Example of social work: community-based rehabilitation work

Community-oriented. It is hoped that the rehabilitation work will achieve community integration through the participation of the disabled themselves, their family members, neighbors, community leaders and even the whole community, and provide care and support for the disabled in need.

Second, the target audience

Liangjing Village in Tuen Mun was used as a pilot project. The village is a newly built public housing village with a total population of about 52,. Most of the residents who live there are compassionate people who arrange to stay. Among them, the single elderly, the disabled, the mentally recovered and single-parent families account for the majority.

Due to the limited manpower (one trained social worker, one welfare worker and one civilian), the task force can only focus on serving single elderly people and the disabled. In addition to the above two types of clients, the mentally handicapped are also the clients of this scheme.

III. Objectives and work focus of the plan

It is expected that the following aspects will be positively improved through effective work:

1. Changes in behavior and social functions of the disabled;

2. The degree of life satisfaction of families with disabilities;

3. The relationship between disabled people and their neighbors;

4. The acceptance of the disabled in the community.

In line with the above objectives, there are the following work priorities:

A. Personal training: provide simple self-care skills and rehabilitation skills training for the disabled, and also help them develop their personal talents.

B. Training and development of volunteers: Recruit a group of people who are interested in rehabilitation through different forms and provide them with basic training so that they can make regular visits or provide services for the disabled. Volunteers can come from different ages and classes.

C. establish and strengthen informal networks in the community: help disabled people to establish social networks, and also help their family members to establish mutual help networks.

D. Motivate community resources: Community resources include local leaders, community facilities, public institutions, financial support, etc. It is expected that the needs and difficulties of the disabled will be met and solved through the cooperation of different resources.

e. establish and strengthen community rights and interests initiatives: help the disabled to put forward their needs and help them deal with local political groups.

iv. working strategy

1. in the first stage

the task force first publicized itself in the district. Therefore, before the formal implementation of the service, a district steering committee was set up, and its members included district board members, district urban council members, representatives of the Social Welfare Department, principals of special schools, middle school principals, directors of pre-school training centers, community leaders and so on. The main tasks of the Committee are to assist in strategic work, provide advice and seek financial support. As members come from different service units, they can collect opinions from many aspects.

There is a working group under the steering committee, and the members of the working group are not only several employed staff of the task force, but also representatives from different departments of Yan 'ai Hall (an assisting organization). The working group is mainly to explore service targets, plan work strategies and implement services.

after the establishment of the working group, the service was officially implemented. At first, the task force recruited a group of young colleagues in the district to conduct a door-to-door questionnaire survey in the housing village, with the aim of discovering some potential clients. While understanding the situation in the area, we also casually publicize the work of the task force to the residents. Apart from identifying clients through questionnaires, the task force also received assistance from the Housing Department and provided some information on disabled residents.

based on the preliminary information obtained from the questionnaire survey, the task force conducted home visits, with the aim of getting a deeper understanding of the disability and needs of the clients. At this stage, the staff has established a preliminary relationship with the clients through home visits by stages.

At the same time, the task force also began to recruit some housewives in the village to join the volunteer group. At first, the participants' main mentality was to kill time. Secondly, they thought that the disabled and the elderly living alone were more worthy of sympathy. In addition, the clients were also local residents, and some even their neighbors, so they were very willing to provide services for the disabled in the region. The staff provided service skills training for the team members and gave some rehabilitation knowledge. Afterwards, the team members began to go home with the staff to understand the needs and living conditions of the clients. Team members also began to organize some recreational activities, inviting visitors to participate, thus establishing a preliminary relationship with each other. The team members also solve some difficulties in daily life for individual disabled people and elderly people living alone, such as shopping, assisting in medical treatment and cleaning the home.

In addition to attracting women in the district to join the ranks of voluntary work, the task force also tried to attract some young volunteers through publicity in the district, mainly by contacting middle schools in the district. Finally, the task force successfully recruited a group of young students. The main motivation of the participants was to sympathize with the disabled and think that they were a group neglected by society, so they were willing to provide services for them.

the direction of the task force in developing youth volunteer groups is different from that of developing women volunteer groups. Most members of the women volunteer group come from the housing villages they serve. They have a sense of belonging to their housing villages, so it is easy to cultivate the spirit of mutual assistance. The members of the youth volunteer group are mostly from outside the village. They don't know much about the housing estates they serve, and in an unstable period, they may only participate for a short time. Therefore, the development direction of the group focuses on organizing some community education work, so that community members can get to know each other better through different types of activities.

In addition to young and women volunteers, the task force also explored some potential elderly volunteers to assist in the strategy and implementation of activities. The main reason for the development of elderly volunteers is that there are many elderly people living alone among the clients, and there will be more topics for the elderly to share with each other, and it will be easier for them to understand each other's needs. Therefore, training elderly leaders will be of great help to the implementation of services.

The strategies of professionals are also very important to the implementation of district rehabilitation programs, especially in the rehabilitation process of the disabled. Therefore, the task force also tried to invite doctors, physiotherapists and dentists in some districts to help organize some rehabilitation activities and provide free professional guidance and treatment for the disabled people in need.

On the whole, the initial stage of the task force's service implementation mainly focused on discovering clients and understanding their needs, so as to develop effective human resources and provide appropriate services to those in need.

2. The second stage

The main working strategy in this stage is to assist the clients to establish a community support network; Carry out community education to make people in the district know more about the disabled; Strengthen the connection of community resources in the region.

At this stage, clients have taken the initiative to seek assistance and are willing to open themselves up. Therefore, the task force began to help them organize and establish a support network. For the disabled, the community support network can include the neighbors, friends, voluntary groups and organizations providing services. Because most of the disabled people served by the task force are single, and a community support network has been established within the living area.

First of all, the task force set up a mutual aid group for the disabled in the form of a building, so the members of the group all come from the same building. On the one hand, the purpose of the group is to help the members expand their life and social circle, on the other hand, to cultivate the spirit of mutual assistance among the members. Not all members of the group are disabled, but some are in good health. As the team members are residents of the same building, they have more contact opportunities and are more likely to help each other when they are in urgent need. It turns out that this type of group is very popular with the clients, and some members with service potential can be discovered in the group, and some of them can actively help the members solve their difficulties in life.

The task force not only helps the disabled to establish a mutual aid network, but also helps them to establish a mutual aid foundation at the neighborhood level, hence the emergence of the "Mutual Aid Clock" program. The purpose is to install a distress bell for some disabled people and elderly people living alone in the village. When the victim has a crisis or accident at home, he can immediately notify his neighbors through the distress signal sent by the mutual help bell, so as to get help as soon as possible. Of course, before installing this device, neighbors should know the purpose and significance of this device before it can play its role. And the general neighbors expressed their willingness to help when they heard the emergency bell ring. It can be seen that this arrangement can help the disabled to establish a mutual aid network from the neighbor level.

community education is very important to make people in the community have a better understanding and acceptance of the disabled. The task force also promotes community education in various forms in the district, such as exhibitions of rehabilitation materials, essay competitions, slogan creation competitions, fun-sharing and so on. The task force also understands that recreational activities in some units alone may not make participants know more about the disabled. Therefore, the task force also pays attention to some more in-depth educational activities, which means that the activities will be more coherent, not only focusing on cognition, but also on the participation of the disabled and healthy people.

It is a long-term educational work to make people in the community know more about the disabled, so as to accept them as normal members of the community. The object of education should be community people of any age, not just adults. Establishing a correct attitude towards the disabled can be cultivated since childhood. Therefore, the task force tried to contact the primary schools in the district, invited them to cooperate, and encouraged Primary Six students to participate in some activities for the disabled and healthy people, so as to understand the situation of the disabled through information introduction, field visits and * * *. Participants will naturally have a deeper impression after personal contact, and they may pass the message to their family members or friends. This radiation method can more effectively convey information and play an educational role.

At this stage, the task force has been more proactive in contacting different types of service organizations in the district and inviting them to jointly organize some services for the disabled. Initially, these organizations provided experimental services in the form of cooperation. For example, volunteer groups of youth centers tried to organize outdoor activities for the disabled, and volunteer groups of some organizations also carried out household cleaning for elderly people living alone and the disabled. These services and their successful examples and good experience often make these institutions more willing to continue to provide services for the disabled in the future.

3. Phase III

The third phase of the plan can be said to be the consolidation period and review period of the service. During this period, the staff began to train the service team to plan their own services and how to make the annual work plan of the team according to the needs of the clients, and the training team operated independently. Obviously, the group has been able to fully grasp the characteristics and needs of the clients at this time, and can carry out some regular services on its own.

Reward some outstanding volunteers through the commendation scheme, so as to raise their spirit of mutual assistance to a higher level, thus affirming their past contributions. The clients and volunteers not only shared their feelings at the end of the project, but also put forward specific opinions on the review of the whole project.

5. Difficulties

1. Rehabilitation often involves a lot of professional medical knowledge, which cannot be answered by a social worker. Especially when setting the rehabilitation needs of the disabled, the intervention of professional medical workers is the most appropriate, and their family members, neighbors, friends and even volunteers can only provide some simple care and spiritual support. Therefore, it is very necessary for a rehabilitation team to join some medical professionals.

2. At the initial stage of service implementation, due to the high mobility of the staff, the team has not been able to establish a good relationship with the clients, and the trial plan is limited by time, so the staff are under great work pressure.

3. As this is a non-government subsidy scheme, and the sponsorship fee of the Jockey Club does not predict that the team will have its own office or center, the staff can only borrow the places of other service units, which makes it difficult for the clients to contact or contact with the staff. Sometimes, some services need to be shelved because the venue is not properly arranged.

4. Because this plan needs to take into account three different types of clients at the same time, the resources are scattered.

VI. Summary

The community-based rehabilitation program can be said to be a non-facility-based work orientation, and most of the resources needed by the clients can also be met from different levels in the community. However, whether the community can provide care for the disabled in need depends on the acceptability of the community to the disabled and the degree of its willingness to take responsibility. Therefore, community education is very important. Only when the community pays attention to the needs of the disabled can they get the allocation of resources, and the disabled can get equal participation and their personal potential can be brought into play.