When will civilization become a tourist's "personal belongings"? The guide to civilized behavior is difficult to implement.

When will civilization become a tourist's "personal belongings"? The guide to civilized behavior is difficult to implement.

Since 2006, the National Tourism Administration, in cooperation with relevant ministries and commissions, has issued more than ten notices and specific measures for China tourists' civilized tourism, which can be described as nuanced. However, in the eyes of the industry, there are still some problems in relevant laws and regulations. Tourism law puts forward the obligation of civilized tourism for tourists, but the legal responsibility after violation is that the travel agency can terminate the contract and compensate the travel agency for its losses according to law. If the contract is not terminated, the benefits will be greater. Even if the tourists violate the civilized tourism regulations, the travel agency will not terminate the contract. For those who choose to travel freely, this legal provision is out of reach.

Civilized tourism depends not only on tourists' inner consciousness, but also on institutional constraints, so that the original pending rules and the binding force of "scarecrow" can be fully exerted.

□ Our reporter Zhao Li

The quality of tourists has been further improved;

Uncivilized behavior is mainly reflected in environmental sanitation, public order, cultural relics protection and so on.

Tourists' cognition of civilized tourism is stronger than their behavior, and self-discipline is stronger than self-discipline.

Tourists mainly obtain civilized tourism information from scenic spots, officials, e-commerce and media;

Customs propaganda is the focus of civilized tourism construction.

The above conclusions come from domestic investigation activities organized by tourism bureaus (commissions) of 26 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and attended by more than 200,000 people.

The travel situation of tourists during the Spring Festival holiday this year confirms the above survey. Compared with the uncivilized phenomenon of tourism frequently exposed in previous years, there are not many similar Wade International during the Spring Festival this year, which can reflect the improvement of civilized travel awareness from one side. However, just because there are not many uncivilized phenomena exposed does not mean that there are none. For example, on the fifth day of Lunar New Year's Eve, ditan temple fair Park in Beijing ushered in a peak of passenger flow, which was followed by some uncivilized behaviors, such as rows of shoe prints on the scarlet altar wall, and parents let their children urinate under the tree. Looking at Tianjin, on the ancient cultural street, street vendors who occupy the road force motor vehicles to bypass; Thousands of years ago near Tianjin Railway Station, many lawns were trampled into "alopecia areata".

According to the comprehensive calculation of the data center of the National Tourism Administration, the total number of national tourist receptions was 37.7 million on June 5438+1October 3 1 day, up by14.0% year-on-year; Tourism revenue reached 5 1 100 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 16.3%.

The civilization and uncivilized behind such a huge number of trips are particularly conspicuous, which also makes people have to worry a little-when will the uncivilized behavior of tourism disappear? After all, in recent years, "civilized tourism" has been constantly emphasized from the central government to local governments, and the National Tourism Administration and some places have also issued special regulations to advocate civilized tourism. However, in this context, the problem of uncivilized tourism is still widespread.

There are three main reasons for "uncivilized"

What exactly is uncivilized tourism behavior?

The answer given by Derong Lin, a professor of international management at Xiamen University, is that, generally speaking, uncivilized tourism behavior involves living habits, customs and laws, which mainly refers to the behavior of tourists in the process of participating in tourism, between conforming to social morality, relevant laws and regulations and violating social morality and relevant laws and regulations, causing adverse effects or irreparable losses to the resources, environment, residents, other tourists and even themselves of the tourist destination.

On the contrary, what is civilized tourism?

"Civilized tourism is a comprehensive expression of civilized behavior with civilized perception, emotion, knowledge and responsibility in the process of participating in tourism. Its essence is the embodiment of human civilization and social civilization in tourism activities and management, and it is a harmonious relationship with tourists and stakeholders as the main body. However, as a goal orientation, civilized tourism is still an advanced stage of tourism and an important way to build an ecological civilization. " Huang, director of the Tourism Planning and Research Center of Nanchang University, commented.

In recent years, citizens' uncivilized tourism behaviors have emerged in an endless stream, such as spitting, scribbling, slovenly and disorderly.

I have been a tour guide for five years and currently run an online travel company. I often tell reporters that, in short, there are three kinds of uncivilized travel behaviors of the public:

One is ignorance, that is, the ignorance of different cultures causes unconscious disrespect;

The second is habitual. Although the public recognizes and accepts the differences between different cultures, the habituation of behavior leads to contradictions or conflicts with the social ethics of the destination.

Third, indulgence, generally based on the principle of self-satisfaction, freely releases immoral instincts and selfish desires in pursuit of "high-quality" tourism experience, highlighting the lack of basic moral literacy and civilized self-discipline of some people.

For a long time, uncivilized tourism behavior has been largely attributed to the inherent problem of tourists' moral level. After long-term governance, many people in the industry have noticed that there are still many factors that lead to uncivilized behavior in tourism.

"Due to the lack of integrity mechanism, some tourists are wary of tourist service personnel bullying customers and have no time to take care of their own bad habits; However, some tourism service personnel "pull out geese", make profits by cheating and kickbacks, and are indifferent to uncivilized tourism management behavior; Even a very small number of citizens have disordered values and bad conduct, which is purely harming others' interests or harming others' interests and consciously' misbehaving' in tourism activities. " Often said to.

In addition, the problem of tourism hardware is often mentioned. "In China, public goods and services used to ensure the quality of public leisure have not yet reached a very full level. Some members of society have long been aware of occupying, arbitrarily occupying and illegally occupying public resources, and their awareness of public order is weak. In addition, some tourism public services are not complete, which further urges some tourists to produce unconsciously.

"The stage of China's tourism development and its international influence is another reason for uncivilized tourism behavior. First of all, the development of China's tourism industry started late, and the experience pursued by mass tourism still stays in the sensory satisfaction mainly composed of material consumption. Tourists even act as consumers at will under the guidance of the' happiness principle', which leads to uncivilized behaviors such as crowding, noise and disorder in the tourism process. " Guo, an international professor of tourism and urban management at Zhejiang Gongshang University, said, secondly, the time for the public to go abroad on a large scale is still short, and they lack understanding and recognition of multiculturalism. The study and exercise of "tourism skills" are relatively backward, which leads to the lack of "the other" consciousness and directly leads to the behavior of tourists who are fearless, self-disciplined and self-disciplined. "Finally, countries around the world have different ways of thinking, values and moral standards. International tourism provides a space for the collision and intersection of different cultures, forming a specific' cultural frontier', in which China traditional culture often lacks the right to speak and influence, and some cultural symbols are easily misinterpreted and labeled as' uncivilized'.

The guide to civilized behavior is difficult to implement.

Undeniably, in recent years, the civilized tourism of China tourists has gradually become the focus of attention.

In recent years, around the civilized tourism behavior of China citizens' outbound tourism, China began to intervene from the high concern of national image and national soft power. According to incomplete statistics, since 2006, the National Tourism Administration, in cooperation with relevant ministries and commissions, has issued more than ten notices and specific measures for China tourists' civilized tourism, such as Action Plan for Improving the Civilized Quality of China Citizens' Tourism, Ten Reminders for Civilized Tourism, and Guide for Civilized Behavior of China Citizens' Traveling Abroad, which can be described as meticulous.

Anxiety from the public is also heating up. Relevant tourism associations and leading enterprises have issued "civilized tourism proposals" to actively follow up, and the appeals of people of insight frequently appear in newspapers. Since 20 14, the national tourism administration has raised the issue of "tourism civilization" to the height of tourism diplomacy as never before, promoted civilized tourism for all people in all directions, and triggered the positive response of the whole society to civilized tourism by issuing an early warning of "blacklist of tourists".

From June 2065438 to June 2006, the National Tourism Administration issued the Interim Measures for the Management of Uncivilized Behavior Records in Tourism, which included the uncivilized management phenomenon in tourism professionals, and 24 tourists and tourism professionals were on the list. During the National Day holiday on 20 16, the National Tourism Administration launched the "Red and Black List" for holiday tourism, which mainly commended a group of excellent tourism organizations, tourism professionals and civilized tourists, and exposed tourism business units and uncivilized tourists with poor management and service.

With the increasingly strong propaganda atmosphere of civilized tourism, various and colorful civilized tourism theme activities have been held in various places. From tourist attractions and traffic stations to schools and communities, volunteers spontaneously publicize and local residents actively cooperate, and the social trend of everyone participating in civilized tourism is gradually taking shape.

However, in the eyes of the industry, there are still some problems in relevant laws and regulations.

"The National Tourism Administration will take the Guide to Civilized Behavior of China Citizens' Outbound Tourism and the Convention on Civilized Behavior of China Citizens' Domestic Tourism as annexes to the tourism contract. The Convention on Civilized Behavior of Domestic Tourism of China Citizens lists eight civilized tourism norms, such as maintaining environmental sanitation, observing public order and protecting ecological environment. Each category of norms is subdivided separately, and a total of 28 behaviors that conform to or violate civilized tourism are listed, but there are some in practical application. In this regard, Tong Jianjun, an associate professor at Wade International College of Social Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, believes that there are several problems. Are these eight general civilized tourism norms parallel or inclusive with their specific tourism behaviors? Have they exhausted all uncivilized travel behaviors? How to operate these specific tourism behaviors that are prohibited or promoted?

For example, Tong Jianjun said that "dining is not wasted" is a tourism civilization, but only CDs are not wasted? Is it a waste to abandon food because its taste or variety is uncomfortable? "Does touching the external walls of ancient buildings constitute a ban on' not climbing and touching cultural relics'? How long does it take to constitute "no long-term occupation of public facilities"?

At the same time, some insiders said that the Tourism Law puts forward the obligation of civilized tourism for tourists. "However, the legal responsibility after violation is that the travel agency can terminate the contract and compensate the travel agency for its losses according to law. If the contract is not terminated, the benefits will be greater. Even if the tourists violate the civilized tourism regulations, the travel agency will not terminate the contract. For those who choose to travel freely, this legal provision is out of reach. " Often said to.

Civilization depends on consciousness and needs system.

When talking about the future of civilized tourism in China, almost all people in the industry mentioned the key word "Citizen Wade International".

"Granary knows etiquette, food and clothing know honor and disgrace" is true, but the change from granary to etiquette honor and disgrace is not natural, and the national quality Wade International is the fundamental way to realize this change. Civilization is a habit, and habits should be cultivated from an early age.

"National quality Wade International should start with teenagers, implement civilized tourism quality Wade International with cultivating Wade International as a breakthrough, highlight the norms of moral standards and the correction of civilized habits Wade International, and let teenagers develop good quality and behavior habits that consciously abide by social morality and behavior norms." Guo said:

In addition, Guo pointed out that tourism is usually a cross-regional and cross-cultural activity, and cultural differences and people's curiosity constitute the attraction and driving force of tourism activities. "In the communication between host and guest, cultural barriers are likely to cause tension or even conflict between the two sides, and recognition and respect are the only way to solve it. Cognitive differences, acknowledging differences is the premise of respecting differences. Only when tourists correctly identify with the moral norms and ethical standards of the object culture can they consciously exercise self-discipline. "

In this regard, it is often suggested that common practices such as pre-departure briefing and issuing travel brochures are considered to be effective ways to eliminate the first kind of "ignorant" uncivilized tourism behavior, but the results are minimal. "You can use modern information technology to develop mobile terminal apps and integrate information such as laws and regulations, customs and habits, etiquette norms and religious taboos of tourist destinations for outbound tourists to check at any time; According to real-time positioning, immediately inform tourists of taboo behaviors and civilized warnings in their areas or places. "

"Civilized tourism depends not only on tourists' inner consciousness, but also on the constraints of the system, especially on the governance of the third kind of' indulgence' uncivilized tourism behavior. "It is often said that the Interim Measures for the Management of Uncivilized Behavior Records of Tourists promulgated by the National Tourism Administration has a certain deterrent effect on uncivilized tourism behavior and has positive significance for regulating tourists' behavior.

However, some insiders said that the system still has some problems such as vague definition standards and insufficient punishment, and there is a suspicion that "form is greater than content". "On the one hand, the judgment of uncivilized tourism behavior cannot be generalized. It is necessary to formulate grading standards and judgment basis, and take different disciplinary measures for each level; On the other hand, the supervision of uncivilized behavior in tourism should follow the principle of' violation must be managed and punishment must be severe', and the uncivilized behavior records of tourists should be included in the social credit information system and notified to the public security, customs, border inspection, transportation and people's bank credit information agencies, which will have a real impact on the lives of people on the list. " Guo said that only in this way can the "tourism blacklist" system get rid of the image of "scarecrow in the field" and effectively curb all kinds of chaos in tourism. In addition, due to the increasing scale of outbound tourism, it is difficult to directly supervise uncivilized tourism behavior. According to the provisions of Article 41 of the Tourism Law, it is possible to establish an international responsibility system for travel agencies to be civilized throughout the journey, strengthen the obligation of tour guides and tour leaders to remind and guide civilized tourism, and escort public civilized tourism.

In addition, Derong Lin suggested that it is more important to innovate the propaganda and supervision platform and public service system of civilized tourism, and continue to use the "internet plus" and new media to open up a new model of civilized tourism, so that the previously unresolved rules and "Scarecrow" can give full play to their roles. At the same time, in conjunction with all kinds of media, especially new media, we will increase the supervision and exposure of uncivilized tourism behaviors and increase penalties. In addition to the tourism blacklist, we can follow the example of Wuhan Civilized Tourism Initiative, promote civilized tourism in the whole country, popularize the public welfare activities of "civilized tourism" in the whole country, collect pictures reflecting civilized tourism and uncivilized tourism, and completely change the history that tourists have contributed to consumption but are not respected.