Broadcast draft of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction knowledge

Three radio articles on earthquake prevention and disaster reduction knowledge

Some students exercise at the school radio station. We usually prepare the broadcast draft in advance before the broadcast. Good draft will bring better program effect, so what kind of draft is good? The following is the broadcast draft of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction knowledge I compiled for you. Welcome to read the collection.

Broadcast draft of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction knowledge 1A: teachers! Dear friends!

H: Good afternoon, everyone!

A: Today is X, X, and today is Monday. The mini-broadcast of the Voice of the Atmosphere begins now.

B: the theme of this program: knowledge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction,

B: China has a vast territory and is often attacked by various natural disasters. The main natural disasters affecting our country are earthquakes, floods, typhoons, tropical cyclones and hail. Today, we are here to introduce some tips on disaster prevention and self-help.

A: Common sense of disaster prevention and simple self-help during a major earthquake.

Self-help means that the buried personnel make use of their own environment as much as possible, create conditions to eliminate dangerous situations in time, save lives and wait for rescue.

If you are buried under the ruins during the earthquake, it is dark around and there is only a small space. You must not panic, calm down, build up your confidence in survival, believe that someone will come to save you, do everything possible to protect yourself, and actively take measures to strive for your own survival.

After an earthquake, there are often many aftershocks, and the situation may continue to deteriorate. In order to avoid new injuries, we should overcome our fears, strengthen our belief in survival, settle down, strive to improve the environment and try to escape. At this time, if the shockproof bag is around you, it will play a great role in getting out of danger. If you can't escape at the moment, don't act reluctantly, you should do:

(1) Have a firm will to survive, eliminate fear and believe that you can get out of danger.

(2) When you can't get out of danger, you should try to free your hands and feet, eliminate the objects pressing on your body, cover your nose and mouth as soon as possible to prevent the smoke from choking and wait for help.

(3) Keep a clear head, don't shout for help, and contact with the outside world with tools such as stones or iron to save physical strength and prolong life.

(4) Try to support heavy objects that may fall. If you can't help yourself, try to reduce your physical exertion and wait for help.

B: Emergency self-rescue measures in case of fire.

Life is the most precious thing. If there is a fire, you must first know how to escape and save yourself. It is often not the disaster itself that causes casualties in fires, but because people lack common sense of self-help and miss the opportunity to escape.

First, stay calm for five seconds.

Second, smoke and gas prevention is the first element of fire escape.

Third, it is safest to evacuate to the ground.

When a fire breaks out, you shouldn't try to put it out. You should choose a feasible escape route as soon as possible, such as doors, windows, corridors, stairs, fire exits and so on. Before opening the doors and windows, be sure to feel whether the doors and windows are hot or not. If they are hot, you can't open them. You should choose another exit. If it's not hot, you can only open it a little carefully and pass it quickly, and then close it immediately.

When your familiar passage is blocked by fireworks, you should first evacuate away from the fireworks and try to avoid going upstairs. At the same time, once you reach a safer place, never stay where you are. You should take prompt measures to evacuate from under the fire floor. Of course, it is best to reach the ground.

Fourth, choose the best way to save yourself.

Self-help is an evacuation behavior to avoid being hurt at the scene of a fire. In case of fire, you can choose to use the descent control device, self-rescue rope, evacuation facilities of the building itself and natural conditions to save yourself. The victim should choose the best way to save himself according to the environment and conditions at that time.

Fifth, wait for the rescue of the fire brigade.

B: That's the end of today's little red scarf broadcast. See you next time!

Radio draft of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction knowledge 2 Dear teachers and students,

Hello everyone! The content of my speech for you today is the knowledge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction.

Earthquake is a huge natural disaster that instantly destroys human civilization. Its occurrence is independent of human will. At present, the level of earthquake prediction can not accurately tell the time, place and magnitude of the earthquake. However, after decades of exploration, we have a way to reduce the losses caused by earthquakes, which is "earthquake prevention and disaster reduction". In order to improve the awareness of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction of teachers and students in the whole school, master the skills of self-help and mutual rescue, and reduce the loss of earthquake disasters. The common sense of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction is introduced as follows:

1. Animal abnormality: There are generally three kinds of abnormal animal behaviors: abnormal excitement, such as panic, failure to enter the circle, barking, madness, panic and flight, and group activities. Inhibitory abnormalities, such as slow action, or being in a daze, at a loss, refusing to eat, etc. Changes in living habits, such as hibernating snakes coming out of holes, rats not afraid of people during the day, frogs coming ashore in large numbers.

2. Ground sound and ground light: Ground sound mostly appears before or during the impending earthquake, but it also appears several hours or even days before the earthquake; This kind of sound is similar to the roar of machines, thunder, the whistle of the wind, the friction of stones and so on. Ground light: it usually appears before or during an earthquake, and may also appear a few hours or earlier before the earthquake; Different shapes, such as strip lamp, sheet lamp, spherical lamp, fire lamp, column lamp, etc. The colors are mostly red, white, purple and orange.

Third, what should I do if the earthquake comes? Seize the opportunity and use the early warning time for emergency shock absorption. Although the earthquake happened suddenly, some related phenomena that people can feel can still appear before the earth shakes strongly. According to statistics, the early warning time can reach more than ten seconds, a few can reach more than 20 seconds, accounting for 83% within 20 seconds, and the average early warning time is 13.6 seconds. When an earthquake happens, people will have hope if they can seize the opportunity of early warning.

1. Key points of emergency shock absorption in different environments: If you live in a building, you can't stay in bed or stand in the middle of the room during the earthquake. Because these are the most exposed and unsafe places in the body. You should immediately hide under a solid table or bed; Low, sturdy furniture edges; Open a room with filial piety and support, such as a bathroom; Corner of inner load-bearing wall. Never jump off a building, don't go to The Upper Terrace, don't go to the outer wall, don't go to the window, don't go up the stairs and don't take the elevator. If you live in a bungalow, you should immediately hide under the kang during the earthquake; A sturdy table or bed; The low, firm edges of furniture. Don't hide under the beam or by the window; Don't go near the unstable wall; Don't break the window and run away, lest you be hurt or fall down by the glass. If you are in school, you should hold your head and close your eyes under the teacher's command and hide under the desk. Don't panic during the earthquake, and flee in a crowded way. After the earthquake, the teacher will lead the organized evacuation. If the classroom is a building, you must remember not to jump off the building or rush to the stairs. When you are in the playground or outdoors, if you are in an open place, you can stay still, squat down and cover your head with your hands; Pay attention to avoid tall buildings or dangerous objects; Never go back to the classroom; Don't run around, don't crowd, wait until after the earthquake, and follow the teacher's instructions.

2. If you are in a theater, gymnasium, etc. Squatting under the row of chairs and protecting your head with a schoolbag. Avoid hanging chandeliers, electric fans and other items. After the earthquake, listen to the waiter's command and evacuate in an organized way. Shops, bookstores, exhibition halls, etc. , should choose solid counters, goods (such as low furniture, etc. ) or pillars, and squat down in the inner corner, and protect your head with your hands or other things; Avoid glass doors and windows, windows and glass counters; Avoid placing heavy objects and fragile items on tall and unstable shelves; Avoid hanging chandeliers and billboards.

3. If you are outdoors, pay attention to avoid tall buildings and structures. For example, buildings, especially those with glass curtain walls, tall chimneys, water towers, etc. Pay attention to avoid dangerous objects, towering or hanging objects, transformers, telephone poles, billboards and so on. Pay attention to avoid other dangerous places, dilapidated houses, narrow streets, walls, etc.

4. If you are in the wild, you should leave dangerous places such as hillsides and watersides quickly, and choose an open and stable place for local shock absorption; Squat or get down to prevent falling; Turn your back to the wind and avoid inhaling toxic gases. Avoid rivers and lakes in case the river bank collapses and falls into the water. Avoid steep slopes, cliffs, transformers, high-voltage lines and factories or warehouses that produce dangerous goods to prevent injuries in case of accidents. After the earthquake, if you are buried and can't escape by yourself, you must hold your horses. First try to take your hand out of the buried object to protect yourself from new injuries. After the earthquake, aftershocks will continue to occur, and your environment may deteriorate further. At this time, you should keep breathing smoothly, try to remove impurities from your face and chest, and remove dust near your nose and mouth. Try to avoid unstable collapses, hanging objects or other dangerous goods above your body. If you can't get out of danger for the time being, you should save your strength, don't cry loudly, act reluctantly, close your eyes and rest as much as possible to maintain your life. At the same time, contact the outside world. When you hear the sound, beat the iron pipe and the wall with stones to send out a distress signal and wait patiently for rescue.

Dear teachers and students, as long as we master the above knowledge, victory will always belong to us in the face of disaster!

Broadcast draft of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction knowledge 3 1, basic knowledge of earthquake

Earthquake: a natural phenomenon that the earth's internal movement causes the surface to vibrate. Like wind, rain, lightning and volcanic eruption, it is a natural phenomenon that often happens on the earth. Due to the constant movement and change of the deep materials in the earth and the crustal movement, huge energy is gradually accumulated. When some fragile areas of the earth's crust can't bear such huge energy, the rock stratum will suddenly break locally or move along the original fault, and an earthquake will occur.

Schematic diagram of the earth's internal structure

Seismic schematic diagram

Source: the birthplace of vibration when the earth is in an earthquake. Usually, it refers to the place where the underground rocks first start to rupture and move and excite seismic waves when an earthquake occurs.

Magnitude: The classification of earthquake magnitude is related to the energy released by the earthquake. Earthquakes have only one magnitude.

Intensity: the intensity of the ground and various buildings in a certain area affected by the earthquake. An earthquake will produce different intensities in different areas.

Epicenter: the vertical projection point of the source on the ground, that is, the source is directly opposite to the ground.

Extreme earthquake zone: the area most damaged or affected by the earthquake. The geometric center of the polar seismic belt is called the macro epicenter.

Main earthquake: the earthquake with the largest magnitude in the earthquake sequence.

Aftershock: all earthquakes that occurred after the main shock in the earthquake sequence.

2. Identification of earthquake rumors

Earthquake rumors generally have the following characteristics:

(1) earthquake information transmitted by non-government;

(2) Predictive opinions called experts or foreigners;

(3) information with feudal superstitions or bizarre legends;

(4) The magnitude of the "prediction" is very large or accurate, and the time and place of the "prediction" earthquake are very specific.

At present, China implements a unified government release system for earthquake prediction. Don't believe or spread earthquake rumors, and report them in time if you find them.

3. How to avoid shock at school?

In class at school, you should hold your head quickly or cover your head with a schoolbag under the teacher's command and hide in front of the desk. Try to curl up and lower your center of gravity. Stay as far away from external walls and glass windows as possible, and avoid hanging objects from the ceiling, such as chandeliers. The corner of the inner wall can also be temporarily avoided. Students in the upstairs classroom are not allowed to jump off the building. After the earthquake, evacuate to the outdoor quickly and organized.

When you are in the playground or outdoors, you can squat down in place, protect your head with your hands, and pay attention to avoiding tall buildings or dangerous objects. Don't go back to the classroom

Self-rescue and mutual rescue in earthquake.

1, don't panic when the earthquake comes.

(1) Calm response to earthquakes is good, but panic is harmful.

When an earthquake happens, you should take immediate action to prevent shock, but you must not panic or act blindly, otherwise it will cause unnecessary losses. Many examples fully show that calmly dealing with earthquakes is effective and panic is harmful. Everyone must be mentally prepared and don't panic in the face of the earthquake.

② Use early warning time for emergency shock absorption.

2. Earthquake early warning phenomenon

When a strong earthquake occurs, there is still opportunity and hope for life in the terrible moment, which is the confidence given to us by many survivors. The facts of Tangshan and other earthquakes show that although the occurrence of major earthquakes is sudden, there will be some phenomena that people can perceive before the occurrence of strong earthquakes, and the coming of strong earthquakes can be predicted, which is the so-called earthquake early warning phenomenon. Mainly includes:

(1) The initial vibration of the ground generally feels "shaking";

(2) The sound of the earth is strong and strange. For example, the sound heard is "like a gust of wind", but the treetops and leaves on the ground do not move;

(3) The ground is bright and scary. For example, some people describe it as "bright as day, but the trees have no shadow".

3. Early warning time of major earthquakes

From the earthquake to the destruction of houses, although the time is short, it can be roughly divided into three stages:

(1) The ground bumps (bumps first), usually accompanied by sound, light and other phenomena, that is, there is an early warning phenomenon;

(2) The ground shakes violently (shaking backwards);

(3) The house collapsed.

In other words, there is a certain time difference from the ground to the collapse of the house. The time difference from the discovery of early warning phenomenon to the collapse of houses is called the early warning time of major earthquakes. According to the investigation and calculation after the Tangshan earthquake, statistics are based on 177 cases that can predict the early warning time. Among them, the early warning time provided by most people awakened by the earthquake is only a few seconds, while the early warning time provided by those awake during the earthquake can reach more than ten seconds, and a few can reach more than 20 seconds. It is roughly estimated that the early warning time of Tangshan earthquake is about 10 ~ 20 seconds.

4. The existence of indoor earthquake-proof space

Because the early warning time is short after all, indoor shock absorption is more real. The triangular space formed after the collapse of indoor houses is often a relatively safe place for people to live, which can be called earthquake-proof space. This mainly refers to the space formed by large collapsed bodies and supports.

Indoor triangular space is easy to form:

(1) Under the edge of the kang, close to solid furniture;

(2) Root and corner of inner wall;

(3) Kitchen, bathroom, storage room and other small places.

The most unfavorable places for indoor shock absorption are:

(1) There is no support near the bed and kang;

(2) On the floor without support around.

5. Why do people in the epicenter feel "first shocked"?

The ground vibration caused by seismic waves is the result of the interaction of several waves, but as far as human feeling is concerned, it is mainly divided into two forms: up-and-down vibration and horizontal vibration.

Near the epicenter of a strong earthquake, the initial shaking is caused by the first arrival of longitudinal waves; A few seconds later, the shear wave came, causing more intense ground movement, so people felt as intense as standing on the deck of a ship in the wind and waves, standing unsteadily and even falling to the ground. This is why people in the epicenter feel "shaken first".

6. How to roughly judge the distance and intensity of an earthquake?

During the earthquake, people in the central area felt that they first shook and then swayed. With the increase of epicentral distance, the time difference between shaking and rocking will gradually become longer, and the intensity of shaking and rocking will gradually weaken. Outside a certain range, people don't feel shaking, just feel shaking.

Therefore, if you feel the shaking is very light during the earthquake, or you don't feel the shaking, but only feel the shaking, it means that the earthquake is far away from you; The bumps and shakes are not too strong.

At that time, it showed that the earthquake was not very big. In both cases, you don't have to panic, just hide indoors in a place that is conducive to shock absorption. If you run out at this time, you may be hurt by some flying tiles.

7. What injuries may people suffer during an earthquake?

Direct damage of (1) earthquake

A was injured indoors due to the dumping of utensils or the collapse of houses;

B was injured by a collapsed building outdoors;

C was injured by a rolling stone in the wild mountain;

D was burned by the ground light.

(2) The indirect damage of the earthquake.

Fire caused by earthquake;

Floods caused by earthquakes;

Toxic gas leakage caused by earthquake;

Dangerous goods explosion caused by earthquake.

8, the principle of shock absorption-three to three don't

First of all, we should adapt to local conditions, not stand still. During the earthquake, everyone's situation is very different, and the way of damping can't be the same. For example, whether to go outdoors or indoors for shock absorption depends on objective conditions: whether to live in a bungalow or a building, whether the earthquake is day or night, whether the house is strong, whether there is room for shock absorption indoors, whether it is safe outdoors and so on.

Second, we must act decisively and don't hesitate. Whether the shock absorber can succeed is only a matter of time, and it is impossible to hesitate. Some people have run out of the dangerous house and come back to save people. As a result, they were not saved and buried. It is right to think of others, but only by saving yourself can you save others.

Obey orders in public places and don't act without authorization. I have already mentioned an example in this regard: acting without authorization and blindly absorbing earthquakes can only lead to greater misfortune.

9. Did you run or hide during the earthquake?

At present, most experts generally believe that it is a better way to evacuate to a safe place quickly after an earthquake. This is because the earthquake warning time is very short, people often can't act independently, and it is very difficult to run out of the room because of the deformation of doors and windows. If you are in a building, it is almost impossible to get out. However, if the early warning phenomenon is found in the bungalow and the outdoor is relatively empty, you can try to run out of the shock absorber.

10, where are you hiding for shock absorption?

(1) The room is solid, difficult to topple, and can cover the body of the object or close to the object, small studio and supported place;

(2) Away from buildings outdoors, in an empty and safe place.

1 1. What posture should be taken for shock absorption?

(1) Get down, keep your body center of gravity to a minimum, face down, and don't press your nose and mouth to facilitate breathing;

2 squat or sit down and curl up as much as possible;

(3) Grasp the solid objects around you to prevent you from falling or being injured due to body displacement and contact with solid objects.

12, how to protect important parts of the body?

① Protect the head and neck: lower your head and protect your head and back neck with your hands; If possible, put things around you, such as pillows and bedding, on your head;

② Protect your eyes: lower your head and close your eyes to prevent foreign body injury;

③ Protect your nose and mouth: If possible, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel to prevent dust and toxic gases from entering.

13 how to avoid other injuries?

(1) don't light an open flame casually, because there may be flammable and explosive gases in the air;

(2) Avoid crowds and don't crowd around. No matter what occasion, street, apartment, school, shop, entertainment place, etc. Because, not only can you not walk out of danger in the crowd, but you may also be injured by falling, trampling and colliding.

14. How to prevent electric shock in the building where you live?

(1) A safer damping position indoors.

There is a strong one under the table or bed;

B. low, strong furniture edges;

C. open a small room with support, such as a bathroom;

D. corner of inner bearing wall;

E earthquake-proof space prepared before the earthquake.

② Attention should be paid during the earthquake.

A never lie in bed;

B never jump off a building;

C don't go to the balcony;

D don't go to the outer wall or window;

E don't take the stairs;

F don't take the elevator; If you are in the elevator during the earthquake, leave as soon as possible; If the door won't open, lower your head and grab the handrail.

15. How to prevent shock when living in a bungalow?

Run to the outdoor shock absorber as quickly as possible. If the outdoor venue is open and early warning is found, you can run out of the outdoor shock absorber as soon as possible.

16. How to prevent earthquakes in schools?

All actions should follow the teacher's instructions, and students should take care of each other.

A Datong should take care of young and weak students;

Caring and caring for disabled students.

(2) How to reduce vibration in class?

A whether the classroom is a building or a bungalow, students should quickly hide under their desks under the command of the teacher;

Don't panic, crowd and flee. After the earthquake, the evacuation was organized under the leadership of the teacher.

If the classroom is a building, students living in the building are not allowed to do anything at school.

③ How to prevent electric shock in the playground or outdoors?

A If you are in an open place, you can stay where you are, squat down and pay attention to protecting your head;

B pay attention to avoid tall buildings or dangerous objects;

C never go back to the classroom during an earthquake;

D Don't run around, and don't push around. Wait until the earthquake is over, and then listen to the teacher's instructions.

17. How to prevent shock at work?

① Hide under a solid desk or desk as soon as possible, and evacuate quickly and orderly after the earthquake;

(2) The workers who are working should immediately turn off the machine, cut off the power supply and quickly hide in a safe place;

③ Train drivers should take emergency braking measures and brake slowly and gradually;

(4) Special departments (such as power plants, gas plants, nuclear power plants, etc. ) should be in accordance with the provisions of the earthquake emergency plan.

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