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Precautions for fire prevention in hospitals

In hospitals, the places for saving lives and treating diseases are densely populated, with different personnel qualities, age levels and physical conditions. With the deepening of China's reform and opening up, people's material life and spiritual life are constantly enriched, and patients' demand for life is stronger than before. However, due to the lack of understanding of the importance of fire prevention work, fire prevention measures can not be really implemented, leading to some fire accidents.

Fire case

On December 15th, 25, a fire broke out in the inpatient building of Liaoyuan Central Hospital in Jilin Province, causing 4 deaths, 28 serious injuries and 182 injuries. The direct economic loss of the fire was 8,219,214 yuan, which was the biggest fire in the health system since the founding of the People's Republic of China.

at about p>16: 1, Jilin Liaoyuan Central Hospital suddenly lost power. When the primary power supply is switched on and the standby power supply is not automatically started, the electrician forcibly pushes the switch to send electricity. At about 16: , the distribution box made a thumping sound, and generated arc and smoke, which led to a fire in the distribution box. When self-help failed, the police were called at 16: 57, which lasted nearly 3 minutes, causing the rapid development and spread of the fire. Because the unit delayed the best time to put out the initial fire and control the fire, a large number of people were trapped when the fire brigade arrived at the scene, and group deaths and injuries were inevitable.

Case analysis

Hospital patients are basically vulnerable groups to escape. Some critically ill patients, paralyzed patients and postoperative patients are unable to evacuate themselves, and the internal evacuation passages of the escort and visitors are unfamiliar, so they can only passively wait for rescue. Therefore, in the event of a fire in a hospital, early detection and early alarm are very important.

fire hazards in hospitals?

1. There are many combustible materials in the hospital, which is likely to cause disasters.

There are a large number of quilts, mattresses and furniture in the inpatient department of the hospital, and a large number of films in the radiology department. If there are inflammable dangerous goods in the operating room, pathology department, preparation room, hyperbaric oxygen chamber, pharmacy and drug storehouse, it is easy to cause fire and explosion accidents.

2. The equipment is potentially dangerous

In addition to a large number of lighting and air conditioning equipment, hospitals are also equipped with various diagnostic medical equipment such as X-ray machines and hyperbaric oxygen chambers for diagnosis and treatment. If these equipment are unqualified in quality and improperly installed and operated, it will cause fire accidents. Especially in hyperbaric oxygen chamber, not only a fire may cause the death of people in the chamber, but even an explosion may cause serious consequences. 3. There are many sporadic kindling, which is difficult to manage. < P > There are many fire sources in hospitals. First, there are cigarette butts, matches, microwave ovens, electric stoves and gas stoves used in pharmaceutical preparation rooms, and ovens used in pathological rooms. Second, insulation damage caused by wire aging and fire overload. All fluorescent lamp ballasts and electrical equipment have been heated for a long time and caught fire.

4. Complexity of internal structure

Characteristics of hospital fire

1. Once a disaster occurs, it will easily cause huge casualties.

2. There are many combustible materials and dense personnel, which brings great difficulties to fire fighting and rescue.

3. Patients in the hospital have poor self-help ability, and there are many factors that lead to death.

How to organize evacuation in case of fire

Call the police correctly to prevent chaos.

When the fire develops slowly, the leaders and staff of the fire hospital should first notify the people near the exit or in the most unfavorable area, evacuate them first, and then publicly report them according to the situation and tell other people to evacuate. When the fire is fierce and the evacuation conditions are good, it can be publicly notified at the same time to evacuate all personnel. How to report in the fire can be determined according to the specific situation of the fire, but it must be fast and simple, so that all kinds of evacuation passages can be fully utilized in time to prevent confusion.

Correct guidance and stable mood

Due to the psychological effect of people's eagerness to escape, people may flock to the exits with obvious signs together. At this time, the relevant staff should try to guide the evacuation, point out various evacuation passages for the evacuees, and at the same time shout in a calm tone to persuade everyone to eliminate panic and evacuate in an orderly manner

Stop those who have escaped from danger from entering the fire site again

For the evacuated personnel, After the disaster victims are out of danger, with the reduction of the threat to their own lives, they may be more worried about their property and their loved ones in the danger area and your life. At this time, people who have escaped from the danger zone may return to the fire to save their relatives who have not escaped, which may encounter new dangers, cause evacuation confusion and hinder rescue and fire fighting. Therefore, for those who have been evacuated to safe areas, management should be strengthened, and they should be prohibited from taking dangerous actions. If necessary, alert personnel should be equipped at key parts inside and outside the building.

how to save people in the fire

1. For the old, the weak, the sick, the disabled, children and people who are unconscious due to shock, smoke and fire, we should use the methods of carrying, hugging and lifting to catch them and rescue them. When it is necessary to pass through the fireworks blockade area, wet clothes, wet bedding, etc. can be used to cover the head, face and body of the rescued and rescuer, and cover them with mist water guns to prevent them from being burned by fire or hot air.

2. The internal walkways, stairs, doors and other passages of the floor have been blocked by fireworks. If the trapped people cannot escape, they should use fire ladders and other frames to reach the windows, balconies, roofs and other places where the trapped people are located, and then use fire ladders, lift fire engines and life-saving bags. The descent control device will rescue the trapped people.

3. When the fire escape cannot be erected, you can climb upstairs by using the hook ladder and climbing the downspout window by hand, and then use life-saving equipment to save people, or use a rope gun to shoot ropes at the position of the trapped person, and then let the trapped person use ropes to hang up the fire-fighting equipment such as the descent control device, life-saving ladder and life-saving bag, and then let the trapped person use equipment to save themselves.

4. People trapped in windows, balconies and roofs, especially those hanging outside buildings, may risk jumping off buildings under the threat of smoke and fire. At this time, they should be warned by shouting or big-character slogans to wait for rescue and not to take risks. Peer 4 should make life-saving preparations on the ground, such as pulling open life-saving nets and life-saving mats, which can be replaced by sponge mats and Simmons mattresses, just in case.

5. When using the fire escape to rescue people trapped in the floor, be alert and stop them from rushing to avoid accidents such as falling and climbing stairs. When the trapped person evacuates himself from the floor to the ground along the fire escape, he should be protected by a safety rope around his waist, or be escorted down by firemen on his back.

5. The injured rescued by the team should be treated in time besides first aid at the scene.