Who is Guan Hanqing? What are his life stories?

Who is Guan Hanqing? Guan Hanqing was a famous zaju writer in Yuan Dynasty. He is called "Shakespeare of China". This shows how influential Guan Hanqing is, but everyone's understanding and understanding of this person is limited to this. If you want to talk about other aspects of him, many people may not know, so here is an overview of Guan Hanqing.

Guan Hanqing is the greatest writer in the history of China drama, the founder of Yuan Zaju and the leader of early drama. Among the writers of Yuan Zaju, he created the earliest, produced the most works and had the greatest influence. He uses the word line, the number has been lent, most people, the year of birth and death and the average life expectancy are unknown, mainly in the metropolitan area. His household registration belongs to a hospital, but he hasn't found his medical ethics record yet. Guan Hanqing has a wide range of friends, and has contacts with talented people in book clubs and prostitutes in brothels. At the same time, he is versatile, proficient in melody and good at singing and dancing, which is of great benefit to his drama creation.

Hanqin Guan

Guan Hanqing, as a down-and-out literati living on the streets in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, wandered in the courtyard for a long time, which not only cultivated his charming, unruly and wild personality, but also "naturally charming, knowledgeable, witty and intelligent, and charming for a while" (). He also personally participated in the performance and gained rich stage experience, which made his drama creation more fashionable.

Guan Hanqing-Life story

There is a lack of information about Guan Hanqing's life, which can only be seen from sporadic records. According to Zhong Sicheng, a dramatist at the end of Yuan Dynasty, "Guan Hanqing was mostly from Taiyuan Yin, whose name was Zhai", and "Taiyuan Yin" was called "Taiyuan Household". Regarding Guan Hanqing's native place, there are some statements such as Dadu (now Beijing) (Ghost Record Volume 1), Xiezhou (now Yuncheng, Shanxi) (Yuan History Series Volume 36) and qi zhou (now Hebei) (Zhou Qizhi Volume 8). The official name of "Yin of the Imperial Palace" was not found in Jinshi or History of Yuan Dynasty, but "Medical Household" was one of the household registrations in Yuan Dynasty and was under the jurisdiction of the Imperial Palace. So Guan Hanqing was probably a doctor in the Yuan Dynasty. In "Worship the Moon Pavilion", he has a description of clinical diagnosis, just like a doctor's mouth, which can be used as a witness.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Jing wrote in the preface to the collection of brothels: "At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, my emperor was merged, while Du San, Gu, Guan Jizhai and other adherents of the Jin Dynasty all despised the official advancement, but mocked the wind and moon and lingered in the scenery." Du Sanren, that is, Du, is a writer from Jin to Yuan, and the valley is Baipu. Jin died (1234) at the age of 8. It is estimated that Guan Hanqing's age is close to theirs, and he is also a writer from Jin to Yuan. Guan Hanqing has 10 a great virtue song, and "Great Virtue" is the title of Yuan Chengzong's song.

(1297 ~ 1307) It has been about 70 years since Kim died. It can be inferred that Guan Hanqing died after the first year of Dade in Yuan Chengzong (1297), and his birth year is estimated to be around 1220. Zhong Sicheng, the author of Ghost Record, said that Guan Hanqing's predecessor was dead and his fame shocked the world, and that "the rest of his life is too late to predict the end of several seats". The ghost was written on 1330, so it is not far from Guan Hanqing's death on 1300.

Hanqin Guan

After the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty (1279), Guan Hanqing had been to Hangzhou, the performance center of the Southern Opera at that time, and wrote a divertimento "Hangzhou Scenery" (including a sentence "The Great Yuan was newly attached to the country, but the Song family was lost"). I have also been to Yangzhou and wrote a song for Zhu. There is a saying that "Yangzhou has ten miles of scenery and there are immortals".

Guan Hanqing is a playwright who is familiar with Goulan Ci. According to the analysis of Jin Zhi, he was "naturally charming, knowledgeable, funny and intelligent, and he was the best of his time". Zang Jinshu's Preface to Yuan Qu in the Ming Dynasty said that he "bowed and practiced ostentation and extravagance, and painted his face with black powder. I think my family life, I advocate Excellence and don't leave. " Guan Hanqing was a leading figure in the field of zaju in the early Yuan Dynasty, and the most famous book lover in Yujing Bookstore. According to the records of Ghost Record, Collection of Brothels, Record of Dropping out of Farming in Nancun, etc., he has contacts with zaju writer, Liang Fei, Sanqu writer Wang Heqing, famous actress Zhu, etc., and has a closer relationship with Wang Heqing.

Guan Hanqing-Creative Life

The content of Guan Hanqing's zaju has strong reality and high fighting spirit. Guan Hanqing lived in an era of political darkness, corruption, social unrest, class contradictions and ethnic contradictions, and the people lived in dire straits. His plays profoundly reproduce the social reality and are full of rich flavor of the times. There is not only the bloody reality of "gouging people's eyes, bones and skin", but also the tragic experience of child bride Dou E and maid Yan Yan, which reflects a very broad life. It not only mercilessly exposed the darkness of officialdom, but also enthusiastically eulogized the people's resistance struggle. The keynote of Guan Hanqing's plays is composed of generous elegy and optimistic struggle.

Hanqin Guan

In Guan Hanqing's works, the most prominent images are some ordinary women, such as Zhao, Du Ruiniang, young girl Wang Ruilan, widow Tangier and handmaid. , each has its own personality characteristics. Most of them came from humble origins and suffered all kinds of persecution from the feudal ruling class. Guan Hanqing described their tragic experiences, portrayed their integrity, kindness, intelligence and wit, praised their strong will to resist, and praised their heroic behavior of fighting against the dark forces to death. In that particular historical era, they played an inspiring theme. Guan Hanqing was a great dramatist, and later generations listed him as the first of the four great poets in Yuan Dynasty.

According to various documents, Guan Hanqing compiled 67 zaju, including 18. Whether individual works were written by Guan Hanqing is still controversial in academic circles.

Guan Hanqing is the most outstanding writer of Yuan Zaju, known as "China's Shakespeare". 1958 is regarded as one of the top ten cultural celebrities in the world.