Zhang Jihe Han Yu

Zhang Ji (about 767 ~ 830) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Wenchang, originally from Suzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu), moved to Wujiang (now Wujiang Town, Anhui). The world calls it "Zhang Shuibu" and "Zhang". Zhang Ji's Yuefu Poems are as famous as Wang Jian's Yuefu Poems, also known as "Zhang Wang Yuefu". Famous poems include Song of Xia Sai, Complaining for Women, Song of Picking Lotus and Song of Jiangnan. Zhang Ji was a famous poet in the middle and late Tang Dynasty. He is an old friend of Wang Jianwei and studied poetry in Weizhou together. Later, he returned to Hezhou. Meng Jiao, a famous poet, returned to Hezhou and visited his home, which shows that he was already very famous at that time.

Zhang Ji later met Han Yu, the first aristocrat in his life, when he was still very young. With the strong recommendation of Meng Jiao, Han Yu became interested in Zhang Ji.

After reading some poems written by Zhang Ji, Han Yu praised his talent. Most importantly, Han Yu was the examiner of Bianzhou Jinshi at that time, and with the strong recommendation of Han Yu, Zhang Jisheng rose to the top of the world and became a scholar in Chang 'an.

After that, he was transferred to Taichang Temple to pray. Here, he met Bai Juyi, the second nobleman in life. Because Bai Juyi has become famous all over the world.

They got to know each other and soon became good friends. Bai Juyi commented on Zhang Jihe's own poems. The two poets wrote poems to guide each other and learn from each other, and soon became good friends. Under the influence of Bai Juyi, great changes have taken place in Zhang Ji's poems.

Second, famous poems

"Ode to my daughter, send a letter to Li and Dongping."

You know I have a husband and you want to give me a pair of pearls. I thank you for your love and pin the pearl on my red shirt. My home is connected with the imperial garden, and my husband is on duty in the palace with a halberd. Although I know you are sincere to Lang Lang, I have vowed to share my life and death with my husband. Return your double beads, my eyes are full of tears, and I regret not meeting you before I got married.

Zhang Ji likes to send seemingly ordinary things, from ancient women to tourists to virtuous women. Among them, the last two poems in "Female Fu Sending Li Dongping as a Teacher" have also become famous sentences throughout the ages: "I have never met your regret before I got married." He vividly portrayed a woman who regards chastity as her life in relaxed and freehand language, in which "I regret not meeting you." Of course, it also vividly wrote the sadness of ancient women. Once you lose your virginity, you can only show your will by dying, and it also vividly writes the cruel oppression of the feudal system on ancient women. In that feudal society where men are superior to women, women can only be playthings and victims of men's reproduction!

Third, the writing background of Showing Eighteen Members of Zhang Shui Department in Early Spring.

The early spring of 823 was the first early spring when Han Yu was promoted from assistant minister of the Ministry of War to assistant minister of the official department. At the age of 56, he had just made great contributions and his official position had been promoted. His inner joy is no less than being admitted to Jinshi after failing the exam for three consecutive years.

In order to express his inner joy, he specially invited his student and friend Zhang Ji to have a spring outing outside Chang 'an. Zhang Ji was then the foreign minister of the Ministry of Water Resources, and Han Yu contributed a lot to this. However, in the face of the teacher's invitation, Zhang Ji refused on the grounds of busy business. Of course, Han Yu was not angry at his refusal, but he was still a little unhappy. Therefore, he wrote two four-line poems to tease and seduce Zhang Ji, one of which became a famous four-line poem and was selected as a Chinese textbook.

In early spring, Zhang and other 18 members of the Ministry of Water Affairs were present.

one

There is a lot of silk in the sky above the avenue, which is as delicate and moist as butter. The grass is vaguely connected in the distance, but it looks sparse in the near future.

This is the most beautiful season of the year, far better than the late spring of the green willow.

Secondly,

Mo Daoguan is busy being the boss, but no one is young.

As you first came to Jiangtou, the willow color is not deep.

Among these two "Seven Wonders", the most famous one is the first one, which was selected as a primary school Chinese textbook. This poem is a pure landscape poem, describing the scenery of Chang 'an in early spring. It can be said that as soon as this poem came out, there was no poem about Chang 'an in early spring. The phrase "the rain in the sky is as slippery as crisp" vividly shows the warmth of the drizzle in early spring, while "the grass is far away but not near" is even more vivid. Han Yu's four unique skills are vividly displayed in this poem.

But when the first poem and the second poem are put together, and the story of Han Yu and Zhang Ji is added, the meaning of this poem is completely changed.

The background of these two poems is that Han Yu was promoted, and then Zhang Ji was invited for a spring outing, but Zhang Ji didn't come, so he wrote these two poems. In other words, these two poems were born entirely because Zhang Ji was not invited, which can be seen in the second poem. When Zhang Ji shirked his official duties, Han Yu said: Don't say that official duties are busy. When you get older, you won't have the mood of chasing spring when you are young. I don't believe you can go to Jiangtou to see if the willow color is black.

From the second poem, we can completely read the meaning of irony. If you add Han Yu's age, which is 56 years old and close to the flower, you can read a feeling of childlike innocence. When you connect with the first song, you can fully understand why Han Yu wrote the early spring in Chang 'an so beautifully, just to make Zhang Ji envy, as if to say-look at how beautiful this spring is, the light rain is crisp and crisp, and you can see the grass from a distance, but you can't see it when you look closely, so the scenery is much more beautiful than when the city is full of smoke and willows in June. What I didn't say was: Zhang Ji, if you don't read it, you will lose.

The second song, with a change of tone, completely turned into a kind of advice from an experienced person to the younger generation, that is, I don't want Zhang Ji to lose his mind as a teenager because he was too busy with official duties. Han Yu and Zhang Ji are teachers. In the fourteenth year of Zhenyuan, Han Yu failed in the imperial examination for three times, and became an envoy of Xuanwu, an observer of Xuanwu, and met Zhang Ji. Speaking of age, they are still Zhang Ji, two years older than Hanyu, but they can't hold back Hanyu's early debut. His literary talent is good! Although Han Yu failed in three subjects, he studied at the age of five and wrote articles at the age of thirteen, which Zhang Ji can't compare with.

Therefore, although Zhang Ji is old, he is still a student of Han Yu. In the fourteenth year of Zhenyuan, the two met for the first time. Soon after, they started their own careers, and Han Yu took Zhang Ji as an opportunity. The relationship between them is getting better and better. In 82 1 year, Ying Han was promoted to assistant minister of the Ministry of War in the second year of the decline of Buddha bones. On the one hand, Han Yu has just been promoted, and on the other hand, he recommended Zhang Ji as Dr. Guo Zi. It was Han Yu's recommendation that made Zhang Ji quickly promoted to Yuanwailang of the Ministry of Water Resources.

In the year when Zhang Ji was recommended, there was a rebellion in Zhou Zhen, so Han Yu, assistant minister of the Ministry of War, was sent to tell the world. This trip was a narrow escape. Even the emperor was worried about Han Yu's safety, so he told Han Yu not to contact the rebels directly. Now he is looking at the form outside, but Han Xin thinks he is loyal to the monarch and goes directly to see the rebels. Fortunately, the rebels didn't really want to rebel, so they accepted Zhao 'an. Han Yu, who left once before the ghost died, became more and more open-minded. Coupled with several failed imperial examinations and two relegations, Han Yu's mood changed greatly in 823, and he had a feeling of seeing through everything and getting the true god. Therefore, when Zhang Ji was invited to go for a spring outing and Zhang Ji didn't come, writing these two poems, especially the first one, has reached the realm of no self, and has made Chang 'an's early spring poetry picturesque and become a masterpiece.