How can we make children talk about hygiene?

There are many ways to solve children's unsanitary. As long as parents guide them attentively, lazy and dirty children will become diligent and clean.

1. What good hygiene habits should children develop?

1. No littering or spitting.

2. Brush your teeth and wash your face in the morning and evening; Wash your hands before and after meals, and wash your hands carefully after coming home from outside; Cut your hair and nails frequently; Take a bath frequently and wash your feet more; Wash raw fruits and vegetables.

3. Don't sleep with your head covered: Sleeping with your head covered will increase the carbon dioxide content in the quilt, affect the normal breathing and sleep quality, and cause you to feel listless, headache, dizziness and fatigue when you wake up the next day.

4. Don't sneeze and cough at others: Although sneezing and coughing can clean the respiratory tract, people will spread bacteria when sneezing and coughing, and if they are patients, they will also spread diseases.

5. Don't bite the pen when writing and drawing: too much biting the pen will lead to lead poisoning in children, and the paint of environmental protection pen will also lead to child poisoning.

6. Change shoes first after going home: Changing clothes and shoes at home can keep indoor hygiene to the maximum extent.

7. Breathe through your nose and tell your parents to treat you when your nose is blocked: Breathing through your mouth for a long time will cause the teeth on your child to protrude, and breathing through your mouth will inhale air that cannot be purified, heated and humidified, which is harmful to your lungs. It will also dry the oral mucosa, reduce the disease resistance, and easily cause oral diseases.

Second, how to cultivate children to develop good hygiene habits

(1) Specific measures:

Because children are young, the training methods should be specific and repeated, forming conditioned reflex, so as to achieve the goal of developing good habits.

1. model law

Children like to imitate the behavior of adults, and the good behavior of adults is a concrete, vivid and intuitive demonstration of cultivating children's good hygiene habits. Therefore, parents should set an example, have good hygiene habits and set an example for their children everywhere in their daily lives.

2. Combination method

Children can be educated by watching pictures, telling stories, teaching children songs and playing games, so as to achieve the purpose of training.

For example, teach children to sing such a children's song: "Children should remember to dress neatly. Wash your face every day and brush your teeth in the morning and evening. Wash your hands before and after meals, without fingers. Don't spit everywhere, take a handkerchief with you every day. Everyone loves cleanliness, and everyone stresses hygiene. Develop good habits and everyone likes them. " Then compare the children's songs and let the children talk about what they have done well and what they have not done well enough, and pay attention to correcting them in the future.

You can also prepare some pictures of unsanitary behaviors and educate your children with pictures and stories. For example, tell a story to a child: "There is a mother rabbit in the forest. She gave birth to a little rabbit. Rabbit's hair is white, smooth and beautiful. Everyone calls him xiaoxue. Small animals in the forest like to play with Xiaoxue. Xiaoxue grows up day by day. Mother rabbit loves Xiaoxue very much and follows him with everything. Xiaoxue doesn't wash her hands when eating. She doesn't like cutting her nails. She touched things with her little hands, which made her nails black. Not to mention that. She also put her dirty hands in her mouth. The small animals in the forest saw that Xiaoxue was getting dirty and turned into a little black. Everyone doesn't like playing games with it, and Xiaoxue is getting lonely. But I still haven't got rid of the unhealthy bad habit. Finally, one day, Xiaoxue's stomach began to hurt, and it got worse and worse. Mother rabbit has no choice but to take her rabbit to the forest hospital. Doctor Woodpecker gave Xiaoxue medicine. Later Xiaoxue pulled out many bugs. Since then, Xiaoxue stresses hygiene, never puts her fingers in her mouth again, and washes her hands and cuts her nails diligently. Now the light snow is white again, and the small animals like to play with it again. "

3. Repetitive practice method

The formation of brain conditioned reflex needs repeated practice, and the formation of good hygiene habits also needs repeated practice opportunities. In order to improve children's interest in repeated practice, we can take competitive games and practice consolidation in the game.

4. Supervision and inspection methods

Children's self-consciousness, persistence and self-control are poor, so they need to be constantly urged, reminded and checked, so that children's good hygiene habits can be continuously strengthened and conscious actions can be gradually formed.

For example, parents can work out specific hygiene rules with their children, or they can stick these rules on the wall in the form of slogans, such as washing hands before and after meals and eating fruits. If you find that your child can't consciously abide by it, you should immediately remind and urge it.

(2) Specific measures:

1. Wash your hands and face

Children are curious and often touch this and that, as if they are interested in everything. I especially like picking up small stones, sticks and pieces of paper on the ground, and playing with sand and dirt. As a result, my little hands are often dirty. If you rub your eyes with dirty hands, it is easy to cause eye infection; Eating with dirty hands can easily cause diarrhea or intestinal parasitic diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate the habit of washing hands before and after meals, after playing outside, and at any time after getting dirty.

Teach children the correct way to wash their hands: ① roll up their sleeves, ② wash their hands with soap; 3 rub your hands; 4 rub your hands and back; ⑤ Rub your fingers; ⑥ Wrist rubbing; ⑦ Chong; ⑧ ⑧ ⑧; Pet-name ruby wipe your hands (wipe your hands with your own towel); Attending to hang up the towel and put down the sleeves. In the process of hand washing, children can be taught some children's songs and songs about hand washing, so that children can wash their hands while singing and increase the fun of hand washing. For example, children can sing the song "Hygiene" while washing their hands (washing their hands every day, and washing their hands every day for children who pay attention to hygiene), which is conducive to mobilizing their enthusiasm.

Although your face is not as dirty as your hands, you should wash it at least 1 time before going to bed every morning and night. 7 or 8 months ago, the child could not stand, but put him on the knee of an adult to wash his face. When children are nine or ten months old, they can stand up with the help of adults, and then they can wash standing up. Children aged 2-3 can stand by and watch the equipment suitable for their height, practice washing their hands and faces with soap and water, and install the hook for hanging towels where he can get it.

The water temperature for children to wash their hands and faces should not be too hot, which is roughly the same as their body temperature. When adults help to wash, they should be gentle. Don't let water or soap enter children's eyes, ears, mouth and nose. When washing, adults can talk to him while asking children to cooperate, such as reaching out, closing their eyes and shutting up. Adults should tell him the correct way to wash their hands and faces in advance and remind children not to play with water. Children 1 year and a half are more flexible. Besides teaching him to wash the middle part of his face, he should also teach him to wash his cheeks, forehead, chin, ears and neck. Hand washing not only washes the heart, but also washes the back, fingers and wrists. Children should also be taught how to twist towels and dry their hands and faces.

In addition, adults should also pay attention to the fact that children should use a set of towels, washbasins and other appliances alone. Soap is less alkaline and neutral soap is the best. Don't prepare unnecessary cosmetics for children. In order to protect the skin in winter, you can apply a little oil.

Rinse your mouth and brush your teeth

Generally speaking, children can start to learn to gargle by themselves at the age of 20 months. Parents can guide their children to look in the mirror with their mouths open after meals, or look at each other with their parents, so that they can see the food residue between their teeth and their mouths. At this time, parents can let the child imitate mouthwash according to the characteristics of imitation at this stage. Prepare two and a half cups of water (boiled water is best, not raw water, because children don't know how to spit it out at first). Parents take a sip of water and spit it in the basin, and the children imitate it. Well, I'll take a bite and you guide the child. When the child is familiar with it, the mother will teach him to put water in his mouth, shut up, encourage his cheeks, rinse his mouth loudly, and then spit out the water in his mouth, repeating the action 3 ~ 4 times each time. After gargling, wipe the water drops from your mouth with a towel or handkerchief. Let the child open his mouth again and look in the mirror. You can find that there is little or no food residue in his mouth. When children first learn to gargle, they only ask to gargle after meals and gargle with salt water in the morning.

Children can start brushing their teeth when they are about 3 years old, because by this time, all their 20 deciduous teeth have already grown out. Parents can teach their children how to brush their teeth on the basis of learning to gargle. At first, let the children hold the toothbrush, practice the action of "turning their wrists" and imitate the brushing action with their bare hands. Be careful not to let children use children's toothpaste before learning to brush their teeth, in case they smell toothpaste they don't like and refuse to learn to brush their teeth. Parents take their children to brush their teeth together, and demonstrate the action first:

Step 1: Hold the cup in one hand, lean forward and turn your wrist with a toothbrush in the other;

Step 2: Brush your teeth. The method of brushing teeth is vertical brushing instead of horizontal brushing, brushing up and down between teeth, brushing up and down the toothbrush, brushing back and forth on the biting surface, and brushing inside and outside cleanly;

Step 3: Clean the toothbrush. Brush your teeth for 3 minutes at a time, once in the morning and once in the evening. When children learn to brush their teeth, parents can let them brush their teeth with nursery rhymes to improve their interest in learning, and pay attention to frequent encouragement and praise.

Brushing your teeth with warm water can greatly reduce the stimulation of cold and heat, protect your teeth and reduce the occurrence of dental diseases, especially for children with tooth allergy, dental caries, periodontitis, oral ulcer, glossitis and pharyngitis. When children get used to brushing their teeth twice every morning and evening, they can start to try to brush their teeth with toothpaste. Note that when brushing your teeth with toothpaste, rinse the toothpaste foam in your mouth with water.

Take a bath and wash your feet

To make children like to take a bath, first of all, let him feel comfortable and refreshing, and feel that taking a bath is a happy thing. Secondly, the temperature of the bath water should be appropriate. Too hot or too cold can easily make children feel uncomfortable, even afraid of water because of its stimulation to the skin, thus rejecting bathing. Third, when bathing a child, you should move gently and wash his skin with a special bath. In addition, parents should also pay attention to whether the bathtub (bathtub) and the ground are slippery to prevent children from slipping and falling.

Happiness is the baby's principle, so it is a happy thing to let the baby take a bath. Half an hour before taking a bath, it is best to let the children play games quietly. If children are too excited, they will be unwilling to take a bath because they are immersed in the game. When taking a bath, parents can tell stories to their children or play water games with them while taking a bath, so that children can relax and gradually get used to and like the feeling of taking a bath in the water.

3, 4-year-old children should learn to use towels or hands to wipe their chest, arms and legs when taking a bath.

Let children form the habit of washing feet before going to bed. Parents can first explain to their children the truth of washing feet and soaking feet in warm water: because there are many acupoints on the feet, these acupoints connect different parts of the human body. Wash your feet with warm water and soak your feet every night. If you pay attention to massaging acupoints when washing your feet, you can relieve fatigue, promote blood circulation and prevent colds. Then teach children the correct way to wash their feet and soak their feet.

4. Haircut and manicure.

Children's hair should be neat and generous. Long nails are unsanitary and easy to scratch the skin. Children should be trimmed regularly, and parents of older children should teach their children to trim themselves. But it can't be cut too short, so as to avoid the pain caused by the fingertips rubbing against the skin when the child uses his hands.

For those children who don't like to cut their nails, have fingernail scales and are used to sucking their fingers, if possible, parents can find a microscope, dig some fingernail scales and put them on the glass, add a drop of water and put them under the microscope so that they can see the bacteria on their hands swimming in the water. This will leave a deep impression on children: there are so many bacteria hidden under the fingernails, which will bring many diseases to the body if eaten in the stomach.

Wipe the nose

When an adult wipes a child's nose, the action should be light, so as not to cause the child's disgust.

In daily life, many children let their mothers wipe their noses without wiping them themselves. Parents should teach their children how to wipe their noses. When wiping their noses, remind them not to use their hands or sleeves, but to wipe them with handkerchiefs. Children aged two or three should learn to wipe their noses with handkerchiefs.

6. No littering, paper scraps, spitting and urinating.

A real hygiene person will pay attention to all kinds of small details. Parents should pay attention to the details of their children's education and cultivate their children to develop good public health habits. Some children never litter at home, they forget it as soon as they go out and throw it away directly. Parents can prepare a plastic bag for their children and let them carry it with them, so that they can put the garbage in. When there is phlegm in the throat, teach children not to spit everywhere. It's best to spit on paper and throw it in the trash can.

Third, the problems that should be paid attention to when cultivating children's hygiene habits:

1. Parents should pay attention to their own educational methods.

Family members' requirements and education for children must be consistent, so as not to cause differences in children's behavior; Children's rebellious psychology should be guided positively, not forced to order; The cultivation of good hygiene habits is not a one-off event, but a long-term process. Parents should not rush for success, but persevere to get good results.

2. Let children understand the importance of hygiene.

If a child does not understand the truth of hygiene, it is difficult to really talk about hygiene. He will mistakenly think that hygiene is for someone, for example, my mother often supervises me to brush my teeth, wash my face and wash my hands. My mother saw it, so I did as my mother said. If my mother is not around, I can't brush my teeth or wash my face ... Many things seem to be done for my mother, which can't be turned into my own voluntary action, let alone. Therefore, to help children develop good hygiene habits, they must understand the truth of hygiene.

3. Cultivating children's good hygiene habits should be moderate.

Some parents overemphasize their children's health problems. After the child is two years old, parents will urge the child to wash his hands, face, brush his teeth and tidy up. But some parents are too strict with their children and pay special attention to cleanliness. They will overemphasize the importance of hygiene, force children to wash their hands repeatedly, don't touch dirty things, change clothes immediately when they are dirty, use special tableware and disinfect them regularly. This attitude and practice will give children a strong hint. In this way, the child will change clothes when he is slightly dirty, wipe his mouth repeatedly with a handkerchief when eating, and wipe his exercise book hard when he is slightly dirty ... This will gradually make the child form cleanliness. Cleanliness addiction will not only make children form serious obstacles in communicating with others and contacting society, but also affect the development of children's healthy personality, and even more seriously may develop into obsessive-compulsive disorder.