Chen Hongguang’s personal deeds

In 1922, after graduating from Yangxin College, Chen Hongguang returned home to work in farming. Since then, some reading materials spreading new ideas and new culture have been introduced to Yangxin. After farming, he read a large number of revolutionary books and periodicals such as "New Youth", "Guide", "Weekly Review", "Wuhan Weekly Review", etc., thus accepting Marxist propaganda and began to believe in communism.

In the autumn of 1925, Luo Wei, a student of Lianghu Normal School and a member of the Communist Party of China, was dispatched by the Wuhan Prefectural Committee of the Communist Party of China to return to his hometown of Fushou Town to carry out revolutionary activities. On the basis of "Fu Shou Book Club", he expanded it into "Fu Feng Youth Promotion Association" and recruited Luo Guanguo, Luo Haimen, Luo Huiguang, Chen Shaoshao and others as members of the Communist Party of China. Chen Hongguang joined the promotion association after being introduced by Chen Shaoshao. After that, together with Luo Haimen and Chen Shaojun, he went from village to house to promote revolutionary ideas and develop members. He also often posted slogans such as "Down with the local tyrants and evil gentry," "Down with imperialism," "Down with the warlords," and "Down with the corrupt officials" everywhere at night to expand the influence of the revolution. In the winter of the same year, he organized dozens of young people in the throat area of ??Fushou Town to establish an "anti-drug association" and carried out activities such as banning smoking (opium), gambling, haircuts, and breaking superstitions. The struggle was directed at the local tyrants. Evil gentry.

In the spring of 1926, the Fushou Branch of the Communist Party of China was established with Secretary Luo Haimen. In the summer of the same year, Chen Hongguang joined the Communist Party of China after being introduced by Luo Haimen and Chen Shaoshao. In September of the same year, Chen Hongguang joined the Kuomintang of China as an individual in accordance with the party's decision and was transferred to the Youth Department of the Yangxin County Party Headquarters of the Kuomintang.

At that time, the Seventh Army of the Northern Expeditionary Army had arrived in Xianning. Chen Hongguang was dispatched by the Yangxin Ministries and Commission of the Communist Party of China (later renamed the County Party Committee) and the Yangxin County Party Headquarters of the Kuomintang. Together with Cao Yujie, Luo Huiguang, Chen Shaoshao, etc., they went to the vast rural areas and traffic intersections of Yangxin North Township to organize the people to welcome the Northern Expeditionary Army. Work. On September 13, when the Northern Expeditionary Army entered Yangxin County, the people of Yangxin North Township, led by Chen Hongguang and others, set off a wave of enthusiasm to welcome the army. They brought tea and water to the troops, prepared food and grass, and even killed pigs and sheep to comfort the soldiers of the Northern Expedition. All officers and soldiers of the army were deeply inspired.

In November of the same year, the Yangxin County Student Federation was established, with Chen Zhen as chairman and Chen Hongguang as propaganda minister. After Chen Hongguang took office, he quickly established the Yangxin Youth Literature and Art Promotion Team. After a short period of training, the propaganda team took to the streets and went deep into the countryside to write slogans, paint murals, run wall newspapers, and perform plays to create revolutionary public opinion and mobilize the masses to join the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal struggle.

On December 25, 1926, Chen Hongguang led all the teachers and students of Yangxin Higher School and Yangxin Middle School to participate in the anti-imperialist, anti-feudal, and anti-warlord uprising led by the Yangxin Ministry of the Communist Party of China and the Yangxin County Party Headquarters of the Kuomintang. Thousands of people demonstrated. When the procession arrived near the Catholic Church, the imperialists in the guise of priests instigated the believers and the hooligans they paid to abuse the demonstrators and threaten them with guns in an attempt to disperse the procession. Chen Hongguang was furious and immediately ordered the students to rush into the Catholic Church first, smash the shrine, confiscated their guns, and thwarted their conspiracy. At the same time, some students and the masses also destroyed the Bodhisattvas in Dongyue Temple, Guanghua Temple, and Chenghuang Temple, and burned superstitious items.

On February 27, 1927, the Yangxin reactionaries launched a riot in the county seat and destroyed the county party headquarters of the two Kuomintang parties, the county federation of trade unions, the county agricultural cooperatives, the county women's association, the county students' federation and other institutions. The Communists were roundly searched and brutally burned to death, including Cheng Ziying, the special commissioner of the Provincial Agricultural Association, and nine backbones of the workers and peasants movement, creating the Yangxin tragedy that shocked the whole country. After the tragedy, Chen Hongguang, under the cover of the masses, moved to the attic of the "Qin Yifeng" yarn shop and participated in an emergency meeting held by the Yangxin Ministries and Commissions of the Communist Party of China. According to the decision of the meeting, Chen Hongguang, along with Cao Dajun, Liu Xi and others, rushed to Wuhan the next day, reported the details of the tragedy to the Kuomintang Central Executive Committee, the Provincial Party Headquarters, and the Provincial Government Affairs Committee, and requested rescue. With the intervention of Mao Zedong, Dong Biwu, Wu Yuzhang and the Kuomintang leftists, the Kuomintang Central Executive Committee and the Provincial Government Affairs Committee quickly dispatched personnel to lead the National Revolutionary Army to Yangxin to quell the riots and suppress the counter-revolution, thus quickly restoring the workers' and peasants' revolutionary movement in Yangxin and development.

On July 15 of the same year, Wang Jingwei launched a counterrevolutionary coup in Wuhan. Subsequently, the local tyrants and evil gentry in Yangxin established militia groups and security groups one after another, colluded with the new Kuomintang warlords, and vigorously "cleared the countryside" to hunt down communists.

In order to preserve the revolutionary forces, the Yangxin County Party Committee of the Communist Party of China instructed all party members whose identities have been exposed to immediately move to other places and disperse and hide. Chen Hongguang then sneaked to Zhenjiang, changed his name to Zhang Zihang, and worked as a clerk in a drugstore.

In March 1929, Chen Hongguang returned to Yangxin from Zhenjiang. At this time, the Yangxin County Committee of the Communist Party of China and grassroots party organizations at all levels had been established, and the agrarian revolutionary struggle led by the party was in the ascendant throughout the county. Chen Hongguang was so excited that he couldn't bear to go home. He immediately went to Luo Guanguo, a member of the county committee and secretary of the Fufeng District Committee, reported on his situation in recent years and asked to restore organizational relations. After being introduced by Luo Guanguo and Luo Haimen, the county committee confirmed Chen Hongguang as a member of the Communist Party of China and appointed him as the propaganda committee member of the Fufeng District Committee.

In September of the same year, in view of the fact that the political theory and policy level of many district and township cadres was not high and incompatible with the development of the revolutionary situation, the county party committee decided to open a party affairs training class to strengthen the training of cadres and mobilize them. Chen Hongguang is specifically responsible for this work. After Chen Hongguang made short-term preparations, the class started as scheduled in Wangwujing, Fufeng District, where the county party committee is located. There are 40 students in the first batch, all of whom are branch secretaries or above. The courses offered are "Communism and the Communist Party", "Basic Theory of the Party", "Central Notices", "Resolutions of the Sixth National Congress", "Branch Work", "Guerrilla Warfare", etc. Chen Hongguang was responsible for running two phases, each lasting 20 days, and trained nearly a hundred party members and cadres.

In the winter of the same year, Chen Hongguang was transferred to the county party committee propaganda committee member. After taking office, according to the needs of the county party committee's central work and revolutionary struggle, he printed a large number of slogans, leaflets, operas, songs, pictorials and other propaganda materials, and distributed them widely throughout the county; organized chalk teams and ink writing teams to patrol various traffic arteries. Rewrite slogans; establish a new theater troupe to perform in various villages; organize a speech team to give speeches in various towns, hold singing training classes, train singers, and send them to various townships to teach and sing revolutionary songs. The county's propaganda and agitation work was vigorous and down-to-earth, which greatly mobilized the revolutionary enthusiasm of the broad masses of the people and effectively promoted the vigorous development of the agrarian revolutionary struggle.

In May 1930, the Eastern Hubei Special Committee of the Communist Party of China was established in Yangxin, with jurisdiction over Yangxin, Daye, Tongshan, Echeng, Huangmei, Guangji, Qichun, and Qishui (Xishui) , Wuning, Ruichang and other 10 counties, Wu Zhimin, Secretary of the Special Committee. Chen Hongguang serves as secretary of the Special Committee and editor of the Special Committee's party magazine "Eastern Hubei News".

In July 1931, the first party member congress of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces was held in Chudongshan, Dongmen, Liuyang County, Hunan Province. Chen Hongguang, Wu Zhimin and others attended the meeting as representatives of Eastern Hubei. The meeting elected the Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and discussed and adopted various working resolutions. During the meeting, the Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee convened a meeting of the heads of the three special committees of eastern Hubei, southern Hubei, and northern Jiangxi, and announced the cancellation of the eastern Hubei and southern Hubei special committees and the establishment of the southeastern Hubei special committee. The Southeast Hubei Special Committee has jurisdiction over 10 county committees including Yangxin, Daye, Dayang, Tongshan, Echeng, Xianning, Puqi, Chongyang, Wuning, and Ruichang and the Ganbei Special Administrative Region Committee. Fang Buzhou is the secretary and Liu Haishan is the organizer. Minister, Cheng Hengzhen serves as the Propaganda Minister, Zhang Pengjiu and Chen Hongguang serve as the Secretary-General. After the meeting, the special committee entrusted Chen Hongguang to draft a work plan in order to implement the various resolutions of the Provincial Party Congress. After accepting the task, Chen Hongguang was not afraid of hardships and went deep into the counties of southeastern Hubei to conduct investigations and research, and mastered a large amount of first-hand materials. On this basis, he drafted the "Resolution on the Current Work Plan of the Special Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China for Southeast Hubei" and handed it over. Deliberation by the Standing Committee of the Special Committee. The resolution covers the consolidation and development of the Soviet area in southeastern Hubei, the transformation and improvement of party organizations, the construction of Soviet power, the economic policy of the Soviet area, land issues, publicity and education work, the expansion of the Red Army and local armed forces, guerrilla warfare, military movement work, and women and youth work. Specific and clear regulations have been made on more than a dozen major issues. On August 14, the enlarged meeting of the Special Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China for Southeast Hubei was held in Yangxinlong Port, where the resolution was discussed and passed. Participants unanimously believed that the resolution was not only in line with the spirit of the Provincial Party Congress, but also in line with the reality of the revolutionary struggle in southeastern Hubei and was practical and feasible. After this enlarged meeting of the special committee, a prosperous situation soon emerged in the Soviet area in southeastern Hubei.

In January 1932, the Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi Provincial Committee decided to abolish the Southeast Hubei Special Committee and set up the Hubei Provincial Committee and the Puqi Central County Committee. Chen Hongguang serves as member of the Standing Committee and Secretary-General of the Hubei Provincial Committee. In June of the same year, according to the decision of the Provincial Party Committee, the Southeast Hubei Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China was established, with jurisdiction over 14 counties including eastern Hubei, southern Hubei, and northern Jiangxi. At the first Party Congress in Southeast Hubei, Chen Hongguang was elected as member of the Standing Committee and Secretary-General of the Southeast Hubei Provincial Committee.

In the autumn of the same year, the Kuomintang camped in Wuhan and mobilized 100,000 troops to carry out the fourth "encirclement and suppression" campaign against the Soviet area in southeastern Hubei.

On October 4, Longgang, the red capital of southeastern Hubei, fell. The Road Committee and its affiliated agencies were moved to Shazhoudian in the southwest of Yangxin. This place is located in a remote mountain, and all kinds of materials are in short supply. Chen Hongguang led the staff of the agency to do everything possible to overcome many difficulties and continue to work normally. If there was no lamp oil for working at night, he would light pine trees; if there was no paper, he would send his staff to the mountains to chop down bamboo and peel thatch stalks, and use the abandoned grinding trough in the area to set up a paper mill; if there was no ink for printing documents, he would use local materials and make his own Production: Choose a small room, hang pine needles on the floor, burn pine firewood below, extract the smoke powder attached to the pine needles, mix it with oil to make pine smoke ink; if you don’t have carbon paper, grind it with loess, sieve it and use it. Mix the oil thoroughly and apply it on the paper. When it dries, it becomes carbon paper. If you don't have a carbon pen, you can sharpen and polish the chopsticks to use as a carbon ballpoint pen. In this way, each difficulty was overcome, and all the work of the agency continued to operate as usual.

In the spring of 1933, the Soviet area in southeastern Hubei had been divided by the enemy into four areas: Yangxin, Tongshan, Long (Hong Kong) Yan (Xia), and Long (Hong Kong) Hu (City) Rui (Chang). In view of the fact that the Ruisu District of Longhu, located on the border of Hubei and Jiangxi, was isolated from the Taoist Committee and inconvenient to direct the Taoist Committee, the Taoist Committee decided to transfer Chen Hongguang to the area as a member of the Taoist Committee's Standing Committee to guide the work on behalf of the Taoist Committee.

After arriving in Longhu Rui, Chen Hongguang relied closely on the local party organizations and the broad masses of the people and devoted himself to the struggle to defend, restore and develop the Soviet area. In May of the same year, in order to strengthen the party's unified leadership of the revolutionary struggle in this region, he decided to abolish the original Ruichang County Party Committee and the Longhu Office Party Committee of Longyan Center County, and establish the Longhu Rui County Party Committee with He Ying as secretary (later Chen Hongguang himself concurrently served as the party committee). After the establishment of the county party committee, various small guerrilla groups within the jurisdiction were centralized and organized into the Longhu Rui Guerrilla Brigade, with Cao Hengshan as the captain. Then, outstanding members of the Communist Youth League from each district were selected, and after military training, they were formed into the Longhu Rui Youth Model Corps. Later, he used the Second Red Company and the Sixth Red Company active in the area as the backbone, and then selected a group of strong members from the Red Guards and Red First Teams in each district to form the Henan Guard Division. In July of the same year, according to the decision of the Taoist Committee, he combined the Henan Guard Division, the Northern Gan Guerrilla Brigade, and the First Independent Regiment of the Red Army into the Northern Gan Division (later renamed the First Red Division), with Ke Xing as the division commander and Yu Zhaoguang as the political commissar. The division has more than 900 men and guns. In early January 1934, in order to implement the instructions of the Provincial Party Committee on "developing to the southeast", the Taoist Committee decided to organize the Mushi Port Campaign. It also decided to consist of Zhang Tao (later mutinied), Ye Jinbo, Chen Hongguang, Yu Zhaoguang, Liu Runsi, Ma Xiansheng and others. The former enemy headquarters (Commander Zhang Tao, Deputy Commander Ye Jinbo) were responsible for the deployment and command of this battle. Mushi Port is located in the southeast of Yangxin and is an important town on the south bank of Fushui. In order to cut off the connection between the Soviet areas on the north and south sides of Fushui, Guo Rudong, commander of the 26th Division of the Kuomintang, transferred Li Zongjian of the 7th Brigade to garrison Mushi Port. He also built fortifications and garrisoned troops at Hezishu and Hutianfan around Mushi Port, forming a strategic fulcrum. In response to the enemy's weakness of "dividing troops for guarding", the Red Army's former enemy headquarters decided to adopt the tactic of "concentrating superior forces and defeating them one by one" to surround and annihilate the enemy. On January 6, the Third Red Division, Ganbei Division, Hebei Division and Longhu Rui Division There were more than 8,000 local armed troops who divided and surrounded the enemy. In this battle, the army annihilated one enemy brigade, another regiment, and three battalions, captured more than 800 enemy soldiers, surrendered more than a thousand guns, and destroyed the enemy. 13 bunkers were built, and Mushi Port and the surrounding Soviet areas were restored.

In mid-January of the same year, the Third Red Division, Ganbei Division, and Hebei Division were ambushed by powerful enemies in Wangwenyi, resulting in losses of more than two-thirds. . Subsequently, Longhu Ruisu District was captured by the enemy and became a guerrilla zone. In February, the Longhu Rui Central County Committee (renamed from Longhu Rui County Committee) gathered the Red Army soldiers who had dispersed to the Longhu Rui area after the failure of the Wang Wenyi Battle and fought against the Longhu Rui guerrillas. The brigade was organized into the Longhu Rui Independent Regiment, with Wang Wuzhi as its leader and Yuan Fengming as its political commissar. Chen Hongguang accompanied the independent regiment to guide the guerrilla war in the area. On September 8, due to a traitor's informant, the independent regiment was attacked by the enemy in Qifang. The 37th Brigade encircled. During the battle, Wang Wuzhi died heroically and Yuan Fengming was captured (later brutally killed). After breaking through, Chen Hongguang led more than ten people from his troops to move to Dade Mountain, where they joined the Dade guerrillas led by Yue Dayou and held on to the Dade Mountains. Guerrilla war in Deshan District. In March 1935, the enemy launched a large-scale "clearance" campaign in Dade Mountain. Chen Hongguang died heroically in the breakout at the age of 29.