What is the concept of smuggling?

Smuggling is an international phenomenon, or a common problem of the international community. The reasons are complicated, including social development, legal reasons, historical reasons, domestic reasons and international reasons. To sum up, there are mainly the following aspects: first, there is a gap in economic development between countries, and there is a big gap between developed and developing countries. It is the attraction of this economic gap that makes citizens of some developing countries blindly follow the propaganda of some snakeheads and flow to developed countries in order to get rich quickly, regardless of the legal consequences. Some manual workers can't achieve the purpose of moving to developed countries through legal channels, so they take illegal channels. Second, there are legal problems in immigrant countries. Historically, developing countries have always been the exporters of immigrants, while western developed countries have become the receiving countries of immigrants. In order to continue to absorb foreign labor, these countries objectively condone illegal immigrants. The immigrant countries represented by the United States in developed countries, on the one hand, absorb a large number of talents from developing countries through legal channels, on the other hand, the underground economy of these countries also needs to continue to employ a large number of cheap labor, and illegal immigration is one of the channels to provide cheap labor. Therefore, these countries have passed legislation to grant legal residency to illegal immigrants who reside illegally in these countries every few years. For example, the United States has enacted such laws. Canada, Australia and Argentina have enacted such laws many times in history, giving illegal immigrants legal residency, which objectively induces immigrants from developing countries to continue to migrate to these countries. On the other hand, due to political needs, developed countries have established political asylum clauses in law. In order to play the political card, according to their regulations, citizens from socialist countries will be granted asylum as long as they declare that they are being persecuted politically, whether they go out legally or illegally. Thanks to this law, a large number of citizens from developing countries have entered these countries by smuggling and obtained legal residency. Historically, developed countries have not punished stowaways and illegal immigrants enough, and the legal punishment is relatively light. The participation of international criminal organizations is also one of the important factors. Transnational criminal groups are gradually abandoning traditional crimes and stepping into new ones, such as smuggling weapons, people and drugs. Because violence can be earned by smuggling, human smuggling and drug trafficking have become the main behaviors of criminal groups to earn violence. These organized criminal gangs colluded with criminal gangs in Chinese mainland to form a criminal network. Judging from the cases seized by local public security organs, there are American rich green gang, Qinglong Gang, and Japanese trio. These international criminal groups have penetrated into some areas of our country and become the main reason for the increasingly rampant smuggling activities in some coastal areas of our country. Smuggling is also called the crime of crossing the border in China's criminal law, which generally refers to the entry-exit behavior that violates the entry-exit management regulations and also refers to the behavior that should be punished by the criminal law. Entry and exit in violation of entry and exit management regulations; Second, acts that should bear legal responsibility include using fake documents at open ports to pass through customs and using fake documents at secret locations to illegally enter or leave the country. At the same time, it also includes organizing and transporting others and groups to sneak out of the country. In addition, it also includes the behavior of staff in some countries, or making false documents for people trying to smuggle, or letting law enforcement officers in national ports know that someone is smuggling into the country privately. In China, smuggling is recognized as a criminal activity by law, which is considered as a serious social problem, affecting social order internally and hindering normal international exchanges externally. The national criminal law clearly stipulates the handling of illegal activities, focusing on "snakeheads", but for ordinary illegal immigrants, they are generally sent back to China after administrative punishment.