How to paint

Paint is a viscous oil pigment, flammable when wet, insoluble in water, slightly soluble in fat, soluble in alcohol, aldehyde, ether, benzene, alkane, easily soluble in gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel.

Construction process

1. Process flow

Processing the base layer - primer sealing paint - sandpaper - oil powder - base layer coloring and repair - full batch of colored putty - Polish - Apply oil color - Apply the first coat of varnish - Repair putty - Color repair - Matte paper - Apply the second coat of varnish - Apply topcoat

2. Operation process

(1) Treat the base layer: Use a scraper or glass piece to scrape away the dust, glue marks, and rust spots on the surface. Be careful not to scrape out burrs. (2) Primer paint: Apply a layer of varnish before painting on panels, lines and other decorative materials. It is required to apply evenly without missing paint. (3) Sanding paper: Polish the polishing layer and polish it along the wood grain. Grind the lines first and then Grind four flat surfaces. (4) Lubricating oil powder: Dip cotton silk into oil powder and rub it repeatedly on the surface of the wood. Rub the oil powder into the brown eyes, then wipe it clean with linen or wood wool. Use bamboo chips to remove the remaining powder on the line corners. After the oil powder is completely dry, use No. 1 sandpaper to lightly sand along the wood grain until it is smooth. Protect edges and corners. (5) Base layer coloring and repair: The base layer coloring of the facing is determined according to the paint color specified in the sample, and is prepared with clear oil, varnish, etc. The oil content should not be too thin, and should be adjusted into a porridge. Use a hemp tip broken into pieces about 20-40cm long and rub it back and forth, including the edges and corners; (6) Full batch of colored putty: the color should be 10-20% lighter than the sample, and the putty should be oily and of suitable size. Use a knife to scrape the putty into nail holes, cracks, etc. When scraping the putty, it should be applied horizontally and vertically. The putty should be scraped away without leaving any loose putty. After the putty is completely dry, use No. 1 sandpaper to lightly sand along the grain until smooth, then wipe off the dust with a damp cloth. (7) Polishing: After the base layer of the facing is colored and the putty is scraped and leveled, use water sandpaper to polish it and clean it with a cloth after polishing. Then use the same color putty to scrape it a second time. The requirements are the same as the first scraping putty. After scraping, use the same color putty to fill the nail holes and missing corners with putty. It is required to scrape the nail holes completely and evenly. After drying, sand the paper to smooth it. Make sure the wood grain is clear and no edges or corners are worn. After polishing, clean it and wipe it with a damp cloth and let it dry. (8) Oil painting: The brushing action should be fast, and the brushing should be along the wood grain. The brushing and oiling should be done briskly, and no joint brush marks should be left. Each brushing surface should be brushed in one go, and no joints should be left. After painting, the color should be consistent and the wood grain should not be covered. The painting procedure is the same as that of lead oil. (9) Apply the first coat of varnish: The brushing method is the same as painting the oil color, and an old brush with a ground edge should be used. After the paint is completely dry, sand it thoroughly with old No. 1 sandpaper. Basically remove the first coat of paint, then wipe it clean with a damp cloth. (10) Repair putty: Use horn putty board, and the putty to be colored must be scraped clean, smooth, without putty scars, and the paint film must not be damaged. (11) Color correction: Combine the black spots, knots, putty scars and inconsistent wood colors on the surface into one color, and draw the wood grain. (12) Matte paper: Use fine gauze paper to gently polish back and forth, and then wipe off the powder with a damp cloth. (13) Apply the second and third coats of varnish: The surrounding environment should be clean and tidy, and the operation should be the same as applying the first coat of varnish, but the movements should be quick, the paint should be applied frequently, and the paint should be full, smooth, smooth and bright. After applying a coat of paint and before the paint dries, the area should be smoothed and wiped clean with a damp cloth. Then apply a layer of paint, then polish and smooth it with water sandpaper, then wipe it clean. Repeat three times. It is required to make the thickness of the paint film uniform and the edges and corners to be isosceles and polished in place. (14) Finally, apply topcoat as required.

3. Safety and environmental protection measures

(1) Herringbone ladders should be erected in accordance with regulations when operating at a height exceeding 2m. Inspections should be carried out before construction. The herringbone ladder used should be grounded at all four corners and placed stably. Anti-slip rubber pads and safety chains should be installed at the corners of the ladder. Scaffolding boards should be laid on the herringbone ladder. The length of both ends of the scaffolding boards should not be less than 20cm. Two people should not operate the scaffolding board at the same time in the middle. When moving the ladder, the operator must get down. It is strictly forbidden to stand on the ladder and move on stilts. People are not allowed to stand on the hinge axis at the top of the ladder, and scaffolding boards are not allowed to be laid. Herringbone ladders should be inspected regularly. If cracks, decay, loose wedge heads, missing blocks, etc. are found, they must not be used.

(2) Before construction, workers should be given safety education and written explanations should be given.

(3) It is strictly prohibited to set up paint material warehouses at the construction site, and the off-site paint warehouses should have adequate fire-fighting facilities.

(4) There should be safety signs on the construction site that prohibit fireworks, and full-time safety officers should be assigned to supervise the construction site to ensure that there are no open flames.

(5) Try to leave as little paint material as possible after finishing work every day.

Remaining paint is not allowed to be dumped randomly and should be collected and disposed of centrally. Waste is classified and disposed of according to environmental protection requirements.

(6) On-site cleaning shall be carried out by dedicated personnel to sprinkle water, and there shall be no dust pollution. Wipe away sanding dust with a damp cloth.

(7) Low-noise equipment or other measures should be selected around the construction site according to different noise-sensitive areas, and the construction operation time should be controlled in accordance with relevant national regulations.

(8) During painting operations, operators should wear corresponding protective facilities such as gas masks, masks, gloves, etc. So as not to harm workers' lungs, skin, etc.