What ancient poems must be memorized in the new high school curriculum standards?

The two compulsory chapters in the new Chinese textbook are as follows:

1. "Dan Ge Xing Cao Cao"

Singing while drinking, how many things are there in life! For example, the morning dew, There will be more hardships in the past days. Generosity should be shown as generosity, and worries will be unforgettable. How to relieve worries? Only Du Kang. Qingqing Zijin, my heart is leisurely. But for your sake, I still ponder it.

Yo yo, the deer roars, eating apples in the wild. I have a guest who plays the drum, harp, and sheng. It's as bright as the moon, when can you shake it off? Worry comes from it and cannot be cut off. The more unfamiliar you are, the more you cross the border, the more useless you are. Qi Kuo talks about Yan, thinking about old kindness. The moon and stars are sparse, and the magpie flies south, circling the tree three times. What branch can I rely on? The mountains never get too high, and the sea never gets too deep. The Duke of Zhou vomits food, and the world returns to its heart.

Translation:

But you have to sing to your heart’s content over the wine, life is short and the days and months fly by! Like the dew in the morning, there may not be many left of the wasted days of the past... Listening to the impassioned singing at the table, the sadness in my heart is hard to forget. What to use to relieve sorrow? Only the wine is called "Dukang". The "green" part is your skirt, you make me yearn for you day and night. It is because of you that I have been singing the song of Zijin in a low voice.

The "yo yo" sound is the elk chirping because it has eaten apple grass in the wild. It is precisely because I have noble guests, musicians playing the sheng, drums and harp, and there is a peaceful scene of singing and dancing. As bright as the moon in the sky, you are running and never stop. When can I take you off? The worry and anger I had stored up for a long time suddenly spewed out and formed a long river.

Guests from far away came to visit me one by one along the field roads. After a long absence, they reunited for a heart-to-heart talk and a banquet, vying to tell the story of their past friendship. The bright moon rises, the stars twinkle, and a group of nesting magpies fly south. They fly around the tree for three weeks without closing their wings. Which branch can they cling to? Mountains are never satisfied with their height, and the sea is never satisfied with its depth and breadth. Only by being as courteous as the Duke of Zhou is to the virtuous, may all the heroes in the world truly submit to me.

2. "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields" by Tao Yuanming

There is no vulgar charm, and his nature is to love mountains and hills. I accidentally fell into the dust net and passed away for thirty years.

The tame birds miss the old forest, and the fish in the pond miss their old abyss. Open up the wilderness in the south, stay humble and return to the garden.

The square house covers more than ten acres and has eight or nine thatched houses. The elms and willows shade the back eaves, and the peach and plum trees in front of the hall.

The distant village is warm and the smoke is lingering in the ruins. Dogs bark in the deep alleys, cocks crow in the mulberry trees.

The courtyard is clean of dust and clutter, and the empty room has plenty of leisure. After being in a cage for a long time, you can return to nature.

Translation:

Since childhood, I have not had the temperament to cater to the secular world, and my character has always been fond of mountains and wilderness. I mistakenly fell into the snare of the human world and was gone for thirteen years.

The caged bird yearns for the woods where it once lived, and the fish raised in the pond longs for the deep pool where it lived. Go to the southern wilderness to clear up wasteland, and return home to cultivate the fields according to your foolish nature.

There are more than ten acres of land around the house, and there are eight or nine thatched houses. Elms and willows cover the rear eaves, and peach and plum trees line the front of the hall.

Inhabited villages can be vaguely seen in the distance, and the smoke from the trees is blowing gently in the wind. The sound of dogs barking came from the deep alley, and roosters crowed on top of the mulberry trees.

There are no worldly distractions in the courtyard, and there is plenty of free time in the empty room. After being trapped in a cage for so long, I can finally return to nature.

3. "Mencius: A person who has gained the Tao has many helpers, but a Taoist has few helpers"

The weather is not as good as the right place, and the right place is not as good as the people. A city of three miles and a country of seven miles can be surrounded and attacked without victory. If you attack the husband's ring, you will definitely get the right time. However, if you don't win, the right time is not as good as the right place. The city is not too high, the pond is not not deep, the army and revolution are not not strong and powerful, and the rice and millet are not not in abundance. If we leave them alone, the favorable terrain is not as good as the harmony of people.

Therefore, it is said: The people of the region do not rely on the boundaries of the border, the country is consolidated without the dangers of mountains and rivers, and the people of the world do not rely on the benefits of military revolution. Those who have attained the truth will receive much help, while those who have lost the truth will receive little help. When there is little help, relatives will be there; when there is much help, the world will follow. If the people of the world are in obedience, they will attack their relatives. Therefore, if a gentleman does not fight, he will definitely win in battle.

Translation: The weather and season that are conducive to combat are not as good as the geographical situation that is conducive to combat, and they are not as good as the people's aspiration and internal unity during combat. (For example, a) small city with a radius of three miles and an outer city with a radius of seven miles. If you surround the city on all sides, you can't win. To attack a city by encircling it on all sides, you must have weather and season that are conducive to combat. You cannot win because the weather and season that are conducive to combat are not as good as the geographical situation that is conducive to combat.

The city wall is not too high, the moat is not too deep, the weapons and equipment are not poor, and the food supply is not insufficient. However, the defenders still abandoned the city and fled. This is because the geographical situation for combat (no matter how good it is) cannot compare to the will of the people and internal unity. Therefore, it is said that to make people settle down instead of moving to other places, we cannot rely on demarcating territorial boundaries, to consolidate national defense, we cannot rely on the dangers of mountains and rivers, and to frighten the world, we cannot rely on the strength of force.

A king who can implement "benevolent government" will have more people who will help and support him; a monarch who cannot implement "benevolent government" will have fewer people who will support and help him. If the number of people who support and help him reaches the extreme, even his relatives at home and abroad will betray him; if the number of people who support and help him reaches the extreme, everyone in the world will submit to him. On the condition that all the people in the world submit to him, he attacks the monarch who even his relatives are opposed to betrayal. Therefore, a monarch who can practice "benevolent government" will not fight, and (if he) fights, he will definitely win.

4. "Drinking"

The house is in a human environment, without the noise of cars and horses.

How can you do this? The mind is far away from itself.

Picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, you can leisurely see the Nanshan Mountain.

The mountain air is getting better day by day, and the birds are flying back and forth.

There is a true meaning in this, but I have forgotten to explain it.

Translation: Living in the human world without the hustle and bustle of cars and horses. Ask me why? As long as your mind is high, you will naturally feel that the place you are in is secluded. Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely, the Nanshan Mountain in the distance comes into view. The atmosphere in the mountains and the scenery in the evening are very good. There are birds flying back with their companions. This contains the true meaning of life. I want to identify it, but I don’t know how to express it.

5. "Slow Voice"

Looking and searching, deserted and miserable. It is most difficult to breathe when it is warm and then cold. How can three cups and two glasses of light wine defeat his sudden arrival at dawn? The wild geese are passing by, and I am sad, but it is an old acquaintance.

The ground is covered with yellow flowers. Haggard and damaged, who is worthy of being picked off now? Watching the window alone, how can you live in darkness? The phoenix trees are covered with drizzle, and it rains bit by bit at dusk. This time, how could there be such a thing as "sorrow"!

Translation:

I searched hard, but all I saw was deserted and deserted, which made me miserable. The seasons of sudden cold and sudden warmth are the most difficult to take care of and rest. How can you withstand the strong wind at night by drinking three or two glasses of light wine? When I was feeling sad, the wild goose passed by, but it turned out to be an old acquaintance of mine.

The chrysanthemums have fallen and piled up on the ground, looking haggard and yellow. Who will pick them now? How can a person stay until dark by guarding the window? More drizzle fell on the sycamore leaves, and it continued to drop by dusk. How can this situation be ended with just one word: sorrow!