede the land to them." The King of Chu was furious, imprisoned him for three years, cut off his nose and let him go. he. Zun Lusha said to people: "From now on, I understand that boasting can buy disasters one by one." He never spoke for the rest of his life. When he was about to say something, he touched his nose and stopped.

44. The Legend of the Grasshopper

Translation The Grasshopper is a small insect that likes to carry things on its back. When crawling when they encounter something, they always grab it and carry it with their head raised. The more things you carry, the heavier they become, and you don't stop even if you are very tired. Its back is very rough, so things will not scatter when piled on it, and it will eventually be overwhelmed and unable to get up. Some people took pity on it and took off the things on its back. But if the locust can crawl, it can grab things and carry them on its back as before. This little bug also likes to climb to high places and will not stop even after exhausting its strength, causing it to fall and die on the ground.

I understand

Those greedy people in the world today take a handful of money when they see it and use it to fill their family property. They don’t know that wealth has become a burden to them. I'm just afraid that I won't accumulate enough wealth. Once they collapsed due to negligence, some were dismissed from office, and some were demoted to remote areas, which can be regarded as suffering. Once they are appointed, they do not want to repent. They think about improving their status and increasing their salary every day, and they even get more greedy for money, even to the point of falling to death. Those who perish do not know how to learn. Although their appearance looks huge and their names are humans, their knowledge is the same as that of grasshoppers, which is so sad!

45. Ziyu Debate

Song Gong and Chu people fought in Hong (1). The people of Song Dynasty were in line, but the people of Chu were not ready (2). Sima said (3): "I have few of them, and they haven't helped yet, so please attack them." The Duke said, "No." Since they have helped but haven't formed a line, they have to report. The Duke said: "It's not possible." After Chen Chen attacked him (4), the Song army was defeated. The public injury unit (5), the gate officer wiped out Yan (6). Everyone in the country blames the public. The Duke said: "A gentleman will not be seriously injured (7), nor will he be a bird with two feathers (8). In ancient times, the army was not to block the passes. Even if the country is destroyed (9), I will not be able to form a line (10)."

Ziyu said: "You don't know how to fight. I am afraid of the enemy (11) and do not line up in a narrow place (12). God praises me (13). Isn't it okay to block it and drum it up? There are still Be afraid! Now all the enemies are our enemies. Even if you get it, it will be better than Ermao (15)! How not to be serious? If you love a serious injury, then don't hurt it; if you love the two hairs, then it is like obeying it (16). The three armies can use it (17), and the golden drum can use it to block the pass. Ye; the sound is powerful and the drum is powerful (19)." - Selected from "Zuo Zhuan" of "Commentaries on the Thirteen Classics"

Song Xianggong and the Chu army fought at Hongshui. The Song army has set up its formation, but the Chu army has not yet crossed the Hong River. Ziyu, who served as Sima, said to Song Xianggong: "The enemy has many people and we have few. Before they all cross the river, please give the order to attack them." Song Xianggong said: "No." Chu's army has already After they had all crossed the Hongshui and before they were ready, Ziyu suggested to Song Xianggong to order an attack. Song Xianggong still replied: "No." After the Chu army set up their formation, the Song army attacked the Chu army, but the Song army was defeated. Song Xianggong was injured in the thigh, and his guard was also killed.

People in the Song Dynasty blamed Song Xianggong. Song Xianggong said: "In battle, a moral person will not kill the enemy as long as he is wounded, nor will he capture the gray-haired enemy. In ancient times, commanding battles did not rely on the terrain. Although I am already dead. The descendants of the Shang Dynasty did not attack the enemy who was not well prepared."

Ziyu said: "You do not understand the principles of fighting. That is because the powerful enemy is not well prepared. Heavenly Father, help us. Isn’t it okay to attack the enemy when they are trapped in the terrain? We are afraid that we will not be able to win! Even those who are very old are our enemies. If you can catch him, you should capture him. What is there to pity for a gray-haired man? Let the soldiers understand what shame is to inspire fighting spirit and fight bravely in order to destroy the enemy.

The enemy is injured but not dead yet, why can't we kill them again? Not having the heart to kill or injure them means that you have not killed or injured them; having pity on the old enemy means giving in to the enemy. The army relies on favorable fighter opportunities to fight, and the sound of golden drums is used to boost momentum and boost morale. Since the army must seize favorable opportunities in combat, it can be used when the enemy is in trouble. Since the momentum is strong and the fighting spirit of the soldiers is fully inspired, it is of course possible to attack the enemy who is not in line. ”

46. Cut off and kneel down to remonstrate

Qi Jinggong once let his hair down, rode in a six-horse chariot, and drove the palace maids out of the palace gate. When the gatekeeper saw this, he struck Jinggong's horse, then turned around and said, "You are not my king!" Jinggong was so ashamed that he refused to go to court. Yanzi saw Yi Ao and asked, "Why doesn't the king come to court?" "Yi Ao said: "The king wore his hair loose, rode six horses, and was carrying a woman out of the palace gate. When he met Qiu kneeling, Qiu knelt and beat the king's horse. He turned around and said, "You are not my king." The king returned in shame. , no longer come out, so he will not go to court. "Yanzi entered the palace to pay homage to Jinggong. Jinggong said: "A few days ago, I did something wrong. I rode six horses out of the palace gate with my hair disheveled. I cut off my horse and knelt down to beat it. Then I turned around and said, 'You are not my king.' I have been rewarded by the great officials of the world, and I have to be the king of the people of Qi, and protect the ancestral temple and the country. Now I am beheaded and kneeled down and scolded, humiliating the country. Can I still be among the princes? Yanzi replied: "My lord, don't worry." I have heard that if my ministers do not speak out loud (and speak out and dare to remonstrate), then there will be no worthy monarch; if the people do not dare to speak, then the monarch must be arrogant. In ancient times, only when the emperor was wise could his subordinates dare to speak out and give advice; when the emperor was kind, the people would not shy away from taboos and dare to speak out. Now that the king has done something wrong, he kneels down and speaks out and dares to remonstrate. This is the king's blessing, so the ministers come to celebrate. Please reward the king for doing good deeds and kneel down, and treat him with courtesy because he is admonished. Qi Jinggong relieved the knot in his heart and said with a smile, "Can you do this?" "Yanzi said: "Okay. " So he ordered a double reward to be cut off and kneeled down. At that time, the government and the people were safe.

47. Fan Li refused to make peace

After returning, the envoy of the State of Wu (Wang Sunxiong) came to sue for peace. The king of Yue wanted to agree to Wu's request for peace. Fan Li admonished the king of Yue and said: "(In the past years), who made us (worry about state affairs) morning and night? Isn't it the state of Wu? Is it possible to spend ten years planning and lose all the efforts in one night? The king should not agree (to the state of Wu) for the time being, as the destruction of Wu will be easy to hope for. The King of Yue said: "I plan not to agree (to Wu), but it is difficult to answer Wu's envoy. Go and answer him!" Fan Li held the drum in his left hand and the drumstick in his right hand to receive Wu's envoy, and said: "In the past, God sent disasters to the Yue Kingdom and allowed Wu to rule, but Wu did not accept it." Now (we) want to reverse this approach and change your past undying misfortunes. Do our kings dare not obey the orders of God, but only the orders of King Wu? Wang Sunxiong said: "Mr. Fan, our ancestors said: 'Those who are helpless will be tortured by God, and those who help God will be tortured are unlucky.' ’ Now that the crabs in Wu State have eaten the rice and no seeds are left, you still want to help God increase disasters for us. Don’t you think that is unlucky? Fan Li said: "Mr. Wang Sun, our earliest ancestor was originally an unqualified viscount of the Zhou royal family. We (the Yue people) used to live close to the east coast. The Yue people could only live with aquatic animals such as fish and turtles." Together, aquatic animals like shrimps and frogs live on small islands near the water. I feel ashamed that my face took on the shape of a human being. In fact, I am just like an animal. How can I understand your clever words? Wang Sunxiong said: "Mr. Fan, if you want to help Heaven do bad things, it must be unlucky." I asked to meet the King of Yue (to report to him the opinions of the King of Wu). "Fan Li said: "(Our) king has given this matter to me, the clerk, with full authority to handle it. You'd better go back and don't let the people doing the work offend you. "The envoy (Wang Sunxiong) returned to Wu (restored his life). Fan Li did not report to the King of Yue. He beat the drum and sent troops to follow the envoy and occupied the Gusu Palace. There were no casualties among the Yue soldiers and civilians, and the Wu state was destroyed.

48. Bao Zi also knows me

Guan Zhong was a man of Yingshang and often dated Bao Zi when he was young. Bao Zi knew that he was very capable and often cheated on Bao Zi, but Bao Zi always behaved well. Treat him without saying anything (blaming). Soon, Bao Zi served the prince Xiaobai of Qi, and Guan Zhong served the prince Jiu. When Xiaobai ascended to the position of prince Huan of Qi, the prince Jiu died. Bao Zi was also imprisoned and recommended Guan Zhong.

After Guan Zhong was appointed, he took charge of political affairs in Qi State, and Qi Huangong became hegemonic. He gathered the princes nine times and rectified the world. This was all Guan Zhong's strategy. Guan Zhong said: "When I was poor at first, I used to do business with Bao Zi. When I distributed the profits, most of them were given to myself. Bao Zi did not think I was greedy and knew that I was poor. I once worked for Bao Zi, but everyone Even more poor, Baozi doesn't think I'm stupid, he knows that bad times often happen to me. I have been an official three times and was expelled by the king. Baozi doesn't think that I can't do it, because he knows that I don't have good opportunities. I fought three times and ran away three times. Bao Zi didn't think I was timid. He knew I had an old mother (to support). Master Jiu failed and Zhao Hu died for him. I was imprisoned and humiliated (but I didn't commit suicide). Bao Zi didn't think. I am shameless, knowing that I am not ashamed of my trivial details, but I am ashamed of not being able to show my reputation to the world. It is really my parents who gave birth to me, and it is Bao Zi who understands me." After Bao Zi recommended Guan Zhong, he placed himself under Guan Zhong. . His descendants have enjoyed salaries in the Qi State for generations. There are more than ten generations of descendants who have had fiefdoms, and their descendants often become famous officials. People in the world did not praise Guan Zhong for his ability, but praised Bao Zi for his ability to understand people.

49. You Shi teaches Li Ji

The artist named You Shi of Jin Xiangong had an affair with Li Ji. Li Ji asked him: "I want to dethrone the crown prince, how about attacking the three young masters?" Youshi replied: "Handle this matter early so that they know the final result of the matter. Once people know the final outcome of the matter, As a result, there is rarely a careless heart, and even if there is a careless heart, it is easy to cause harm." Li Ji said: "I want to start an attack, who should I start with?" You Shi replied: "It must be Shen Sheng. Start. Shen Sheng is cautious, shrewd and self-sufficient, and cannot bear humiliation. He is also old and stable, and he cannot bear to harm others. A shrewd and self-sufficient person can be easily insulted, and a stable person cannot bear to find fault with him when he gets excited. If you want to harm others, you must endure the humiliation. It is feasible to insult him. " Li Ji said: "I'm afraid it's difficult for a steady person to be shaken, right?" You Shi replied: "Those who know how to insult can be insulted. You can shake his stability (by) insulting him. If he doesn't know how to insult, he must not know how to stick to the rules. Now you have the king's heart inside and you are favored outside. Besides, there are no good or bad kings who don't believe you. Yes, if you show respect for Shen Sheng on the surface, but secretly humiliate him and slander him, it will not fail to change his stability. Besides, I heard that a very smart and self-contained person must be stupid, and a smart and self-contained person is stupid. He who is easily insulted is ignorant and does not know how to avoid disaster. Even if he wants to be unswerving, is it possible?" So Li Ji first cast slander from Shen Sheng.

50． Tian Zan admonished King Jing

Tian Zan went to see King Jing wearing very shabby clothes. King Jing asked, "Why are your clothes so shabby, sir?" Tian Zan replied, "There are clothes that are more shabby than this." King Jing said, "Can you tell me?" Tian Zan said, "The armor is worse than this one." King Jing said, "How can I say this?" Tian Zan replied, "It's very cold when you wear it in winter, and very hot when you wear it in summer. There is no worse clothing than armor. I, Tian Zan, also You are very poor, so your clothes are shabby. Now you, the king, are the master of a country. No one can match your wealth. However, you like to give armor to the people (meaning war). I don't agree with this. Maybe this is for the sake of peace. Is it a matter of benevolence and righteousness? Wearing armor is actually a matter of fighting. Cutting off other people's necks, dissecting other people's stomachs, destroying other people's cities, and killing other people's fathers and sons are very dishonorable. Is it practical?

If you consider harming others, others will also consider harming you; if you consider harming others, others will also consider harming you. In fact, this is very uneasy. I think the king should not take this approach." King Jing had nothing to answer. Although Tian Zan's anti-war ideas were not widely implemented, it can be said that he was very able to explain his ideas!