How to judge the difference between subject, object and predicative clause

Subject is the subject of sentence narration, which can be carried by nouns, pronouns, numerals, nominalized adjectives, infinitives, gerunds and subject clauses.

Predicates describe the actions or characteristics and state of the subject. The predicate is assumed by the verb.

The object is the object or receiver of the action, usually after the transitive verb or preposition. The object can be acted by nouns, pronouns, numerals, nominalized adjectives, infinitives, gerunds and object clauses.

Subject and predicate are two major components of English sentences. Except for a few sentences (such as imperative sentences and exclamations). A sentence must have both the meaning expressed by the subject and the meaning expressed by the predicate. The subject is the subject of a sentence, and the predicate is used to explain the subject and provide information for the subject. For example, they are working. The theme is them, so what are they doing? It seems that there is no predicate. Generally speaking, the position of subject and predicate in English is the same as that in Chinese, that is, the subject comes first and the predicate follows. So, which words can be used as subject and predicate, when is the verb inversion sentence, and how is the subject and predicate consistent? I will tell you one by one. 1, noun.

For example, the moon cake is a delicious round cake.

The first truck was carrying several baskets.

The temperature will remain above zero.

The doctor examined Mrs. Brown very carefully.

China doesn't want to copy the American example.

2. Pronouns

This is a young forest.

I wonder if it will grow.

That's a little expensive.

You'd better buy a new pair.

I'm afraid we have no black shoes.

3, numbers

For example, one plus two equals three.

One is not enough for me. I want another one.

One of them is English.

Suddenly, a bag fell from the truck.

Two is enough.

Infinitive (often used in the form of It' s adj. to do this. )

For example, giving is better than receiving = giving is better.

I find it difficult to sleep.

Nice to see you again.

It's hard to see.

But swimming in summer is good.

5. As a subject, it has the following situations:

1) refers to the thing just mentioned: what is this? This is a bus. (referring to what)

2) refers to a person whose gender you don't know or can't tell clearly: Who is knocking at the door? It's me. (referring to who)

Who is the baby in the photo? It's my sister. (referring to who)

3) Time, weather and distance:

What time is it? It's eight o'clock. (time)

What will happen tomorrow? It will rain. (weather)

How far is it? It's about a kilometer away. (distance)

6. In the sentence pattern caused by There, be is the predicate and the subject follows, for example:

There are many different kinds of moon cakes.

There will be a strong wind.

Second, the predicate

Predicates are composed of verbs, which can be divided into simple predicates and compound predicates according to their complexity in sentences. No matter what tense, voice and mood, a predicate consisting of a verb (or verb phrase) is a simple predicate. For example:

I like walking. (Simple present tense active voice)

I made your birthday cake last night.

It is used by travelers and businessmen all over the world.

Compound predicates can also be divided into two situations:

The first is a compound predicate, which consists of modal verbs, auxiliary verbs and infinitives without to:

What does this word mean?

I won't do it again.

I'll go with Lin Tao to move the bag of rice.

You'd better take a bus.

The second is a compound predicate composed of connecting verbs and predicates. For example:

You look the same.

We are all here.

The weather is getting warmer and the days are getting longer.

Keep quiet and listen to me.

He looks worried.

We must get up early in the morning.

Is bill here?

School is over. Let's go home.

My pen is in my bag.

I feel terrible.

I always feel very tired.

He seemed very tired last night.

Connective verbs and predicates are closely related in meaning and should not be separated; The knowledge about verb types has been introduced in the textbook, so I won't say much here.

Third, subject-predicate agreement.

The consistency of subject and predicate in English sentences is one of the differences between English and Chinese. Specifically, it has the following characteristics:

1, the predicate verb should be consistent with the subject in person and number. For example:

Now the teacher walks into the classroom.

This sentence belongs to the simple present tense, and the subject the teacher is singular in the third person, so the predicate verb come should be added with S.

One morning, she was working at her desk in the library when a boy came in. This sentence is a subject-slave complex sentence, the main sentence is the past continuous tense, and the clause is the general past tense; The subject she in the main sentence is singular in the third person, so the predicate is was working.

1) When the subject contains and, if it represents a single concept, the predicate verb is usually singular (especially when and connects two uncountable nouns), otherwise it is plural. For example:

One plus three equals four. And are numbers before and after, indicating the same concept, and the predicate verb is.

Tea and milk are my favorite drinks. In this question, tea and milk refer to a kind of drink, so the predicate is is.

Tom and Li Lei are my best friends. Tom and Li Lei are completely different people with different personalities, so the predicate is are.

2) When the subject is infinitive, its predicate is usually singular. For example:

It is better to give than to receive.

It's hard to see.

Better wear cool clothes.

Similarly, gerund is the subject and predicate verb is singular. Junior high school only learned one sentence:

It's much better than having a class.

3) uncountable nouns are the subject and predicate verbs are singular. For example:

The best time to come to China is autumn.

The weather in Britain is never too hot.

4) Add the family before the plural surname, and the predicate verb is plural. For example:

When does the Reed family have breakfast? The subject is Reads, which means the family in the family, and the predicate verb is do ... have.

5) The plural noun indicating time is the subject, which is often regarded as a whole, and its predicate verb is singular. For example:

Two months is quite a long time.

6) In the formula "how much plus how much equals how much", the predicate verb is often singular. For example:

Twenty plus forty equals sixty.

Subject-predicate structure

7) Some nouns representing disciplines are taken as subjects, and the predicate verbs are regarded as singular regardless of the suffix. For example:

Mathematics is my favorite subject.

Subject-predicate structure

8) each and compound pronouns composed of some, any, no and every are subjects, and predicate verbs are singular. For example:

There is something wrong with my ears!

Call on god

Everyone is going to class.

Subject-predicate structure

9) When words such as what and who which are used as subjects, the form of the predicate verb depends on the meaning. For example:

What is this? (This is singular, using)

What are these? (These are complex numbers, which are represented by are.)

Which one is your friend? Who is your friend?

Who are your friends? Who is your friend?

10) None as the subject, and its predicate can be singular or plural. This item is not the focus of junior high school, so I won't say it.

1 1) people, with Chinese and Japanese as subjects and predicate verbs in the plural. For example:

There are four people in my family.

Call on god

The people of China are very friendly.

12) When population refers to "population", it is the subject and the predicate is singular; When there is a modifier indicating quantity in front, the predicate is plural; The third volume of the textbook only requires mastering the situation as the predicate of "population":

What's the population of Germany?

Call on god

1950 What is the world population?

Call on god

Half of China's population is women.

Modifier subject-predicate

2, by there … or there … nor connects two coordinate components as subjects, and its predicate verb form is consistent with the latter subject, such as: there lily or Lucy is going to come. Lily and Lucy can go. Lucy, the latter subject, is the third person singular, and the predicate is coming. )

I or he learned English well there. Both his English and mine are very good.

Neither she nor I like swimming.

The predicate verb form of a multi-subject sentence derived from these and here is determined by the subject form closest to the predicate, such as:

There is a pen, two rulers and three books on the desk.

Here are some cups, a glass and some pears.

Composition of sentences:

The basic components of a sentence are called sentence components. Sentence components can be divided into subject, predicate, object, predicative, attributive, adverbial and appositive. They can be provided by words, phrases and sentences.

subject

Subject is the person or thing to be expressed and described in the sentence, and it is the main body of the sentence.

I am here.

I work here.

Sheisanewteacher。

She is a new teacher.

Heisinchargeofalimitedcompany。

He is in charge of a limited company.

Subjects can be nouns, pronouns, numerals, infinitives, gerunds, nominalized adjectives, participles, clauses and phrases.

Thebookisonthedesk。

The book is on the desk.

Igetanidea。

I have an idea.

Two plus two equals four.

Two plus two equals four.

Smoking is harmful to health.

Smoking is harmful to health.

The largest hospital in the world.

The wounded have been taken to the hospital.

Whentobeginisnotknownyet。

I don't know when it will start yet.

What is important.

What I know is very important.

Predicate Predicate is used to explain what the subject has done or what state it is in. Predicates can be served by verbs, usually after the subject.

thechildhasbeenbroughtupbyhismow。

The child was brought up by his mother.

We don't know him very well.

We don't know him very well.

She speaks English fluently.

She speaks English fluently.

Predicate Predicate is used to explain the nature, identity, characteristics and state of the subject. The predicate must form the compound predicate of the sentence together with the connecting verb. Predicates are usually placed after connecting verbs. Predicates can be served by nouns, adjectives or words and phrases that function as nouns and adjectives.

These tables look very low.

These tables are yellow.

I'm fine.

I'm fine.

Wearehappynow。

We are very happy now.

It's over.

Time is up.

Sesten.

She is ten years old.

My job is English,

My job is to teach English.

The dictionary is thebag.

The dictionary is in the bag.

Myquestionishowyouknewhim。

My question is how do you know him?

target

The object is the object involved in the predicate action, and it is the receiver of the action. The object can be a noun or a component that acts as a noun. The object is usually placed after the predicate verb.

Isawacatinthetree。

I see a cat in the tree.

Iwanttogoshopping。

I want to go shopping.

He said he was here.

He said he would come.

Wethinkyouareright。

We think you are right.

Some transitive verbs can have two objects, one refers to a person and the other refers to a thing. The object that refers to people is called indirect object, and the object that refers to things is called direct object. Verbs that can take two objects are bring, give, show, send, pass, tell and so on. Indirect objects are usually placed before direct objects. If the direct object is emphasized, the direct object can be placed before the indirect object, but the "to" must be added before the indirect object.

My father.

My father bought me a book.

Givetherubbertome。

Give me the eraser.

PleasegivethelettertoXiaoLi。

Please give this letter to Xiao Li.

Some transitive verbs need to take object complements, otherwise the meaning is incomplete. Together they form a composite object. There is a logical subject-predicate relationship between the object in a compound object and its object complement, which is also the basis for judging whether it is two objects or a compound object. The object can be a noun or a word that acts as a noun.

We call him Lao Wang.

We all call him Lao Wang.

Please give priority.

Please color it red.

Wefoundthelittlegirlinthehill。

We found the little girl on the mountain.

Attributes used to describe the nature and characteristic range of nouns, pronouns, phrases or clauses are called attributes, which can be acted by nouns, adjectives and words and phrases that function as nouns and adjectives. If the attribute is a single word, it is placed in front of the modified word, and if it is a phrase, it is placed behind the modified word.

That beautiful flower.

That is a beautiful flower.

Thetvsetmadeintatfactoryisverygood is very good.

The TV set produced in that factory is very good.

This is my book, not yours.

This is my book, not yours.

Therearemorethantwentytreesinour

School.

There are more than twenty trees in our school.

Ihavealotofthingstodo。

I have many things to do.

Ourcountryisadevelopingcountry。

China is a developing country.

Adverbial: a word describing time, place, reason, purpose, result, condition or accompanying situation, degree, etc. A noun indicating something is called an adverbial. Adverbs, phrases and clauses can all act as adverbials.