What are the three reforms in rural areas?

The three reforms in rural areas refer to:

1. Toilet renovation, to promote farmers to build sanitary toilets, and to encourage farmers to build household sanitary toilets.

2. Improve stoves, promote the use of energy-saving stoves and new biogas stoves, and promote the use of new clean energy.

3. Change the guest room.

What is the three-change reform in rural areas:

The "three-change" reform in rural areas means turning resources into assets, turning funds into shares, and turning farmers into shareholders.

Converting resources into assets refers to converting the use rights of legal collective land, forest land, trees, waters, wetlands, idle houses, equipment and other resources into new business entities through certain forms of investment, and obtaining share rights. ;

The conversion of funds into shares refers to the financial funds at all levels and departments invested in rural development, production and support (excluding direct financial subsidies, social security, preferential treatment and pensions, relief and disaster relief, emergency funds, etc.) , in accordance with the respective usage management regulations and national policy requirements such as the overall and integrated use of fiscal support funds for agriculture and asset income poverty alleviation in poor counties, the shares held by village collectives or farmers are quantified and invested centrally in various business entities to enjoy share rights according to Gains from shareholding ratio;

Farmers becoming shareholders refers to farmers voluntarily using land (forest land) contract management rights, forest ownership, collective asset equity, housing property rights (including homestead use rights), and their own production and operation facilities , large and medium-sized agricultural machinery, capital, technology, skills, labor force, intangible assets and other production factors, after negotiation or evaluation discount, invest in the business entity and enjoy share rights.

The "Thirteen steps, 32 links" of the "Three Changes" reform:

(1) Touch assets.

To implement the "Three Changes", the first step is to figure out what can be changed and in what form? Only by understanding these, can we know how large a platform to build and how large-scale appropriate operations can be carried out. Only then can farmers participate in the "three changes", become shareholders, and increase their income. There are two links here.

First, we must find out the stock of "three capitals". It is necessary to take the townships as the main body of responsibility and guide the pilot villages to form an asset verification working group to conduct a comprehensive inventory and verification of all resource assets, operating assets, and non-operating assets of the village (group), focusing on inventory and verification of those that have not been contracted to households. The resource assets and collectively unified operating assets, as well as cash, claims and debts, etc., must be carried out in accordance with operational procedures such as inventory, verification and disclosure, establishment of ledgers, review and filing, summary reporting, and inclusion in platform management. The work must adhere to democracy and openness, organize mass participation, supervision and approval, and the inventory results must be publicized, confirmed, and questions answered. This is the foundation of the "three changes" reform, which must be solid, and is also related to the effect of the "three changes" reform.

Second, we must distinguish variable capital. Once the stock is clear and what can be changed and what cannot be changed, it is necessary to scientifically divide resource assets, operating assets, non-operating assets and current assets from the "three capitals" of the village collective according to the conditions of "three changes" (Funds) and development funds invested by the finance into the village, an investment stock capital account will be established after consultation and evaluation.

(2) Determine identity.

First, we must find out the number of members of collective economic organizations and define the membership status.

The working group of the pilot villages is specifically responsible for the definition of membership status. The base date is determined by the pilot villages themselves and reported to the township “Three Changes” Office for filing. The definition of membership status should follow the basic principles of respecting history, taking into account reality, procedural standards and public approval, and follow the operating procedures of establishing an organization, issuing announcements, conducting preliminary registration, formulating plans, reviewing and publicizing, reporting and filing. The membership definition plan needs to be voted and approved by the villagers meeting.

(3) Share discount.

The capital invested in shares will be converted into shares and quantified to the members of the collective economic organization, and relevant systems for asset management and use will be established to make full preparations for investment in shares. Farmers' own variable capital shall be implemented with reference.

(4) Establish an organization.

Convene a villagers’ meeting or villagers’ representative assembly to elect a board of directors, board of supervisors, chairman (director), chief supervisor (supervisor), etc., establish a collective economic joint-stock cooperative, and formulate charters and various systems.

(5) Choose an industry.

For the "Three Changes" reform to realize its value, it is crucial to choose good industries that are in line with reality. If the industry is well chosen, development will be very smooth. If the industry is not chosen well, the "Three Changes" may fail. , it is necessary to formulate development plans on a village-by-village basis and achieve one village, one policy.

First, choose a good development direction. Towns, towns and villages should formulate personalized plans based on their own actual conditions and propose industries with good foundations and high potential as development directions. It is necessary to adapt measures to local conditions, village conditions and timely conditions. In particular, it is necessary to solve the problem of where the money comes from and what method to adopt to develop the industry.

The second is to organize expert demonstrations. The choice of industry is not decided by the party committee secretary or township head, nor by the village branch secretary or village director. It is the masses and the market that have the final say. Therefore, when choosing industries, we must be cautious and choose well. Counties and towns must organize relevant experts and technical personnel to conduct on-site surveys and provide guidance to help analyze and study local soil environment and climate conditions, and identify leading industries suitable for local development.

The third is to prepare an industrial development plan. It is necessary to take the village as a unit, pay close attention to research and planning, deeply explore its own development advantages and characteristics, rely on resources, be market-oriented, and take the village level as a unit to scientifically formulate industrial development plans. Each village must have a leading industry.

(6) Attract enterprises.

To expand a group, introduce a group, and create a new group, the key is to select good people, and talent is the key factor.

First, make good project reserves. Townships reserve a batch of "three changes" projects on a village-by-village basis, and each village has a "three changes" reform and development project library of no less than 2 projects.

Reserve projects must adhere to three principles: ① The principle of adapting measures to local conditions and being appropriately advanced. According to the national industrial policy and its own resource endowment, select projects with high technical content, good development prospects, construction foundation, and strong driving force for local development. In particular, we must focus on strengthening the reserves of agricultural public welfare and basic project construction. ② The principle of concentrating on advantageous products and advantageous areas, focusing on local leading industries and advantageous areas, highlighting infrastructure reserve projects such as science and technology promotion, large-scale and standardized production, industrial operations, market information systems, etc., to accelerate the improvement of the advantageous leading agricultural products industry level. ③ Select the best and implement it based on the principle of dynamic management. If the conditions of the project undertaking unit change and the projects that do not meet the option conditions are eliminated, they will be eliminated and withdrawn from the library in a timely manner. At the same time, in accordance with changes in national agricultural investment priorities and the direction of agricultural structural adjustment, the project library will be supplemented, improved and updated in a timely manner.

The second is to find partners for cooperation. According to the reserve projects, we should adopt the method of external introduction and internal cooperation, focusing on idle rural resources, assets and characteristic and advantageous industries, actively introduce leading enterprises, cooperatives and other business entities, and sign preliminary intention cooperation agreements.

The third is to determine the operating entity. Conduct actual inspections on the capital, technology, production and operation of enterprises with cooperation intentions, and select key partners after selection and comparison. The cooperative business entities will be determined after discussion and approval by the Villagers’ Congress.

(7) Lead farmers.

After selecting an industry, we must simultaneously guide farmers to actively use variable assets to invest in enterprises and participate in the "three changes." Judging from the current situation, farmers prefer the "blood transfusion" poverty alleviation and find it difficult to accept the "hematogenesis" poverty alleviation of equity participation. Therefore, the following work must be done well.

First, strengthen publicity. It is necessary to increase the publicity of the "three changes" reform policy through convening villagers' meetings and radio and television and other news media, and clearly explain the benefits and possible risks of the policy to the masses, so that they can know and understand the "three changes" , participate in the "Three Changes", invest in the "Three Changes", and enjoy the dividends brought by the "Three Changes" reform.

The second is extensive mobilization. Cadres of townships, towns, and village groups must go into villages, door to door, and door to door to carry out in-depth and meticulous ideological work among the masses, mobilize them to use their idle assets, resources, and funds to participate in the "three changes" and make the "three changes" a reality. "The results benefit more farmers.

The third is active guidance. Various methods should be adopted to actively guide the majority of farmers to invest in business entities with land contract management rights and their own funds, and actively participate in the "three changes" reform. In particular, poor households should be helped to become shareholders.

(8) Correct object.

Determine the "three changes" reform targets based on the ownership relationships and categories of variable capital.

First, the beneficiaries of the village collective asset investment are members of collective economic organizations.

Second, the investment of fiscal variable funds into shares shall be carried out in accordance with the "Operation Measures for Financial Funds into Shares", and in principle, the beneficiaries shall be determined according to the scope of policy support. When distributing benefits, we must try our best to take care of "poor households" (the village collective selects enterprises, cooperatives, family farms and other partners that are legally operated, have good economic benefits, and have broad development prospects based on the financial funds invested at the village level, and are approved by villagers' representatives. The cooperation partners will be determined after discussion and approval at the meeting)

The third is the independent control of the income from personal capital investment.

(9) Fixed funds.

There are three steps in determining the source of funds based on the project situation.

First, funds supported by financial projects shall be implemented according to project application procedures and shall not be used for other purposes.

The second is to implement self-raised capital through fund-raising.

Third, those who do not have their own funds can use credit loans or apply for guaranteed loans to secure funds according to the situation.

(10) Business-to-stock ratio.

Negotiate and determine the business-to-equity ratio based on asset evaluation

First, determine the content of the cooperation. According to the determined cooperation projects, negotiate cooperation methods, cooperation shares, share value, share ratio, profit distribution and other matters.

The second is to negotiate the share ratio. Village collectives, farmers and undertaking business entities shall reach an agreement through consultation among themselves in accordance with the relevant requirements for equity setting, share quantification and share ratio distribution. It is recommended that it be formulated through consultation based on asset evaluation.

The third is to make public announcements. If collective assets or financial funds are used to invest in shares, the village committee will publish the list, accept supervision, and keep photos of the list.

(11) Sign the contract.

Sign the contract legally and in accordance with the law

The first is to formulate the contract text. Relevant county and township departments should come up with standardized contract samples for the "three changes" reform as soon as possible and form a formal contract text on the cooperation matters reached by both parties. The sample shareholding contract provided must stipulate the cooperation method, cooperation period, shareholder capital status, responsibilities and obligations of Party A and Party B, settlement method of dividends, liability for breach of contract, etc.

The second is to sign a contract agreement in accordance with the law. Agree on the rights and obligations of both parties and conscientiously perform the contract agreement.

Third, both parties signing the contract will submit the contract to the county-level “Three Changes” Office for filing.

(12) Promote projects

If the project is not promoted, everything is empty talk. In accordance with the requirements of adapting measures to local conditions, timely conditions and village conditions, we must formulate implementation plans on a village-by-village basis, so that one village, one policy, one village, one law can be organized and implemented.

First, formulate a cooperation plan. Strengthen the tracking and connection with the undertaking enterprises, formulate a good project cooperation plan, clarify the time limit, industry, and responsibilities, continue to track and coordinate each link of the project, work together, and fully promote the pace of project construction.

Second, strengthen township management. Townships should strengthen the management of projects, arrange the time schedule for each link, clarify the goals and arrange the progress, appoint the person responsible for the project, do a good job of tracking and service, and ensure that personnel and responsibilities are in place. Resolve difficulties and problems existing in key projects in a timely manner, and urge both parties to steadily and orderly promote project implementation according to time nodes.

Third, each business department strengthens technical guidance. Adhering to the county-based principle, each functional department should dispatch technical personnel to guide and assist project construction, coordinate and resolve difficulties during construction, and promote high-quality completion of the project.

(13) Pay attention to acceptance.

Acceptance effectiveness evaluation work performance.

First, timely acceptance. For projects belonging to fiscal funds, after the project implementation is completed, governments at all levels and relevant departments must promptly organize relevant personnel to inspect and accept the project in accordance with regulations, procedures, and standards.

The second is to cash in project funds in a timely manner. The project management unit must cash in the project rewards and subsidy funds based on the acceptance results and in accordance with prescribed procedures.

The third is to make a summary and evaluation. After the implementation of the project, we will carefully analyze the difficulties and problems existing in the "Three Changes" project and the experience gained, put forward constructive suggestions and suggestions to break through the problems and bottlenecks, and guide the next step of work.

Legal Basis

"Guiding Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on In-depth Development of Consumption Poverty Alleviation to Help Win the Fight against Poverty" Integrate the promotion of rural residential environment improvement and upgrade leisure agriculture and rural tourism infrastructure and the level of public service facilities, implement the "three improvements and one whole" project of kitchen renovation, toilet renovation, guest room renovation, and courtyard tidying up for poor households engaged in leisure agriculture and rural tourism to optimize the consumption environment.