Plant specimen slogan

Making plant specimens is one of the powerful means to solve the problem of botany teaching AIDS. If there are living plants in classroom teaching, it will help students deepen their understanding. Using plant specimens can avoid the geographical and seasonal restrictions of some plants. At the same time, the shapes and colors of plants are preserved in plant specimens for further observation and research. A few plant specimens are also valuable for collection.

Manufacturing sequence

Repair and maintenance

Select the plant with the most complete organ from several identical plants as the specimen. First, remove the residual leaves, properly remove some too dense branches and too many flowers, leaves and fruits. If 10 large flowers are gathered together, it is generally appropriate to leave only 4~5 flowers, but a small piece of flowers, fruits and leaves should be left to show the original ecological situation. To make a solid object flat, cut off 1/2 or 2/3 to avoid accumulation. Before absorbing paper, it must be reshaped, that is, the branches, leaves, fruits and flowers of the specimen should be spread flat to avoid overlapping. Try to keep the specimen in a natural state and look beautiful. Some berries, tubers and tubers that are inconvenient to press should be preserved by soaking.

restrain

Spread some absorbent paper on the specimen rack, and put the folded absorbent paper and plant specimens on it. Before pressing, open the folded absorbent paper, check and correct the position of flowers and leaves, and turn over several leaves and flowers for a comprehensive observation. After straightening, fold the absorbent paper in half and put several layers of absorbent paper on it, and then you can put another plant. Add this up layer by layer. Finally, tie the specimen tightly with thick rope, press it on a big stone weighing dozens of kilograms and put it in a ventilated place. When the paper dries the next day, the specimens must be carefully handled and classified. On the first day of repression, every other day

Dry paper can be changed every five hours, twice a day the next day and every 24 hours after two days. Generally, plant specimens take 3 to 7 days. You can also increase the pressure after changing the paper on the third day (the splint with 250~300 specimens can apply a pressure of 125~ 150 kg). Under direct sunlight, water can evaporate quickly, which can prevent excessive discoloration or mildew. In rainy areas, the paper is dried twice a day and baked with low fire, which can be dried in about 3~4 days.

How dry is the specimen? You can pick up the specimen by hand. There are no dry specimens, and some parts are soft and easy to bend. Too dry specimens are fragile and not easily broken. Moderately dry samples are elastic.

In the process of pressing, the fallen flowers, fruits and leaves should be packed in paper bags, and the number of the specimen should be marked so as to be attached when the paper is involved.

Upper paper

label

Put the dried specimen on the table paper, set the position and fix it. Attention should be paid to the scientificity and artistry of specimens when fixing. Fixing can be done by sticking a strong thin paper strip or glass paper strip on the branch, then sticking both ends of the paper strip on the dining table paper, or cutting a small opening at the fixing place with a knife and sticking one end of the paper strip through the small opening on the back of the dining table paper. You can also nail the specimen on the surface paper with white cotton thread. Small plant specimens or specimens with soft branches can be coated with glue on the back of the specimen and pasted directly on the surface paper.

After loading the table paper, put a label under the table paper. Finally, stick a specimen lining paper with the same size as the desktop paper on the upper edge of the desktop paper to protect the specimen.

protect

Wax leaf specimens should be classified and placed in specimen cabinets or specimen boxes, and mothballs should be placed between specimens to prevent moths. In spring and rainy season, the specimen should be placed in a ventilated and dry place to prevent the specimen from becoming moldy. If there is a specimen room, it is best to close the doors and windows in early spring and heat the formalin solution on the alcohol lamp to steam the insecticidal bacteria for 3 days to prevent insects from eating and rotting.