Matters needing attention in the farm

Matters needing attention in farms: Many people will start businesses in their lives, but for rural people, the best way to start businesses is through aquaculture, because there is enough space in rural areas and different animal breeding methods are different. Let's take a look at the precautions of the farm.

Matters needing attention in farms 1 1. Building safety

The construction of livestock and poultry farms and livestock pens shall strictly implement the construction safety production system, and the construction party shall carry out the construction in strict accordance with the safety standards. For livestock and poultry farms that have been in disrepair for a long time, it is necessary to carry out construction safety rectification and prohibit production and operation in buildings with potential safety hazards. There are no potential safety hazards such as flood, collapse and landslide in the site selection of the farm. Building materials or interior decoration materials shall not use colored steel plates or polyurethane materials.

Second, disaster prevention and safety

In the rainy season, especially before the arrival of heavy rain, heavy rainfall, heavy snow, strong wind and other weather, farmers should pay attention to the investigation of the internal and external environment of the farm, and do a good job in cleaning the drainage ditch, repairing the brick wall, strengthening the roof and repairing leakage in time to prevent natural disasters such as flash floods, mudslides and landslides, and floods and roof collapse. In hot weather, we should do a good job in heatstroke prevention and cooling, strengthen ventilation and cooling, and prevent heatstroke in people and animals.

Third, electricity safety.

1, farmers should strengthen fire prevention measures, fire control facilities and equipment are fully equipped. Put an end to open flames, and do not pull wires indiscriminately. When heating with a coal stove, keep a certain distance from the surrounding combustibles. Evacuation passages and safety exits should be kept clear; Evacuation signs and emergency lighting are in good condition. In addition, you can also dig pools, water storage tanks and sand near the breeding shed for emergencies.

2. Rainproof, moisture-proof and waterproof lamps, switches and sockets should be adopted. Use cables or line sleeves as power supply lines and erect them according to electrician's operation procedures. The power cord should be prevented from aging, random connection and overload use. Install leakage protection for incoming bus and branch line.

Fourth, space security.

In areas where biogas digesters, septic tanks, deep pits, closed or semi-closed septic tanks, etc. of livestock and poultry farms are prone to hypoxia, poisoning, explosion and other accidents that endanger human and animal lives, farmers should operate in accordance with the requirements of safety production norms and take safety protection measures. You are not allowed to enter the swimming pool without permission. For farms with biogas digesters, septic tanks and other manure storage and treatment tanks, it is necessary to issue and post safety production specifications, and educate and train employees on biogas safety production.

The construction of biogas digesters shall conform to the safety technical specifications, and the discharge port shall be provided with protection and warning signs. Warning signs should be set up in open-air biogas slurry ponds, multistage sedimentation tanks and deep pits, and facilities such as guardrails and fences should be installed to prevent people and animals from falling and drowning. In the cold season, it is necessary to remind farmers that it is strictly forbidden to use charcoal burning to keep warm in a closed environment.

Five, mechanical safety

Farmers should strictly follow the operation specifications, implement the operation and maintenance by special personnel, strengthen the technical guidance of mechanical maintenance and safety production, carry out agricultural machinery driving operation training, and improve farmers' safety awareness.

VI. Quality and Safety

Livestock and poultry farmers should improve the breeding files and realize the monitoring of the quality and safety process of breeding links. Livestock and poultry breeders shall use veterinary drugs, feeds and feed additives according to laws and regulations, and prohibit the use of prohibited additives such as clenbuterol and veterinary drugs and other compounds explicitly prohibited by the state. We must do a good job in the normalization prevention and control of zoonotic diseases such as highly pathogenic avian influenza and major animal diseases such as African swine fever, resolutely prevent major regional animal epidemics, and resolutely safeguard animal health and safety.

In strict accordance with state regulations, the dead livestock and poultry shall be treated harmlessly, and the dead livestock and poultry shall not be sold, sold, processed or discarded at will to ensure the quality and safety of livestock and poultry products. In the process of blood collection, medical treatment, dissection or harmless treatment of livestock and poultry, operators must take safety protection measures. Medical devices, medical wastes, etc. Disinfection and harmless treatment should be carried out according to regulations to avoid infection and other injuries caused by human and animal diseases.

Precautions for farms 2 Livestock and poultry farms should choose places with high terrain, flat and dry, good drainage and leeward and sunny. Pay attention to smooth ventilation, strong lighting, convenient transportation and water and electricity, and stay away from pollution sources. In the plain area, the site selection should be slightly higher than the surrounding areas; Livestock and poultry farms should be built on a slightly flat gentle slope in mountainous areas.

Ensure sufficient water source and convenient use. The quality of drinking water for livestock and poultry shall conform to the standard of Drinking Water Quality of Pollution-free Food for Livestock and Poultry (NY 5027-2008) formulated by the Ministry of Agriculture. After the livestock and poultry farms are put into production, the water quality of the water source should be monitored twice a year, and the water supply system should be cleaned and disinfected regularly.

Be sure to stay away from chemical plants, industrial pollution areas, mining areas, etc. Large and medium-sized livestock and poultry farms must be far away from villages and towns, residential areas, and livestock houses should be in the downwind of residential areas, more than 500 meters away from urban residential areas, cultural, educational and scientific research areas and highways and other major traffic trunk lines. The air in the site is clean and pollution-free, and the site environment is quiet, without noise interference and light interference.

It shall not be built or expanded on the original old livestock and poultry farms, and shall not be located in the downwind of livestock and poultry slaughterhouses, livestock and poultry product processing plants, veterinary stations, livestock and poultry product trading markets, etc.

The necessary livestock and poultry breeding equipment for large and medium-sized livestock and poultry farms mainly includes all kinds of barns, corrals, floors, padding, cages, feeding and drinking water equipment, ventilation equipment, lighting equipment, environmental control equipment, manure cleaning equipment, transportation equipment, etc.

Building materials for livestock and poultry houses should be non-toxic and harmless. The walls, roofs and ceilings of the barn should be made of solid, waterproof, wind-proof and insect-proof materials, and easy to clean and disinfect. The ground of livestock and poultry houses should also be well drained, hygienic, safe and comfortable, and easy to clean and disinfect.

There should be a certain number and size of windows in the poultry house to ensure the normal ventilation and lighting of the poultry house, and exhaust fans and fans should be installed to ensure ventilation.

The construction of environmental protection facilities for livestock and poultry farms shall be carried out in accordance with the Emission Standard of Pollutants from Livestock and Poultry Breeding jointly issued by the former State Environmental Protection Administration and the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, and supporting the construction of fecal sewage treatment facilities and harmless facilities for livestock and poultry carcasses.

Precautions for the farm 3 The precautions for the farm are as follows:

1. A disinfection tank should be set up at the entrance of the farm, the production area and the population of the barn, with lye in it. Generally, newly prepared disinfectants should be replaced within 10 ~ 15 days. Before the utensils in the barn are disinfected, the feces and urine must be thoroughly cleaned.

2, as far as possible, choose broad-spectrum disinfectant or choose the disinfectant with the strongest effect according to specific pathogenic bacteria. The dilution of disinfectant should be accurate, and it should be ensured that disinfectant can effectively kill pathogenic microorganisms and prevent corrosion and poisoning.

3, conditional or necessary, to monitor the quality of disinfection, testing the use and effect of various disinfectants. And pay attention to the interaction between disinfectants to prevent the interaction from reducing the effectiveness.

4. It is not allowed to mix two different disinfectants or disinfect the same article at will, because the combination of the two disinfectants often fails due to physical or chemical incompatibility.

5, disinfection drugs should be replaced regularly, don't use the same kind of disinfection drugs for a long time, so as to avoid drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, affect the disinfection effect.