What are the rules and judging methods of boxing match?

Boxing is a competitive sport, which is divided into professional competition and amateur competition, among which amateur competition is the official event of the Olympic Games. The following are the boxing rules and judging methods I have compiled for you.

Rules and judging methods of boxing match 1: venues and equipment of boxing match.

1. Boxing venue

Step 2: Hand bandage

3. Boxing gloves

4. Boxing clothes and protective gear

1. Boxing venue

According to the regulations of the International Amateur Boxing Federation (AIBA), the maximum boxing area of international official competitions such as international boxing championships, Olympic boxing matches and World Cup boxing matches shall not exceed 6. 10 square meter. The boxing ring in general competition can be 4.90 m 2 ~ 6. 10 m 2, which can be selected and used within the above range according to the specific situation. The shape and specifications of the boxing ring are shown in.

Set special steps at the neutral corner of the boxing ring for the exclusive use of off-site doctors and referees to avoid any contact between the two sides. The four corners of the platform have columns fixed on the corners of the platform, and three thick ropes are used to enclose a square space between the four columns to protect the athletes. Cushions with a thickness of 5-7 cm and a width of 20 cm are placed at the four corners of the stage, and athletes receive dividends in blue. The red pad on the left side of the arbitration seat should be placed in the red corner, the blue pad on the opposite corner should be placed in the blue corner, and the other two corners should be placed in the white pad, which is the neutral corner. Two small plastic bags should be placed in the neutral corner of the stage for the judges to put used tampons and gauze.

There should be a neutral zone with a width of not less than 3 meters around the boxing ring, which is necessary for the work of the arbitration commission and judges. The neutral zone should be fenced to avoid accidents and affect the normal work of the referee. The arbitration seat is in front of the ring. In front of the arbitration bench is Judge 1, Judge No.2 on the left, Judges No.3 and No.4 on the opposite side, and Judge No.5 on the right. The distance between the judges' seats and the boxing ring is 1 m, and the distance between each judge and the audience is at least 2m.

In an international boxing match or a national boxing match, two boxing rings can be used at the same time because of the large number of participants and large scale. However, it must be noted that the distance between the two boxing rings is quite large and cannot be too close; There should be obvious differences between the voices of the two boxing rings at the beginning and end of the game; The two boxing rings should establish their own arbitration committees to ensure fair and reasonable arbitration.

There are quite strict requirements for the competition conditions during the competition. If the competition is held outdoors, the temperature during the competition shall not be lower than 18℃, and if the competition is held indoors, the indoor temperature shall not be lower than 18℃. If it rains during the outdoor competition, there must be a canopy above the stadium, and the competition cannot be played in the rain. The boxing ring used in the competition must be solid, flat and stable, and there must be no obstacles on the table. There should be 1.5 cm ~ 2.0 cm thick felt or rubber pad on the table with moderate hardness. The canvas on the table top should be straightened and fixed, and attached to the table top, so that athletes can do any technical movements on the table top.

The ropes around the boxing ring should be strong, generally with thick ropes, with a diameter of 3 cm to 5 cm. There are three ropes on each side of the boxing ring, which are pulled out from the fixed vertical rods at the four corners. The heights of the three ropes in the boxing ring are 40 cm, 80 cm and 130 cm respectively. The rope should be wrapped in soft and smooth materials to avoid scratching the athletes. There should be at least 50 cm rope platform outside the ring rope around the boxing ring to ensure that athletes will not fall off the boxing ring. In order to make the rope more stable, the surrounding rope should be fixed up and down with two canvas pieces with tight texture and 3 ~ 4 cm width, and the distance is the same. There can also be four ropes around the boxing ring, and the height of each rope from the table is 40.6 cm, 7 1. 1 cm,10/.6 cm and 132.438+0 cm respectively.

Step 2: Hand bandage

Hand bandages are used to protect athletes' hands. The standard hand bandage in boxing match is 2.5 meters long and 5 centimeters wide. According to the relevant decision of the 10 meeting of the International Amateur Boxing Federation (AIBA), the host countries of European Boxing Championships, World Boxing Championships, World Boxing Championships and Olympic Boxing Competitions should provide bandages for each athlete. Bandages are distributed to boxers at the same time by the glove manager, and new bandages must be distributed in each game. Athletes participating in the competition must use bandages uniformly distributed by the General Assembly. No other bandages or extended bandages are allowed under any pretext. If the bandage comes loose during the competition, the referee on the stage should fasten it, but if it comes loose before any competition, it can be considered as intentional, and then the referee on the stage should punish the athletes. If an athlete does not comply with the regulations on bandage size, or if the athlete uses his own bandage, the glove manager and the referee on the stage have the right to stop it and order it to be replaced within the specified time, otherwise the athlete will be disqualified. Therefore, glove administrators should select experienced people for posts, always adhere to principles and treat them equally.

Hand bandages are generally made of cotton yarn with strong water absorption, not other fabrics. When bandaging the hand bandage, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the wrist can be properly bandaged, and other parts such as the palm and fingers should not be bandaged too tightly, because this will make the fingers lose their moving space and affect the technology.

The use of action. The method and sequence of hand bandage can be carried out in the following order.

3. Boxing gloves

According to the regulations of the International Amateur Boxing Federation, boxers must wear boxing gloves in boxing competitions. In boxing, gloves with different weights are used according to the weight classes, such as gloves with a weight of 48-67kg are 226g, and gloves with a weight of 7 1-9 1 kg are 284g. Moreover, in boxing competition, the organizing committee should prepare two pairs of gloves, a pair of 226 grams and a pair of 284 grams, so as to change the gloves of athletes at any time when there are problems.

When participating in international competitions, the gloves used by athletes must be inspected and approved by the representatives of the International Boxing Federation before they can be used. Gloves used in boxing matches in China must be approved by China Boxing Association, and gloves of both players in a match must be the same model from the same manufacturer. According to the regulations, the hitting surface of gloves should be marked with very clear white, so that when the athletes hit, the referees and referees on the stage can judge whether the athletes hit each other with their fists. Gloves should not be damaged in any way. The strap should be tied on the back of the glove, and the long strap should be tucked into the sleeve. The knots exposed on the back of gloves should be glued with adhesive tape. The length and width of the adhesive tape should not exceed 7.5 cm and 2.5 cm. During the competition, there must be two glove managers to check gloves specially. If there is any doubt about gloves, managers have the responsibility and obligation to check whether athletes' gloves and bandages meet the requirements of the rules.

According to the rules, the referee on the stage should check whether the two players are wearing gloves that meet the rules in each game, and check the hardness of the glove filler to see if the gloves are damaged. If the above problems are found, the athletes should be replaced immediately, and the longest replacement time should not exceed 2 minutes, usually 1 minute. During the competition, the strap on the boxing sleeve is loose, and the referee on the stage should help to fasten it, but if the athlete is found to have untied the strap on purpose, the referee on the stage should immediately warn the athlete.

4. Boxing clothes and protective gear

Boxing clothes include vests, shorts and soft-soled shoes. The vest should be elastic and appropriate, and it should not affect the technical movements. Boxing shorts should be loose and grow up, and the length of the pants must be half of the thigh, and the crotch can not be exposed, which can not affect the game. Boxers must wear soft-soled shoes and tie them tightly. If there is something wrong with the clothes during the competition, the referee on the stage should immediately suspend the competition and give the athletes 1 minute to change clothes, which should not exceed 2 minutes at most. Athletes should prepare spare clothes for replacement.

Boxing protectors include head protectors, teeth protectors and crotch protectors. Athletes must use head protectors when participating in competitions. The specifications and styles of the head protectors of the athletes of both sides should be unified, one side is red and the other side is blue, which should be consistent with their respective roles, and the head protectors used must be unified head protectors approved by the National Boxing Association.

According to the rules, athletes must use protective teeth in the competition, and the size of protective teeth should be appropriate. If the athletes don't bring their own tooth protection, the host is obliged to provide it. Athletes are not allowed to intentionally spit out the mouth guard during the competition, otherwise they will be warned. If the guard is knocked off, the referee on the stage picks it up and takes the boxer to his corner. After the assistant washed, the referee on the stage dressed the athletes. Athletes can't change their teeth at will; You can't play games without tooth protection. Athletes should wear crotch guards. If the crotch guard falls off or is damaged, it should be replaced and put on in time. If it cannot be replaced within 1 min, the athlete can continue to play the whole round without wearing the crotch guard, and then replace the crotch guard at rest. If you can't put on the crotch guard in time during the break, the game can't continue.

In boxing match, once the referee on the stage finds that the athlete is not wearing tooth protectors, crotch protectors or substandard clothes, he should immediately prohibit the athlete from continuing the match, let his assistant tidy up the protective gear and clothes within the specified time, and forbid the assistant to talk with the athlete. If he deliberately procrastinates, he will be warned and punished, and in severe cases he will be disqualified.

Boxing Competition Rules and Referee Method II: Boxing Competition Time

According to the rules of the International Amateur Boxing Federation (AIBA), since 1997, the amateur boxing competition has implemented a five-turn system, with 2 minutes in each round and a break between rounds 1 minute. Professional boxing generally adopts 4- 12 turn-based system, which depends on the negotiation of both brokers. At most, the game reaches 15 rounds; Each round lasts for 3 minutes, with a break between rounds 1 minute.

Common hand injury diseases in boxing

1. Skin abrasions and joint capsule injuries of metacarpophalangeal joints: Athletes wear gloves to hit the opposing athletes after wearing hand bandages, or wear thin sandbag gloves to hit sandbags as part of long-term training. After the fist is clenched, the metacarpophalangeal joint is directly stressed. Due to the reaction of direct friction and hitting, the skin of metacarpophalangeal joint is scratched and broken, and the joint capsule is chronically and repeatedly damaged, especially the third metacarpal bone. This kind of injury will cause local swelling, pain, limited activity, skin ulceration or secondary infection, and repeated injuries will cause local skin keratinization and joint deformation. In order to prevent and reduce this kind of injury, athletes are required to use soft hand bandages and carry out local massage and hyperthermia after training to improve the blood supply and nutrition of the skin; If skin ulceration occurs, the wound should be cleaned and disinfected to avoid re-injury, and it is suggested to change the training content to promote healing.

2. Thumb metacarpophalangeal joint subluxation: When an athlete uses a fist to hit the opponent in training or competition, it is easy to cause thumb metacarpophalangeal joint subluxation due to loose fist grip or irregular hitting action. This kind of injury is characterized by sudden sharp pain, sometimes a crisp click, local swelling or deformation of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb, obvious tenderness and limited movement. X-ray shows that the first metacarpal bone is displaced to the lateral dorsal side, showing subluxation. The principle of treatment is to implement manual reduction and local fixation as soon as possible, requiring the thumb to be extended and fixed outside the stall [5].

3, metacarpal fracture: this kind of injury often occurs in the game, because the punch is fast and powerful, hitting the opponent's hard part. The most common fracture is the third metacarpal fracture or the first metacarpal fracture. Injuries are manifested in athletes' sudden and severe pain in the competition, who dare not punch, and even hear the sound of fractures in the boxing ring. Athletes often signal the referee to stop the game. The on-site medical supervisor sitting on the sidelines should be good at observing every detail of the game. If the athlete suddenly appears to be in pain and dare not punch, he should signal the referee on the stage to stop the game and carefully check the injured hand of the athlete. If there are signs of fracture, he can stop playing and receive further diagnosis and treatment. After the fracture, the injured part is swollen with tenderness and axial tenderness around it. In severe cases, local deformity can be seen or bone friction can be heard. X-ray films often show short oblique metacarpal fractures, and manual reduction and external fixation should be taken as soon as possible. If the reduction is not satisfactory, open reduction and kirschner wire internal fixation can be considered.

The main reasons for the above injuries are: 1. Parts that are easily injured due to anatomical characteristics: In boxing, players hold fists before and after, which are called forehand boxing and backhand boxing respectively (also called main boxing or heavy boxing). Backhand boxing is the main strength of athletes, fierce and powerful, explosive, and bears great reaction after hitting the ball. Therefore, the back of an athlete's hand is often more vulnerable to injury. Because the third metacarpal bone is the longest and protrudes in front of the fist front, no matter what kind of boxing (jab, swing, hook, etc.) ) is used, and the third metacarpal bone is used as the main force to click on the opponent. Therefore, the skin and joint capsule in this part are the most vulnerable to injury and strain, and the third metacarpal bone is prone to fracture.

2. Injuries caused by athletes' irregular movements: The normal boxing action is to clench the fist, bend the thumb to the palm as far as possible, and hit with the fist peak (the colored part before the fist is the fist peak). Because the athlete's own irregular fist-clenching or punching action is a common cause of hand injury. For example, if the fist is not tight and the thumb is not flexed enough, it will result in hitting the ball at the center of the fist or the thumb, which will easily lead to subluxation of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb or fracture of the base of the first metacarpal bone.

3. Hand injury caused by quality problems of competition equipment: At present, qualified gloves recognized by the International Amateur Boxing Federation must be used in boxing competitions. If the quality problems of gloves make the athletes' fists not tight or the thumb flexion is limited, and then hand injuries occur, coaches, athletes, medical supervisors, referees, glove manufacturers and officials of boxing sports management center should pay great attention to them. We should not only supervise the quality of equipment, but also check whether the gloves worn by athletes are standardized to avoid or reduce injuries.

In normal training, athletes' hand injuries should be found in time, diagnosed correctly, treated reasonably and recovered actively. On-site medical supervision should have a high sense of responsibility and keen vision. In case of injury, it is necessary to stop the game in time and check it carefully. In order to protect the health of athletes, we can even interrupt the competition for timely and reasonable diagnosis and treatment. Medical supervision with certain experience and courage is an indispensable link in the healthy development of boxing.

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