The important role of the Chinese Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army in Guizhou

The Red Army’s activities in Guizhou have a profound impact on Guizhou:

1. A heavy blow to the enemy

During the Long March of the Central Red Army in Guizhou, under the leadership of Mao Zedong and others Under his command, in just four months, the Guizhou Army was disintegrated, the Kuomintang Central Army was weakened, and a decisive victory was achieved in the strategic shift, declaring the failure of the Kuomintang Chiang Kai-shek's "encirclement and suppression" campaign.

In addition, the Thousand-mile Swing Battle of Wumeng Mountain conducted by the Second and Sixth Red Army Corps in Guizhou also created another successful example of getting rid of powerful enemies and annihilating them with movement during the Long March.

2. Sowing the revolutionary fire

During the Long March of the Central Red Army in Guizhou, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China approved the establishment of the Guizhou Provincial Working Committee of the Communist Party of China in Zunyi, and successively established Zunyi, Meitan, Tongzi and other county-level political organizations and more than 50 district and township Soviet political organizations.

A group of Red Army guerrillas and district and township revolutionary armed forces were formed; more than 40 revolutionary mass organizations such as the "Friends of the Red Army", "Zunyi Red Trade Union" and "Tongzi County Peasants' Committee" were established.

During the Long March of the Second and Sixth Red Army in Guizhou, they established the Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou Provincial Revolutionary Committee, established the Bijie Central County Committee, 8 district-level Soviet provisional regimes and 95 rural Soviet regimes formed more than a hundred guerrilla teams.

3. Spreading revolutionary ideas

During the Central Red Army’s occupation of Zunyi, leading comrades such as Mao Zedong and Zhu De all gave passionate speeches at mass meetings.

The General Political Department also formulated and issued the "Instructions on Disintegrating the Guizhou White Army", "Letter from the General Political Department of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army to the Brothers of the Central Army and the Guizhou Army", "The General Political Department's Notice on Entering Zunyi City" "General Order" etc., exposed the nature of the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang and stipulated the disciplines that Red Army commanders and fighters must strictly abide by.

During the Long March in Guizhou, the Red Army also spread revolutionary ideas through slogans, songs, etc. Slogans such as "The Red Army is the own army of the workers and peasants" and "The Red Army absolutely protects the interests of the workers and peasants" can be seen everywhere.

The impact of the Red Army’s Long March on Guizhou was multifaceted and long-lasting.

Extended information:

The main process of the Red Army's Long March in Guizhou:

In July 1934, in order to mobilize and contain the enemy and reduce the influence of the Kuomintang army on the central base areas In response to the strategic shift of the Central Red Army, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission decided to send two troops to go north and west. As the strategic advance team of the central Red Army, the Sixth Red Army was ordered to march westward, kicking off the Long March.

1. The Sixth Red Army Corps entered Guizhou on its western expedition

In compliance with the telegram orders of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, on August 7, 1934, more than 9,000 members of the Sixth Red Army Corps bid farewell Hunan and Jiangxi revolutionary base areas, break through the Western Expedition. On September 20, it entered Liping County, Guizhou. On October 24, Muhuang and the Third Red Army (later the Second Red Army) successfully joined forces in Yinjiang, with only more than 3,300 people left at the time of the meeting.

During the nearly 80 days of the Western Expedition, the Sixth Red Army Corps marched continuously across more than 5,000 kilometers of enemy territory, overcoming the enemy's pursuit and interception and numerous difficulties and obstacles in the four provinces of Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Guizhou. , successfully completed the strategic tasks assigned by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission.

2. The Long March of the Central Red Army in Guizhou

In mid-October 1934, the Central Red Army began its Long March. Chiang Kai-shek sensed the route and intention of the Red Army's transfer, mobilized five times as many troops as the Red Army, and set up a large "pocket" on the Red Army's way to western Hunan. At this critical juncture, Mao Zedong proposed that the Central Red Army abandon its plan to join the Second and Sixth Red Army and move to Guizhou, where the enemy's strength was relatively weak, to open up a new base area.

On December 12, 1934, the leaders of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held an emergency meeting at the Hunan Channel. After fierce debate, the meeting decided to temporarily transfer troops to Guizhou. On December 14, the Red Army captured Liping, Guizhou.

The Central Red Army has been active in Guizhou for more than four months, passing through more than 40 counties (cities) such as Liping, Zunyi, Anshun, Bijie, and Panxian.

Guizhou is one of the 11 provinces where the Central Red Army's Long March has been active for the longest time, has the widest area of ??activity, and has the most major events.

In particular, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a series of important meetings marked by the Zunyi Conference, achieving a great turning point in the Chinese revolution. The Central Red Army successively won victories in battles such as the forced crossing of the Wujiang River, the fierce battle at Loushanguan, and the fourth crossing of Chishui. It got rid of the unfavorable situation of being passively beaten, jumped out of the encirclement of hundreds of thousands of Kuomintang troops, and gained strategic initiative.

3. The Long March of the Second and Sixth Red Army Corps in Guizhou

On November 19, 1935, the Second and Sixth Red Army Corps set out from Sangzhi, Liujiaping and other places in Hunan to begin the Long March. In early 1936, strategic transfer was implemented to Shiqian, Zhenyuan and Huangping in Guizhou. The Second Red Army and the Sixth Red Army fought in Guizhou for three months, established the revolutionary base in northwest Guizhou, launched the roundabout battle of Wumeng Mountain, and held the Panxian Conference, which was of great significance to the successful rendezvous of the three main forces of the Red Army. It was the starting point for the Long March of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. important component.

People's Daily Online-The Red Army's Long March in Guizhou and its historical status and cultural value