What is extreme weather?

Extreme weather and climate events are rare meteorological events in a certain area in a certain period of time, and their occurrence probability is usually less than 5% or 10%. Extreme weather and climate events can generally be divided into extreme high temperature, extreme low temperature, extreme drought, extreme precipitation, etc., which are generally characterized by low probability of occurrence and great social impact.

Meteorological reasons

According to the principle of meteorology, global warming makes the surface temperature rise, which leads to the increase of water surface evaporation and the acceleration of water circulation, which will enhance the storm energy and complete more precipitation in a shorter time, which may increase the frequency of heavy rain, extreme precipitation events and local floods. Strong convective weather such as tornadoes, strong thunderstorms, strong winds and hail will also increase in some areas; In addition, due to the accelerated evaporation of plants, soil, lakes and reservoirs, the increase in water consumption and the rising temperature, some areas will suffer more frequent, more lasting or more serious droughts; The increase of atmospheric humidity may also increase the intensity and frequency of snowstorms in some cold areas.

preventive measure

There are three keys to effective disaster prevention: it is a prerequisite to make an accurate forecast of meteorological disasters; Second, how to effectively release this information to the people; The third point is how to make these people improve their level of prevention. In recent years, we have done a lot of work in disaster prediction, and our prediction ability has been improved. For many years, the meteorological department has been trying its best to forecast meteorological disasters to the public, including real-time subtitles and weather forecast of TV stations; We can also interact with many local departments through radio, internet and telephone, that is, how to send disaster information to the people in the first time. After typhoon "Weipa" came, we released more than 80 million SMS warning messages in the southeast coastal areas. This has played a key role for ordinary people to know the trend, development and influence of super typhoon "Weipa" in real time. Another point is how ordinary people know how to prevent, take some measures to prevent disasters, and take some measures to save themselves and each other after receiving this information. Therefore, we are now strengthening the publicity of disaster prevention and mitigation knowledge, and widely publicizing the knowledge of disaster prevention and mitigation through radio and television, printed brochures and videos, so that the basic knowledge of disaster prevention and mitigation can reach rural areas, schools, communities and enterprises, and more people can understand the basic knowledge of disaster prevention and mitigation. If these three aspects can be achieved, the casualties caused by our meteorological disasters will be greatly reduced, which is an accurate forecast; Timely release disaster warning and forecasting information; Ordinary people have basic knowledge of disaster prevention and reduction.