What is agricultural product quality and safety?

Question 1: What are agricultural product quality and safety standards? Answer: Agricultural product quality and safety standards refer to mandatory technical specifications on the quality and safety of agricultural products, which must be formulated and promulgated in accordance with relevant laws and administrative regulations. According to the provisions of the Food Safety Law, the quality and safety standards for edible agricultural products must be integrated into national food safety standards in accordance with the law.

Question 2: What does the “four members” of agricultural product quality and safety mean? 1. Improve the grassroots food and drug safety “four members” supervision system

Establish food and drug safety managers, publicity officers and Officer, coordinator, information officer. The administrator shall be the person in charge of the township and the food and drug safety management office; the propagandist shall be the person in charge of the market supervision and management office, the township agricultural product quality and safety supervision station, and the judicial office with regulatory authority in the jurisdiction; the coordinator shall be the village committee The director of the committee (neighborhood committee) shall serve as the director; the information officer shall be the person in charge of public health at the township health center and the person in charge of the village clinic. The "four members" of food and drug safety shall be approved by the township food and drug safety leading group and then reported to the county food safety office for review and filing. After passing the training and assessment, they will be employed with certificates.

2. Clarify the job responsibilities of the “four members” of food and drug safety

(1) Administrator job responsibilities: Responsible for organizing and coordinating the food and drug safety supervision work in the township.

1. Responsible for daily work such as food and drug safety work plan, organization and coordination, and request for instructions and reports in the region;

2. Organize the implementation of relevant laws and regulations for food safety coordinators and information personnel and food safety knowledge publicity and training;

3. Carry out research to understand the local food and drug safety situation, the basic situation of food production and business units, and market dynamics, timely discover new situations and new problems, and put forward opinions and suggestions Report to the township leading group for study;

4. Assist relevant departments to carry out food and drug safety supervision and inspection and case investigation and handling;

5. Complete other tasks assigned by the food and drug safety leading group.

(2) Responsibilities of the Propaganda Officer: Responsible for food and drug safety publicity work at the township and village levels.

1. Regularly promote food and drug safety laws, regulations and related knowledge;

2. Participate in safety inspection and research activities organized by the food and drug safety leading group;

3. Guide the village food and drug safety coordinator to carry out their work;

4. Complete other tasks assigned by the food and drug safety leading group office.

(3) Responsibilities of the coordinator: Responsible for the food and drug safety coordination work of the administrative village (neighborhood committee).

1. Promote and educate the people of the administrative village (neighborhood committee) and food business units on food and drug safety laws and regulations and food and drug safety knowledge;

2. Regularly carry out food safety inspections Conduct drug safety inspections and investigations, report problems found to the township leadership group office or the food and drug safety supervision department in a timely manner, provide on-site protection, and assist in investigation and handling;

3. Master and record this in a timely manner Food and drug safety situation in administrative villages, familiar with the operating conditions of food production and operation units, receiving food and drug safety complaints and reports, and reporting information in a timely manner, responsible for the filing, reporting and inspection guidance of rural self-organized banquets with more than 50 people in the administrative village;

4. Assist relevant departments to carry out food and drug safety supervision and inspection;

5. Complete other tasks assigned by the Food and Drug Safety Leading Group Office.

(4) Information Officer Job Responsibilities: Responsible for the collection and submission of food and drug safety information within the jurisdiction.

1. Assist food and drug safety promoters and coordinators to publicize food and drug safety laws and regulations and food and drug safety knowledge to the people in their jurisdiction;

2. Participate in food and drug safety inspections , research activities, and summarize and report relevant information;

3. Responsible for the establishment and management of "standardized pharmacies" in medical institutions, and cooperate with relevant departments to monitor adverse drug events;

4. Responsible Collect information on food and drug safety violations and potential safety hazards within the jurisdiction, and promptly report to the Office of the Food and Drug Safety Leading Group;

5. Responsible for collecting information on food and drug safety emergencies and food and drug safety accidents within the jurisdiction Organize information and materials and report to the Office of the Food and Drug Safety Leading Group and the health administration department as soon as possible;

6. Complete other tasks assigned by the Food and Drug Safety Leading Group Office.

3. Strengthen safeguard measures

(1) Strengthen organizational leadership. All towns and villages should attach great importance to it, adjust their food and drug safety leading groups in a timely manner, and set up offices under them. The offices must meet the "six things" standard (office space, institution brand, dedicated person in charge, work system, work ledger, and contact number). It is necessary to speed up the establishment and improvement of the "four-member" working mechanism, strengthen the grid management of food and drug safety responsibilities, and achieve the "four implementations" of regulatory tasks, regulatory units, regulatory personnel, and regulatory responsibilities. It is necessary to incorporate the construction of the "four members" working mechanism for food and drug safety into the annual work target assessment, strengthen funding guarantees, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the "four members" for work, improve the sensitivity of the food and drug safety response mechanism, and reduce food and drug safety... gt；gt;

Question 3: What are agricultural product quality and safety accidents? Refers to safety accidents that cause or may cause damage or serious damage to public health. Major agricultural product quality and safety accidents refer to major safety accidents involving mass poisoning or death cases involving a large number of people. The state classifies major food safety accidents into particularly major food safety accidents (Level I), major food safety accidents (Level II), major food safety accidents (Level III) and General food safety accident (Level IV) Level 4.

Question 4: What are the three major systems included in the agricultural product quality and safety system? "Five major systems":

First, establish and improve the agricultural production quality standard system. In order to standardize the production standards of agricultural products, focus on the promotion of new agricultural varieties and new technologies, and in accordance with the requirements of establishing a standardized production system in line with internationally accepted standards, 42 types of advantageous agricultural products standardized production technical operating procedures and 12 types of green foods have been formulated and promoted throughout the city. Production technology standards, Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) for 35 types of export agricultural products, and comprehensive implementation of standardized management in production, processing, storage, circulation and other links. Agricultural products standards have covered many fields such as grains and oils, fruits, vegetables, edible fungi, livestock products and aquatic products, and a relatively complete quality standard system has initially been formed.

The second is to establish an agricultural standardized production demonstration system. Actively organize and implement the "Green Card Action Plan" and "Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Improvement Project", and vigorously promote the construction of agricultural standardization bases. The Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the finance, agriculture, ocean and fishery, animal husbandry, and forestry departments jointly issued the "Regional Layout Plan for Yantai City's Advantaged Agricultural Products", giving priority to the development of 16 kinds of advantageous agricultural products such as fruits, marine treasures, vegetables, edible fungi, pigs, and dairy cows. By increasing financial investment, reducing taxes and fees, and reducing administrative charges, we have increased support for advantageous agricultural product production areas and agricultural standardized production bases. The Municipal *** formulated and promulgated the "Yantai Apple and Cherry Industry Development Plan" and "Opinions on Carrying out Activities to Create Top 100 Leading Enterprises in Agricultural Industrialization", and arranged 10 million yuan of funds each year for four consecutive years for Yantai apples, Construction of bases for high-quality fruits such as cherry and Laiyang pears; 5 million yuan of loan interest discount funds are arranged every year to provide key support to top 100 leading enterprises in building standardized bases and other aspects.

The Municipal Government formulated and issued the "Opinions on Promoting Agricultural Branding Construction" and spent 4 years building 60 characteristic brand agricultural product bases in advantageous industries such as fruits, vegetables, aquatic products, and animal husbandry. The agricultural standardization base comprehensively implements the "Five Unifications" operating procedures of unified environmental quality, unified production technology, unified supply of agricultural materials, unified monitoring methods, and unified product labeling. Vegetables from Laiyang and Haiyang, fruits from Qixia, Zhaoyuan and Longkou, aquaculture from Penglai, Changdao, Laizhou and the Development Zone, large cherries from Fushan and Zhifu, edible fungi from Muping and Qixia, seeds from Laizhou, There are a number of characteristic industrial zones such as flowers and high-quality agricultural products bases.

The third is to establish an agricultural product quality certification and testing system. The development and certification of pollution-free agricultural products, green food, and organic food have been intensified. A total of 481 products have passed agricultural product quality certification in the city, including 188 green foods, 293 pollution-free agricultural products, and 2 organic foods. Yantai apples, Longkou vermicelli, Yantai wine and Yantai cherry have obtained national geographical indication product protection, and Laiyang pear, Haiyang white cucumber, Yantai apple and Yantai cherry have obtained geographical indication certification trademarks. In order to strengthen the quality inspection of agricultural products, more than 85 million yuan has been invested to establish 4 municipal-level agricultural product quality inspection and testing centers and 8 county-level agricultural product quality inspection centers (stations), and focused on supporting 46 provincial-level leading enterprises to establish quality inspection centers. 20 larger agricultural product wholesale markets have established agricultural product rapid testing testing points. The agricultural product quality testing center established by Longda Group with an investment of more than 30 million yuan was approved by the China National Accreditation Committee for Laboratories (CNAL) in April 2004. It can test more than 550 kinds of pesticide residues, 60 kinds of antibiotics, 23 kinds of additives, 5 kinds of Heavy metals, 11 types of microorganisms and other indicators are precisely detected. In January 2008, another US$620,000 was invested to introduce the most advanced drug residue testing equipment LC/MS/MS from the United States, so that Longda's drug residue testing projects and testing methods are always in sync with the latest Japanese standards.

The fourth is to establish an agricultural input supervision system. Agricultural product quality and safety inputs are key. In 2009, the Municipal Government issued and implemented a series of normative documents such as the "Measures for Supervision and Management of Pesticide Operation and Use in Yantai City", vigorously promoting agricultural input chain operations, combination of agricultural technology and agricultural input, association services, corporate direct sales, leading enterprises and other agricultural The effective input service model ensures the quality and safety of agricultural products from the source. Using the distribution center as a platform, Laiyang City has set up chain supermarkets of agricultural inputs, set up chain supply points in enterprises and villages, and implemented a service model of "unified purchase, unified distribution, unified price, and unified service", which has effectively improved the quality of reliable agricultural inputs. Delivery capabilities and levels. At present, the city's centralized distribution rates of fertilizers and pesticides have reached over 85% and 80% respectively.

The fifth is to establish a quality and safety supervision system for agricultural products. The Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal *** require that the use of three... Monitoring and supervision of agricultural product quality and safety.

Agricultural product quality and safety risk monitoring refers to activities that systematically and continuously inspect, analyze and evaluate harmful factors that affect the quality and safety of agricultural products in order to understand the quality and safety status of agricultural products and carry out quality and safety risk assessment of agricultural products. Including routine monitoring, census and special monitoring of agricultural product quality and safety.

Agricultural product quality and safety supervision and spot inspection refers to the activity of sampling and testing agricultural products in production or sold on the market in accordance with the law in order to supervise the quality and safety of agricultural products.

Relevant policies and regulations include: Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Monitoring and Management Measures, Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Law, etc.

Question 6: What agricultural product quality and safety inspections are mainly inspected, including environmental testing? (Soil, atmosphere, water, etc., focusing on detecting heavy metal content), pesticide residue detection, microbial detection related instruments, including: atomic absorption, atomic fluorescence, inductance couple and plasma mass spectrometer, ultraviolet spectrophotometer, spectrophotometer, liquid phase , gas phase, liquid quality, temperament, microwave digestion instrument, electric hot plate, atmospheric sampler, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium rapid tester, electronic balance, etc...

Question 7: Main manifestations of quality and safety problems in my country's agricultural products In what aspects, the quality and safety of agricultural products means that the quality of edible agricultural products meets the requirements for protecting human health and is beneficial to the human body. As for the testing and supervision of the quality and safety of agricultural products, with the development of science and technology, the increase of investment, and the increasing attention of consumers to quality and safety, the quality and safety problems of agricultural products do not seem to have been reduced, but have been reported in the press, and their influence has become more and more widespread. Big, even causing people to panic for a while. I would like to briefly talk about my views on scientifically viewing the quality and safety of agricultural products. First, safety is a relative concept, and absolutely safe food does not exist. Judging from the reality, in an environment suitable for human life, the possibility of any "zero risk" thing is basically zero, especially for the quality and safety of agricultural products. Because the raw materials of food come from the natural environment, and the natural environment itself contains various elemental components that can or cannot be detected by relying on modern technology. It is just a matter of relative content. Most agricultural products are derived from plants, animals, microorganisms and their metabolic products. They are also living organisms themselves and must follow the natural laws of birth, aging, illness and death. When people choose to consume agricultural products, they will basically choose products with good "color, shape and taste". This contradiction can only be solved by relying on special drugs for agricultural products - "pesticides", just like "drugs for human use" The same as "veterinary drugs"; only by relying on appropriate amounts of food additives can we ensure the relative "health" of the growth of agricultural products. Just like humans, it is impossible not to get sick and take medicine to be so-called absolute "health". Second, safety is negatively related to the amount and frequency of food intake, and positively related to the physical condition of the intake subject. As early as the Renaissance, the revolutionary physician Balaselsus once said that everything is poisonous, the key is the dose. Therefore, the safety of agricultural products is negatively related to the quantity and frequency of consumption by consumers. That is to say, if the same food is ingested in large amounts at high frequency, compared with ingesting it in trace amounts at low frequency, the former will undoubtedly cause much greater harm to the human body, and may even be fatal. This is what the saying goes, "As long as the portion is sufficient, everything will be harmed." They are all poisonous." As we all know, excessive consumption of wine or even water will not only harm the body, but may even cause death by poisoning. At the same time, it is worth noting that due to the different physical qualities of individual consumers, congenital or acquired diseases, explicit or recessive diseases, or being in different environments, etc., consuming the same food will produce symptoms. Unexpected results. For example, milk, shrimp and crab, etc. are safe for most people, but some people may have allergic reactions, causing vomiting and diarrhea, which may be mistaken for food poisoning, and their quality problems may be misidentified. As everyone knows, food safety is also positively related to the physical condition of the food ingested. The better the consumer's physical fitness, the stronger the ability to digest and absorb the same food, the stronger the ability to shield the hazards of food, and the safer the food quality is. The solution to these two problems ultimately depends on the improvement of the consumer's overall quality and comprehensive thinking on the problem. Third, whether food is safe is related to its production process and its existing conditions. Chen Junshi, an academician of the Academy of Engineering, once said that safe food is produced, not regulated. In other words, the safety of food is closely linked to its production process.

The production process involves many links, such as direct planting and processing, storage and transportation, preservation and sales, and post-processing. Among them, direct planting management is the most important, because it involves whether pesticides are sprayed on primary agricultural products, whether additives are illegally used, etc., and more importantly, Whether the products using pesticides and additives themselves are qualified and safe? If these pesticides contain prohibited ingredients, are used in large doses, and are added illegally, the consequences can be imagined. This is chemical pollution caused by toxic and harmful substances such as pesticides and veterinary drugs, organic pollutants, and additives. . Of course, the condition of agricultural products is also an important factor related to their quality. If they are not stored properly, some physical and chemical reactions may occur, deriving some secondary metabolites that are harmful to the human body; they may also attract and breed some microorganisms, which may cause Foodborne diseases cause food safety incidents. There are also hazards caused by unhygienic post-processing or improper processing and consumption of some different agricultural products, which may even lead to food quality and safety incidents. To solve such problems, we must increase monitoring efforts and establish a regulatory system with clear rewards and punishments and strong intensity...gt;gt;

Question 8: Why should we pay attention to the quality of agricultural products? Safety? The quality and safety of agricultural products is related to the health and life safety of the people, and to the increase of farmers' income and agricultural development. It is a heavy responsibility and of great significance.

(1) my country is paying more and more attention to the quality and safety of agricultural products. For a long time, the primary task of my country's agriculture has been to ensure the effective supply of agricultural products, and increasing production is the first priority. This is determined by national conditions and cannot be shaken at any time. As the supply and demand of agricultural products enters a new stage in which the total amount is basically balanced and there are abundant harvests, as people's living standards improve and international trade in agricultural products develops, the country has placed the quality and safety of agricultural products in a more prominent position.

(2) Public expectations are getting stronger and stronger. People's higher and higher requirements for the quality and safety of agricultural products are an inevitable reflection of economic and social development. At present, our country has entered the mid-stage of industrialization. At this stage, the people's consumption concept has changed from "eating enough" to "eating well and eating safely", and they are paying more attention to whether agricultural products are safe and beneficial to health. Therefore, the quality and safety of agricultural products must be placed in an equally important position as the quantity and safety of agricultural products, and the relationship between quantity, quality and efficiency must be coordinated to meet the needs of the people's continuously improving living standards.

(3) Increasingly relevant to the development of the agricultural industry. The quality and safety level of agricultural products directly affects the healthy development of the agricultural industry. Quality and safety are the key to developing modern agriculture and improving the market competitiveness of agricultural products. Therefore, we must go all out to strengthen quality and safety supervision and improve quality and safety levels.

Question 9: What should we focus on to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products? Of course, the focus is on quality inspection and quarantine. No matter how good the agricultural products are, they are useless if they fail to pass quality inspection and quarantine. Everyone is careful about what they put into their mouths. Xiangzuo Yipin agricultural products must make great efforts to improve the quality.

Question 10: What are the new measures for agricultural product quality and safety supervision? Strengthen territorial management responsibilities, strictly implement *** responsibilities, department supervision responsibilities and production and operation entity responsibilities, and clarify the local people at all levels’ responsibility for agricultural products in the region. The overall responsibility for quality and safety is taken by the administrative head as a co-ordinator and the leaders in charge are in charge, and the quality and safety supervision of agricultural products is included in the important agenda. We will solidly advance the construction of agricultural standardization and branding, accelerate the formulation of production specifications and standards to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products, and implement an agricultural brand development strategy with quality and safety as the core. Strictly control the source of production, do a good job in registration, production and operation management of agricultural inputs in accordance with the law, and standardize agricultural input transactions. Strengthen the supervision of livestock and poultry slaughtering, resolutely put an end to the slaughter of sick and dead animals, inject water, etc., and strengthen the dynamic supervision of livestock and poultry epidemic prevention conditions. Implement the market access system for edible agricultural products to ensure qualified listing and smooth circulation of agricultural products. Strengthen the quality monitoring of agricultural products, increase the monitoring of agricultural products such as vegetables, fruits, edible fungi, and aquatic products, and build a monitoring network covering major production bases and collection, storage, and transportation links.

Establish a traceability system for the quality and safety of agricultural products, and gradually realize the traceability of the entire production, purchase, storage and transportation of agricultural products in the city. Strictly crack down on illegal and criminal activities, expose relevant cases in a timely manner, and create a good social atmosphere for combating counterfeiting. Mobilize the broad participation of the whole society, establish a reward system for reporting illegal activities on the quality and safety of agricultural products and agricultural input operations, carry out in-depth publicity and popular science education, and guide consumers to establish a quality and safety awareness that is compatible with economic and social development.