Interpretation of the second volume of the eighth grade Chinese textbook

The design of Chinese textbooks for the eighth grade is divided into six units, of which the fourth unit is activity inquiry unit, and the third and sixth units are ancient poetry units. Consistent with the arrangement of the first volume of the eighth grade, two units are locked for the study and interpretation of ancient poetry. This book has a large reading volume and a long length, so it has higher requirements for students in memorization and dictation.

From the specific content, the first unit is "Folk Custom". The content includes two reading texts of Social Opera and Back to Yan 'an, and two self-reading texts of Ansai Waist Drum and Lantern. The writing of this unit is imitation. On the basis of studying the famous articles in this unit, students should be trained to imitate writing. I have imitated writing phrases and sentences before, and now I want to imitate famous articles further. Of course, this requires students to understand the language characteristics and highlights of famous articles in the process of speaking and reading. In the first unit, students should master the author's comprehensive use of various expressions, analyze words and feel the feelings behind the language given by the author. Therefore, in the teaching process, we should focus on explaining the expression and function in lectures and reading of the first and second courses to students, and what is important is the awarding method. In the third and fourth classes, self-study can be used as training content for students to complete, which also links the teaching and reading of texts with the training of composition.

The second unit is "popular science explanation" unit. The writing of this unit is "the order of explanation", and all four classes are expository. The fifth lesson, Language of Nature, can be said to be a model of expository writing. In the sixth lesson, Asimov's two short essays, Dinosaurs Everywhere and Shattered Sand, let students gain popular science knowledge from them, and also train their own explanation methods here. Attention should be paid to sorting out the explanation order of the article, reading the things expounded in the article, learning the basic methods of analysis and reasoning, and stimulating students' interest in scientific inquiry. Therefore, when teaching this unit, we should infiltrate the writing skills and the order of instructions into the article, so that students can appreciate learning and apply it to their own compositions to practice and apply what they have learned.

The third unit is "Classical Chinese and American Chinese". These three notes, Peach Blossom Garden, Little Stone Pond and Nuclear Boat, are all famous, and Guan Ju and Jia Jian in The Book of Songs are excellent works in classical Chinese. Let students know the content, feel the natural beauty and happy life in ancient poetry, feel the exquisite craftsmanship and unique craftsman spirit of China, and let us feel and understand the thoughts, interests and wisdom of the ancients, and be influenced and infected by beauty. In this unit, students should read repeatedly, and learn to analyze and accumulate exquisite classical Chinese in understanding the general idea and connotation of poetry. The writing of this unit is "Learn to write after reading", which has been trained in the first volume of Grade 7 and Grade 8. Therefore, it is necessary to further standardize students' writing skills after reading and take it as the key writing training.

The fourth unit is "activity inquiry" unit. This unit studies speech, so that students can perceive the content of speech, master the characteristics of speech and understand the types of speech. After learning these in the text, they can apply the skills they have learned to their own writing and learn to write speeches. This unit will hold a practical activity-speech contest, and apply the skills students have learned to their own speeches. In addition to the skills of writing speeches, students should also be guided to pay attention to speech etiquette, posture and expression, body language and so on.

The fifth unit is "Natural Scenery", which consists of four texts: Hukou Waterfall, Gladanton at the source of the Yangtze River, Mont Blanc and a drop of water passing through Lijiang. Learn about the landscape and cultural attractions of the motherland and feel the author's emotions in the study of words. As the saying goes, "read thousands of books and travel on Wan Li Road", tourism is also a way to know the world and another variant of reading. Therefore, this unit should focus on learning the characteristics of travel notes, grasping the perspective and methods of the author's travel notes and scenery writing, and paying attention to taste, appreciation and accumulation in language to guide the writing of this unit's travel notes.

The sixth unit is also a classical Chinese unit, but it emphasizes "philosophical feelings" and the selected articles are all traditional masterpieces. Among them, there is a desire for freedom, and there is an expectation for study and life and an ideal society, such as Zhuangzi and The Book of Rites. If you are wronged, you will cry, such as Han Yu's Ma Shuo; There is sympathy for people's livelihood, such as three Tang poems. Learning this unit should accumulate classical Chinese notes on the basis of repeated reading and cultivate a sense of classical Chinese language. More importantly, we should learn from the ancient people's reasoning skills, understand their life feelings, and get ideological enlightenment and emotional edification.

In addition to text and writing, this textbook also has two oral communication classes. The first unit has a "response" in oral communication. Usually, we have oral training before class, and students should master coping skills as needed. Unit 5 There is also an impromptu speech in oral communication. For oral English class, we should put oral English training into practice. Students are in different States during speeches and speeches at ordinary times, emphasizing the importance of impromptu speeches. Therefore, we should decide what to say and how to say it in class according to the specific background, and take the people, things, scenes, things and feelings at that time as the starting point to make our words appropriate, which can always be regarded as the key training.

This textbook has a guide to reading famous books, which is bounded by the senior high school entrance examination. There are famous books to read in the first half of the semester and the second half of the semester. In the reading guidance of Letters from Fu Lei, we should learn the reading method of selective reading, read the Sophie's World by Jostan Gard independently, and Zhu Guangqian's 12 Letters to Youth can be put into practice. In the second half of the semester, "How Steel is Tempered" mainly trains students to take notes. In the aspect of self-recommendation, Zhong's Ordinary World and Roman Roland's Who's Who also require students to read, make simple excerpts and take notes to develop good reading habits.

There are eight extracurricular ancient poems in this volume, including Bauhinia Exhibition, Farewell to Du Fu, Deputy Ambassador to Shu, A Letter from Dongting Lake to Premier Zhang before the Mid-term Examination, Meditation at the Broken Mountain Temple after the Mid-term Examination, Farewell to Friends, No Work, Life and Work in Dinghuiyuan, Huangzhou, No Work, etc. These eight extracurricular ancient poems all require students to understand the contents of the poems, recite them and write them from memory. In addition, three comprehensive studies are designed in this textbook, namely, Unit 2 "Advocating a Low-carbon Life", Unit 3 "Strolling in the Garden of Ancient Poetry" and Unit 6 "Harmony is Valuable" to ensure that students can be effectively guided to learn. Practice the concept of "from life to study" in Chinese learning, so that students can realize the usefulness and practicability of learning Chinese.

The contents of textbook design include intensive reading, self-reading of texts, writing, oral communication, comprehensive learning, extracurricular reading of ancient poems, reading of famous works and activity exploration. There are many design sections and rich contents. Therefore, in the teaching process, we must teach students in accordance with their aptitude, adjust teaching methods according to the contents of textbooks and the actual situation of students, choose the most favorable way for students to accept and learn, and strive to base ourselves on the foundation, extend extracurricular activities, learn methods and benefit for life.