English knowledge

The subject is the main body of the sentence narrative and can be borne by nouns, pronouns, numerals, nominalized adjectives, infinitives, gerunds and subject clauses.

The predicate describes the action or characteristics and status of the subject. The predicate is carried by the verb.

The object is the object or recipient of the action, often located after a transitive verb or preposition. The object can be served by nouns, pronouns, numerals, nominalized adjectives, infinitives, gerunds, object clauses, etc.

Subject and predicate are the two major components of an English sentence. Except for a few sentences (such as imperative sentences and exclamatory sentences, etc.), a sentence must have the meaning expressed by both the subject and the predicate to be complete. The subject refers to the predicate and is the subject of a sentence. The predicate is used to explain the subject's situation and provide information for the subject. For example: They are working. The subject is they, so what are they doing? It seems that it is not possible without the predicate are working. Under normal circumstances, the positions of the subject and predicate in English are consistent with those in Chinese, that is to say, the subject comes first and the predicate follows closely. So, I will tell you which words can be used as subjects and predicates, when subject and predicate are inverted, and how the subject and predicate agree.

1. Which words can serve as subjects

1. Nouns

For example: A mooncake is a delicious, round cake.

The first truck is carrying a few baskets.

The temperature will stay above zero.

The doctor looked over Mrs. Brown very carefully.

China does not want to copy the USA's example.

2, pronouns

For example: It's a young forest.

I don't know if it will grow.

That's a bit expensive.

You'd better buy a new pair.

I'm afraid we haven't got any black shoes.

For example: One and two is three.

One is not enough for me. I want one more.

One of them is English.

Suddenly one of the bags fell off the truck.

Two will be enough.

4, infinitive (often It's adj. to do sth. form)

For example: To give is better than to receive =Its better to give.

I found it difficult to get to sleep.

It's glad to see you again.

It was difficult to see.

But it's good to swim in summer.

5, IT is the subject, there is The following situations:

1) Refers to the thing just mentioned: What's this? It's a bus. (referring to what)

2) Refers to something you don't know or can't judge People of clear gender: Who's knocking the door? It's me. (referring to who)

Who's the baby in the picture? It's my sister. (referring to who)

3) Indicates time, weather, distance:

What's the time? It's eight o'clock. (time)

What's it going to be tomorrow? It's going to be rainy. (weather)

How far is it? It's about one kilometre away. (distance)

6. In the There be sentence pattern caused by THERE, be is the predicate, and the subject comes after.

For example:

There are many different kinds of mooncakes.

There will be a strong wind.

2. Predicate

The predicate is Verb composition, predicates can be divided into simple predicates and compound predicates according to their complexity in the sentence. Regardless of tense, voice, or mood, any predicate composed of a verb (or verb phrase) is a simple predicate. For example:

I like walking. (Present tense active voice)

I made your birthday cake last night. (Simple past tense active voice)

It is used by travelers and business people all over the world. (Simple present tense passive voice)

Compound predicates can also be divided into two situations:

The first is A compound predicate composed of modal verbs, auxiliary verbs + infinitives without to:

What does this word mean?

I won't do it again.

I'll go and move away the bag of rice with Lin Tao.

You'd better catch a bus.

The second type is expressed by the linking verb + A compound predicate composed of words. For example:

You look the same.

We are all here.

The weather gets wamer, and the days get longer.

Keep quite and listen to me.

He looked worried.

We have to be up early in the moming.

Is Bill in?

School Is over. Let's go home.

My pen is in my bag.

I feel terrible.

I* fell tried all the time.

He seemed rather tired last night.

Linking verbs and predicates are closely related in meaning and should not be separated; knowledge about the types of verbs is already available in textbooks Introduction, not much to say here.

3. The consistency between the subject and the predicate

The consistency between the subject and the predicate of an English sentence is one of the differences between English and Chinese. Specifically, it has the following characteristics:

1. The predicate verb should be consistent with the subject in person and number. For example:

Now the teacher comes into the classroom.

This sentence is in the present tense, and the subject the teacher is the third person singular, so the predicate verb come should be added with s.

One morming she was working at her desk in the library when a boy came in. This sentence is a subject-subordinate compound sentence. The main clause is in the past continuous tense, and the subordinate clause is in the simple past tense. The subject she in the main clause is the third person. Singular, so the predicate is was working.

1) When the subject contains and, if it expresses a single concept, the predicate verb is often singular (especially when and connects two uncountable nouns), otherwise Use plural.

For example:

One and three is four. Both before and after And are numbers, indicating the same concept, and the predicate verb should be is.

Tea and milk is my favorite drink. In this question, tea and Milk refers to a kind of drink, so the predicate uses is.

Tom and Li Lei are my best friends. Tom and Li Lei are two completely different people with different characteristics, so the predicate is are.

2) When the subject is the infinitive of the verb, its predicate is usually in the singular form. Such as:

To give is better than to receive.

It was difficult to see.

It's best to wear cool clothes.

Similarly, the gerund is the subject and the predicate verb is also singular. I only learned one sentence in junior high school:

It (playing) is much better than having classes.

3) Uncountable nouns serve as subjects, and predicate verbs are treated as singular. For example:

The best time to come to China is autumn.

The weather in England never gets too hot.

4) Add before the plural of the last name The means a family, and the predicate verb is plural. For example:

What time do the Reads have breakfast? The subject is the Reads, which means the Reads family, and the predicate verb is do….have.

5) Plural nouns expressing time As the subject, it is often treated as a whole, and its predicate verb is in singular form. For example:

Two months is quite a long time.

6) In the calculation formula "how many plus what equals how many", the predicate verb is often singular. For example:

Twenty and forty is sixty.

Subject and predicate

7) Some nouns that express disciplines are used as subjects, no matter what the ending is, the predicate verb All are considered singular. For example:

Maths is my favorite subject.

Subject-Predicate

8) Each and compound pronouns composed of some, any, no, and every are used as subjects, The predicate verb is singular. For example:

There's something wrong with my ears!

Predicate subject

Everyone is going into class.

Subject predicate

9) What, who which and other words are used as subjects, and the form of the predicate verb depends on the meaning. For example:

What is this? (this is the singular, use is)

What are these? (these is the plural, use are)

Which is your friend? Who is your friend?

Which are your friends? Who are your friends?

10) None is used as the subject, and its predicate can be singular or plural. This project is not the focus of junior high school, so it will not be discussed.

11) People, Chinese, Japanese are used as subjects, and the predicate verb is plural.

For example:

There are four people in my family.

Predicator

The chinese people are very friendly.

12) population When it is used as the subject and refers to "population", the predicate is singular; when it is preceded by a modifier indicating quantity, the predicate is plural; the third volume of the textbook only requires mastering the situation of the predicate when talking about "population":

What's the population of Germany?

predicated subject

What was the population of the world in 1950?

predicated subject

Half of the population of China are women.

Modifier subject

2. Two parallel components connected by either …or or neither …nor serve as the subject, and the predicate verb form is the same as The latter subject remains consistent. For example: Either Lily or Lucy is going to come. (Either Lily or Lucy can go. The latter subject Lucy is the third person singular, and the predicate is going to come.)

Either I or he does well in English. Both my English and his are pretty good.

Neither I nor she likes swimming. Neither I nor she likes swimming.

For sentences containing more than one subject introduced by these and here, the form of the predicate verb is determined by the form of the subject closest to the predicate. Such as:

These is a pen, two rulers and three books on the desk.

Here are some cups, a glass and some pears on

Sentence Components:

The basic components that make up a sentence are called sentence components. Sentence components can be divided into subject, predicate, object, predicate, attributive, adverbial, and appositive. They can be represented by words, phrases, and sentences.

Subject

The subject is the person or thing to be expressed and described in a sentence, and is the main body of the sentence.

I workhere.

I work here.

Sheisanewteacher.

She is a new teacher.

Heisinchargeofalimitedcompany.

He is in charge of a limited company.

The subject can be served by nouns, pronouns, numerals, verb infinitives, gerunds, nominal adjectives, participles, clauses, phrases, etc.

Thebookisonthedesk.

The book is on the table.

Igetanidea.

I have an idea.

Two and two are four.

Two plus two equals four.

Smoking is bad to health.

Smoking is bad to health.

The wounded have been sent to the hospital.

The wounded have been sent to the hospital.

Whentobeginisnotknownyet.

It is not known when it will begin.

WhatIknowisimportant.

What I know is important.

Predicate The predicate is used to describe what action the subject has done or what state it is in.

The predicate can be taken by a verb and is usually placed after the subject.

The child has been brought up by his mother.

The child has been brought up by his mother.

Wedon'tknowhimverywell.

We don't know him very well.

ShespeaksEnglishfluently.

She speaks English fluently.

Predicative predicatives are used to describe the nature, identity, characteristics and status of the subject. The predicate must be combined with the linking verb to form the compound predicate of the sentence. Predicatives are usually placed after the linking verb. Predicates can be served by nouns, adjectives, or words and phrases that function as nouns and adjectives.

Thesedeskssarayellow.

These desks are yellow.

Iamallright.

I'm fine.

Wearehappynow.

We are happy now.

It'sover.

The time has come.

Sheisten.

She is ten years old.

MyworkisteachingEnglish,

My job is to teach English.

The dictionary is in the bag.

The dictionary is in the bag.

Myquestionishowyouknewhim.

My question is how did you know him.

Object

The object is the object involved in the predicate action. It is the recipient of the action. The object can be a noun or a component that plays the role of a noun. The object is usually placed after the predicate verb. .

Isawacatinthetree.

I saw a cat on the tree.

I want to go shopping.

I want to go shopping.

He said he could be here.

He said he would come.

Wethinkyouareright.

We think you are right.

Some transitive verbs can have two objects. One object usually refers to a person, and the other object refers to an object. The object that refers to a person is called an indirect object, and the object that refers to an object is called a direct object. It can take two objects. Verbs include bring, give, show, send, pass, tell, etc. The indirect object is usually placed in front of the direct object. If the direct object is emphasized, the direct object can be placed in front of the indirect object, but "to" must be added before the indirect object.

Myfatherboughtmeabook.

My father bought me a book.

Givetherubbertome.

Give me the eraser.

PleasegivethelettertoXiaoLi.

Please give this letter to XiaoLi.

In addition to an object, some transitive verbs also need to add an object complement, otherwise the meaning will be incomplete. Together, they form a compound object. The object in the compound object and the following object complement have a logical relationship. The subject-predicate relationship is also the basis for judging whether it is two objects or a compound object. The object can be a noun or a word that functions as a noun.

WeallcallhimLaoWang.

We all call him Lao Wang.

Pleasecoloritred.

Please color it red.

We found the little girl in the hill.

We found the little girl in the hill.

Attributive words used to describe the nature, characteristic range, etc. of nouns, pronouns, phrases or clauses are called attributives. Attributives can be served by nouns, adjectives and words and phrases that function as nouns and adjectives.

If the attributive is a single word, the attributive is placed before the word being modified; if it is a phrase, the attributive is placed after the word being modified.

That is a beautiful flower.

That is a beautiful flower.

TheTVsetmadeinthatfactoryisverygood.

The TV set made in that factory is very good.

Thisismybook, notyourbook.

This is my book, not your book.

There are more than twenty trees in our school

school.

There are more than twenty trees in our school.

I have a lot of things to do.

I have a lot of things to do.

Ourcountry is developing country.

Our country is a developing country.

Adverbials: Words that describe the time, place, reason, purpose, result, condition, accompanying situation, degree, etc. of something happening are called adverbials. Adverbials can be served by adverbs, phrases and clauses.