Slogans about raising the head of the bed for ICU patients

What are the general standards for bed head elevation for ICU patients? The standards are as follows:

1. For severe patients such as tracheotomy, ventilator-assisted breathing, coma, etc., the head of the bed should be elevated by 30 to 45 degrees.

2. For mechanically ventilated patients, raising the head of the bed by 30 to 45 degrees can reduce the risk of reflux and aspiration, thereby reducing the risk of lung infection.

3. Elevating the head 30 to 45 degrees is beneficial to venous return and is the optimal head position to reduce intracranial pressure in patients with craniocerebral injury or surgery.