Lesson 22 "One Mountain in Gong Yu" teaching plan and knowledge points in the first volume of eighth grade Chinese

# Lesson Plan # Introduction One Mountain in Gong Yu is an allegorical essay in Liezi. The birthplace of this story is usually called Jiyuan, the hometown of Gong Yu. The article tells the story of Gong Yu's fearless and persistent digging of the mountain, which finally moved the Emperor of Heaven and moved the mountain away. The following is what KaoNet has carefully compiled for everyone. Welcome to reading.

1. The Ministry compiled the lesson 22 "One Mountain in Gong Yu" in the first volume of the eighth grade Chinese.

Teaching objectives 1. Understand Liezi and its author, master the difficult words, difficult words and difficult sentences in the text, and correctly read the words "Qi, Fan, Widow, Cuo and Long".

2. Learn to identify polysemous words and loanwords, be able to dictate stories, translate the full text smoothly, and summarize the meaning.

3. Feel the spirit of Gong Yu's moving mountains and the realistic significance of Gong Yu's image.

4. Let students express their personal opinions on Gong Yu's behavior, and cultivate students' innovative spirit and independent ability.

Emphasis and difficulty in teaching

1, key points:

Master the difficult words in the text, dredge the whole text, read aloud and recite. Discrimination of polysemous words in ancient Chinese.

2. Difficulties:

Feel the spirit of Gong Yu's moving mountains and the realistic significance of Gong Yu's image.

Teaching time

2 class hours.

Teaching step

first kind

First, guide people to learn new courses.

It is impossible for a fool to move mountains. The characteristic of fable is that it contains certain truth in short stories. Good fables often give people beneficial enlightenment and profound education.

Liezi and its author brief introduction

1, Liezi, according to legend, was made by Lieyukou. There were many fables and myths and legends in the pre-Qin period.

2. Lieyukou, according to legend, was a representative figure of Taoism in the Warring States period, advocating emptiness and inaction, and was respected as a predecessor by Taoism.

Third, the awards are new

1, students listen to the text recording and clear the text barrier:

Master the following notional words:

Sorry, I'm widowed, I'm dying, and I'm happy.

2. Common words: refers to; Reversal; Hui; Death; point out

3. Translation of key sentences and word execution:

Ninety years old (nearly ninety years old)

Punish the mountain for blocking the north (blocking the affected mountain)

A vague promise (everyone agrees)

It is impossible to destroy the hill of the chieftain's father (it is impossible to remove the hill like the chieftain's father)

And how and where to place earthwork.

The dustpan is transported to the end of the Bohai Sea (earth and stone are transported to the Bohai Sea by earth baskets).

Cold and summer are easy to celebrate, and the beginning is different (summer comes and winter goes, back and forth for one year)

It's a pity that you are not kind (you are too clever)

Your heart is solid, solid (your mind is too stubborn to be flexible)

Infinite children and grandchildren (endless children and grandchildren)

Why bother (why worry about digging rough)

For example, Taihang Mountain and Wuwang Mountain (what about Taihang Mountain and Wuwang Mountain? )

Like dirt and stones (what can it do)

One in the east of Shuozhou and one in the south of Yongzhou (one in the east of Shuozhou and one in the south of Yongzhou).

From then on, the south of Hebei, the yin of Han, has no long break (from then on, the south of Jizhou, the south of Hanshui, has no mountain barrier)

4. Retell the story of "Yu Gong Yi Shan".

Fourth, homework

1. Review and consolidate the explanations of difficult sentences in the text.

2. Refer to after-class exercises to understand the text.

Second lesson

First, check the import.

Second, overall perception.

1. Read the text paragraph by paragraph and discuss and analyze the structure of the text.

The first paragraph: Talk about the heights of Taihang Mountain and Wuwangshan Mountain, and explain their positions.

The second paragraph: Write the reason and process of Gong Yu's moving mountains.

The third paragraph: Write the dialogue between Yugong and Zhizuo.

The fourth paragraph: Write about Gong Yu's victory in moving mountains.

2. What is the function of Taihang Mountain? It is the height of the imperial house, the age of the foolish old man, the lack of manpower to move mountains, the distance to move earth, the "fear" of the snake god and the "feeling" of the God of Heaven?

The front is paving the way for the difficulty of moving mountains below. Set off Gong Yu's determination, confidence and perseverance in moving mountains.

3. Gong Yu is an active advocate of moving mountains, and his attitude towards moving mountains is naturally firm. So, what is the difference between him and Zhizuo? What do you think of moving mountains?

The sage thought that human resources were limited and could not change nature, so he laughed at and stopped Gong Yu from moving mountains. The foolish old man believes that man can conquer nature. Although the mountain is huge, it is dead and will not increase with time. Although personal strength is limited, it has unlimited potential for survival and reproduction. Zhisou only looks at the problem from a short and stagnant perspective; Gong Yu views this issue from a long-term and developmental perspective.

It can be seen from the text that "fools" are not "stupid" and "wise men" are not "wise". What is the author's intention to name them like this?

The history of wisdom is in sharp contrast with the stupid old man. The "wisdom" of wisdom lies in the belief that Gong Yu "can't destroy a hair on this mountain with his spare effort in the remaining years." This is to look at the problem with a static eye, short-sighted, really stupid. The stupidity of the silly old man lies in his decision to risk his life to dig mountains. This is a great event for the benefit of future generations. Gong Yu has a long-term vision. He thinks it is wise to let future generations look at problems from a developmental perspective without increasing mountains. A wise man is a fool and a fool is a wise man. Obviously, this naming not only aggravates the contrast color, but also has an ironic effect, thus highlighting the image of Gong Yu.

Some people say that the story finally moved the two mountains by the power of the gods. In this way, Gong Yu is still incompetent. Do you agree?

Gong Yu's pioneering spirit frightened the mountain gods and moved the Emperor of Heaven. This article just shows that Gong Yu's spirit of moving mountains is touching, and his move to move mountains has irresistible power.

6. This article ends with a myth. What's the role?

This paper adopts the mythical ending to realize Gong Yu's grand ambition with the help of God. It is an imaginative way to solve the contradiction between man and nature under the condition of extremely underdeveloped productive forces, reflecting the beautiful wishes of ancient working people, which is essentially different from the feudal superstition that preaches reincarnation.

7. What kind of person is Yu Gong? What is the moral of the author's image?

Gong Yu is a respectable old man. He has lofty ideals, is not afraid of any difficulties, has strong will and tenacious perseverance, is not afraid of hardship, dares to struggle and dares to win. By shaping this image, the author reflects the great spirit and strong perseverance of the ancient working people in China in transforming nature, and shows that we must make up our minds and make unremitting efforts to overcome difficulties.

Third, the class summary

We often talk about fools, so what is fools? The spirit of ignorance is a spirit that is not afraid of hardship and any difficulties; It is the spirit of daring to transform and conquer nature; It is the spirit of daring to struggle and dare to win. In our study today and in our future life, we need to vigorously carry forward this spirit. Because our study, work and life will inevitably encounter all kinds of difficulties, and there will be thousands of "Taihang" and "Prince of Wu" blocking our way forward. If we lack this spirit, then we will certainly accomplish nothing.

Fourth, homework

1, deepen the understanding of the text.

2. Write a 400-word "Yu Gong Yi Shan" after reading it.

2. Lesson 22 "One Mountain in Gong Yu" in the first volume of the eighth grade Chinese.

Teaching goal 1, knowledge goal:

⑴ Accumulate important notional words and function words in classical Chinese, and discriminate polysemous words.

⑵ Understand the profound meaning of the text.

2, ability goal:

(1) Read the text repeatedly, grasp the meaning of the text as a whole, explore the connotation of the article, and cultivate the self-reading ability of classical Chinese.

⑵ Grasp the image of Yu Gong and experience the performance effect of contrast and contrast.

3, moral education objectives:

Learn the spirit of stupidity, face up to the difficulties and obstacles on the road to growth, and go forward bravely.

Teaching focus

1. Accumulate common words in classical Chinese and cultivate a sense of language.

2. Understand the meaning of this article.

Teaching difficulties

1, cultivate the ability to analyze problems from multiple angles.

2. Understand the role of the mythical ending and realize the role of this detail that Jingsheng's son jumped out to help.

teaching method

1, reading method.

2. Debate method.

3. Reading method.

4. Rational reading method guides students to accumulate commonly used classical Chinese vocabulary, including ancient and modern synonyms, polysemous words, loanwords and commonly used function words.

5. Epitaxial expansion method.

Class arrangement

2 class hours.

teaching process

first kind

First, the introduction of new courses.

(Listening to music, foolish men move mountains)

Students, I'm afraid everyone can sing this song "One Mountain in Gong Yu" casually, and the story of one mountain in Gong Yu is also a household name. Today, let's walk into this story and feel the spirit of Gong Yu!

Second, reading the text, the overall perception

1, the teacher demonstrated reciting the text. Students read after the sound.

2. Students read the text together, and the teacher prompts the sentence to pause.

Example:

Punishment/the fortress in the north of the mountain is powerless/destroying the mound of the chieftain's father/leading the children to bear the burden/three husbands

My neighbor's widow/widow/son/Kwa 'e/son of negative mountain.

3. According to the notes, with the help of reference books, students dredge sentences and circle difficult words and sentences. Discuss and communicate at the same table, and the teacher will patrol and answer questions.

The teacher checks the students' self-study.

Third, read the text again and complete the following content structure.

The size and location of these two mountains are 700 miles, which is high in Wan Ren; South of Jizhou and north of Heyang.

The reason why Gong Yu moved mountains is to punish the blockage in the north of the mountain and pedantic going in and out.

The goal of moving mountains is to connect southern Henan and reach Hanyin.

Move mountains and knock stones to fill the sea, and transport them in baskets.

It's easy to celebrate when it's hot and cold when moving mountains.

Moving mountains conflicts with fools and wise men.

The ending of moving mountains is not broken

Fourth, think about reading the text and understanding the meaning.

1. The students are divided into two groups for class debate.

Debate: Who is stupid, stupid or smart?

The positive side: stupid people are stupid.

The opposing side: wise and unwise.

Excerpts from arguments:

The positive side: stupid people are stupid.

The two mountains are majestic and tall, and it is difficult to remove them; Gong Yu was ninety years old and died before the mountain moved. How to enjoy it? The whole family is weak, with only one child of seven or eight years old to help; Backward tools, knocking on stones to dig, loading earth and stone with dustpans, are transported to distant mountains; It's a long way. Transport earthwork to the end of Bohai Sea, north of Tibetan soil.

The opposing side: wise and unwise.

Gong Yu felt the pain of pedantry and had the spirit of hard struggle; Refers to the south of Henan, reaching Hanyin, knowing the benefits of moving mountains, and being mentally prepared for long-term struggle; With the support of children and grandchildren, the movement of moving mountains started smoothly; Deeply understand the principle of flow, children and grandchildren are infinite, mountains do not increase, and there is a view of development and change; Touching the Heaven Emperor to move mountains shows the great strength and touching spirit of Gong Yu to move mountains. A wise man stops when he knows a difficulty, but does nothing. A fool moves mountains. It's really stupid.

Teacher's summary: After a heated debate, it has become an indisputable fact that fools are wise and old, that is, fools are not stupid and wise men are not wise.

2. Q: This is an old fable. What does the success story of moving mountains in Gong Yu mean?

Students discuss and communicate.

Example: To overcome difficulties, we must make up our minds. As long as we persist, success will eventually belong to us.

Do anything. Everyone should have firm faith, perseverance and perseverance.

Size, more or less relative, can be transformed into its own opposite, as well as success and failure.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) assigns homework.

Talk about the ancient and modern meanings of the following words:

Punishment, Yang, Yin, Zhu and Mao, all the time.

Second lesson

First, read aloud in different roles to understand the attitude of the characters.

1, reading guide, to understand the different attitudes of characters to moving mountains.

(1) The wife of the foolish old man and the wise old man said the same thing. Can they be read in the same tone and intonation?

I can't. The wife of the silly old man is offering doubts and caring about her husband; Zhisou laughed it off, showing extreme contempt and ridicule.

(2) What is the attitude of descendants and sons of Beijing? What words do you see?

The promiscuity of children and grandchildren shows that everyone is very enthusiastic and actively involved; The son of a family in Beijing jumped out to help, which shows the child's naive and enthusiastic participation attitude.

2. Q: How to understand the mythical ending of the text?

Students speak freely.

Health 1: This is the reflection of the author's superstitious thoughts.

Health 2: This reflects the limitations of the author class.

Health 3: This is the affirmation and praise of Gong Yu's great strength and spirit, and it also expresses the ancient people's desire to fight against nature and win with the help of imagination and myth. At the end of this myth, the artistic effect of the story is enhanced, and the image of Gong Yu Yishan is more tall and touching.

Teacher's teaching: Myth is different from superstition. Under the extremely underdeveloped social conditions, people can only imagine that a god with superhuman strength can help mankind conquer nature. This mythical ending reflects the good wishes of the ancient working people.

Second, read the text carefully and grasp the artistic characteristics of this article.

On contrast and contrast skills;

Students discuss and make it clear that there are many contrasts in the article, such as the comparison between Yu Gong and Zhi Gong, the comparison between the sons of people in Beijing and Zhi Gong, and the comparison between Yu Gong and Zhi Gong's wife. Gong Yu has the ambition to reach southern Henan and Hanyin to benefit the people and future generations, and has the firm belief of inexhaustible human resources; Zhisou only saw the power of nature, but did not see the greatness of human resources. He thinks it's a bad move for stupid people to move mountains. In contrast, one is noble and the other is mediocre. When the son of a noble family in Beijing heard that Gong Yu moved mountains, he jumped out to help, but Zhisou laughed it off. In contrast, Zhicuo's point of view is modest, and he is indifferent to the cause that benefits thousands of people. Yugong's wife cares about her husband and asks reasonable questions; Zhisou shows extreme contempt and ridicule, which is beyond words and beyond the realm.

There are also many examples in the article, such as describing the heights of Taihang Mountain and Wuwangshan Mountain, the long distance of earth transportation, and returning home once a year to show the heroic spirit of Yugong, which shows the hardships of moving mountains. Gong Yu's unshakable determination is also reflected by his fear of writing snake gods and his feelings for the Emperor of Heaven.

Third, study the text, summarize and sublimate.

The teacher asked: Do we still need the spirit of ignorance in this era?

Students speak and teachers summarize:

The essence of the foolish old man's spirit is to overcome all difficulties and never stop until you reach your goal. Our times still need this spirit. If everyone only seeks immediate benefits, where will there be the successful launch of Shenzhou VI, the prevention and treatment of SARS and avian influenza? Where can there be China's brilliant achievements in the past ten years? Where will there be the development of the times and the progress of mankind? Let's take the torch from Yugong, ignite wisdom and light the way forward. Chase the sun tomorrow!

Fourth, students read together.

End full-text learning

Verb (abbreviation for verb) assigns homework.

1. Where there is a will, there is a way ── Write a review on "Fools Go to the Public".

3. The knowledge point of "Yu Gong Yi Shan" in Lesson 22 of the first volume of the eighth grade Chinese.

First, literary common sense This article is selected from Liezi Tang Wen. Liezi preserved many ancient fables and myths and legends. Liezi, named Kou, also known as Yukou, was one of the representatives of Taoism in the early Warring States period.

Second, the keyword explanation

(1) years and ninety years

And: near

(2) punish Shanbei.

Plug: blocked

(C) in and out of pedantic also

Tortuous: tortuous, circuitous.

(4) Get together in a room and look for Yue.

Room: home

(5) You and I fight fairly.

Ru: You.

(6) Mixed commitment

Miscellaneous: one after another

X: I agree.

(7) the wife offered doubt yue

Question: ask questions.

(8) Have the power of the monarch

By: by

Jun: Your address to the other person is equivalent to "you"

(9) it is impossible to destroy the mountain of the chief father.

Zeng: Even ...

Loss: decrease

Hill: mound

How about Taihang and Wu Wang?

He: About what? ...

(1 1) and how to place earthwork.

And: conjunction, in addition.

Interrogative pronoun, where?

(12) At the end of the Bohai Sea

Zhu: Right.

(13) Then he led his descendants to bear the burden of three husbands.

H: carry

Husband: A grown man.

( 14)

Knock: To knock or chisel.

( 15)

Change your teeth.

(16) It's easy to celebrate in cold and summer.

Yi: Exchange.

Festival: season

(17) Your heart is solid, and it is solid.

Mind: thought

Stubborn: stubborn

Car: child

(18) Children and grandchildren are infinitely poor.

Chamber of secrets: exhaustion

(19) ordered kwae's second son to take the second mountain.

Negative: return

Third, interchangeable words.

(1) What a pity.

It is clever to communicate with Hui.

(2) the opposite start.

"Reverse" to "Return", round trip

(3) The meandering branch measures die in response.

"Death" means "nothing", nothing.

(4) a new east, a new south.

"Cuo" means "Cuo", which means placing.

(5) No long rest.

"Long" leads to "long", highland

Fourth, understand the content of the text.

(1) The word "smile" in "Hequ Zhisuo Zhixiao" indicates that Zhisuo is not wise or thinks he is smart; The "sigh" in "Gong Yu in Beishan" shows that Gong Yu is not stupid, but still has a plan; "Laughter" and "long breath" belong to the expression description of characters.

(2) Are the meanings of "mixed commitment" and "wife's suspicion" contradictory? Why?

Not contradictory. "Mixed feelings" shows that Gong Yu's proposal to move mountains has won everyone's support; The wife's questioning is out of concern for the foolish old man, not against the foolish old man moving mountains.

(3) Judging from the tone of Yugong's wife and Zhishao, what is the difference between their attitudes towards Yugong Yishan? What effect did what these two people said have on the development of the plot?

Gong Yu's wife's words are relevant. She is not opposed to moving mountains, but only proposes to solve the problem of "how to place stones".

(2) Zhisou's words were contemptuous (or sarcastic, sarcastic, reproachful and suspicious), which prevented Gong Yu from moving mountains.

(3) The former's "offering doubts" leads to the discussion of soil movement. (4) The latter's "Stop Laughing" caused Yu Gong's rebuttal.

(4) distinctive characters:

Gong Yu (he is still wise, far-sighted, fearless and persistent) is a wise man with lofty aspirations, firm belief in overcoming difficulties and a correct understanding of the relationship between man and nature. Zhisou is an image of a fool who thinks he is smart. He looked down on Yugong, opposed to moving mountains, was short-sighted, did nothing, was good at being a teacher, and was disgusting.